1 Huanxisha
Swimming in Qingquan Temple. The temple is near Lanxi, and the stream flows westward. ①
Su Shi
The orchid buds under the mountain are short dipped in the stream, and the sand road between the pines is clean and mud-free. The rustling dusk rain cries (2)
who says that life is endless? The water in front of the door can still flow west. Don't sing yellow chicken with white hair.
① Yuan Feng lived in exile in Huangzhou in March of the fifth year (182). "Dongpo Zhilin" has a volume of one year: "(Yu) got sick when he went to (Shahu) Xiangtian. I heard that Pang An, a native of Maqiao, was often good at medical treatment and was < P > deaf, so he went to seek medical treatment. ..... recover from illness and travel with him to Qingquan Temple. The temple is two miles outside the gate of Qiushui Guo. " Qishui, now Xishui County, Hubei Province, is in the east of Huangzhou. Lanxi, a bamboo mountain, is named after bluegrass growing on both sides of the stream.
② rustling, the same as raining. Zigui, another name for cuckoo.
③ quit, don't. White hair refers to old age.
This is a small word that touches the scene and contains life philosophy, which embodies the author's love for life and optimistic and broad-minded attitude towards life.
The first film describes the elegant scenery you saw when you visited Qingquan Temple in late spring. The stream at the foot of the mountain gurgled, and the bluegrass beside the stream took out its buds and spread and soaked in the stream. The sandy path between pine and cypress, washed by spring rain, is clean without mud. It was dusk, and the cuckoo in the pine forest was crying in the drizzle. What a beautiful and quiet mountain scenery it is! The first seven characters not only point out the season when traveling in Qingquan Temple, but also point out the origin of the name of Lanxi. The word "immersion" has the same meaning of "spreading" as the word "gradual" in "Gaolan is surrounded by a path, and the road is gradual" (Chu Ci Evocation). At this time, bluegrass began to sprout. Its bud is still "short", but it is full of vitality and grows rapidly. It has spread from the shore to the stream. The cuckoo cries mournfully, which is easy to cause the worry of traveling. However, the author strolled by the stream at this moment, seeing nothing but business, oblivious to the noise of the world and the filth of officialdom, and in a happy mood. At the same time, the disease began to heal, and the doctor accompanied him to enjoy it, so the cuckoo's cry failed to disturb the author's qingxing at this time. In a word, the first film only writes real scenes, and what it evokes in its heart should be the love of nature and the aftertaste of life, which leads to the philosophical thinking of life in the next film.
The next film expresses feelings and comments on the sight of "a stream flowing west". "A hundred rivers go east to the sea, and when will they return to the west" (Han's Long Song). "Flowers have a reopening day, and there are no fewer people." The river does not return to the east, just as a person's youth is only once, it is an irresistible natural law, which has made countless people lament it in ancient and modern times. At this moment, the author is facing the Lanxi water flowing westward, but he has a wonderful reverie: since the stream can flow westward, why can't people regain their youth? The "less life" is not the "rejuvenation" that Taoists want, but a young and optimistic attitude should be maintained. Because people can't change the world; What people can change is only their attitudes and views on the world. Bai Juyi's "Drunken Song" poem has "Who tells you to be puzzled? Listen to the yellow chicken and the day. The yellow chicken urges the dawn to be ugly when it sounds, and the daytime urges the year to be unitary before it. The red ribbon around the waist is not stable, and Zhu Yan has lost it in the mirror. "These sentences are words that are old and sigh. The author's last sentence uses its meaning in reverse, thinking that even in his twilight years, he should not have the decadent mentality of "yellow chickens urging dawn" and Zhu Yan having lost, which reflects the author's broad-minded and uplifting mental state during his relegation.
The characteristics of the whole poem are that it expresses the feelings on the spot, and the description of the scene is pure and simple, meticulous and elegant; Expressing high spirits and inspiring, full of philosophy. Previously, in the sixth year of Xining (173), the author once wrote a poem: "The riverside has a long history and has a long history with Cangbo." Creation also knows that people are easy to get old, so it teaches the river to flow westward "(the third part of" Watching the Five Wonders of Tide on August 15th "). It's the feeling that was born when the river came back from qiantang bore, which is similar to the purport of this word. However, at that time, the author was invited from outside, and went to the beautiful and rich Hangzhou as a judge with the title of Dr. Taichang's direct history museum. He was sent by Beijing officials as a local official, and his sense of disappointment in his official career was not strong. At this time, he was placed in a remote Huangzhou as an official waiting for sin, and his lonely and miserable mood could not be easily shaken off. Therefore, the call for youthful vitality shown in the next film of this word and the rejection of the view of being old and doing nothing are particularly valuable. It can be said that this optimistic spirit in the adversity of "life is overwhelming" is one of the important reasons why Su Shi is respected by later generations.
2 Huanxisha
Su Shi
The clothes and towels are rustling and jujube flowers are falling, and the car is ringing in the south of the village. Cow clothes and ancient willows sell cucumbers.
the road is long with wine, but it is sleepy, and the sun is thirsty for tea, knocking at the door to ask wild people.
The word "Huanxisha" was written by Su Shi at the age of 43 (178) when he was a prefect in Xuzhou. That spring, there was a severe drought in Xuzhou. As a local official, Su Shi led the crowd to Shitan, 2 miles east of the city, for rain. After the rain, he went to Shitan to thank the people for the rain. This group of words was written on the way to Xumen Shitan to thank the rain.
The beginning of the sound of "rustling jujube flowers on the clothes towel" reflects the joy of a prefect who cares about people's lives in the new countryside after the rain. The sound of jujube falling on the towel is slight, but it is so real in the author's ears. "Village in the south and village in the north" summarizes the sound of "pulling the car", which shows how seriously, carefully and excitedly the author listened. "Cow clothes and ancient willows", the author writes his happy mood for vegetable harvest from another angle. Three sentences, three pictures, it seems that there is no connection. However, with this line strung together on the road of Xie Yu, people feel that this comic book has a strong three-dimensional sense. This set of pictures is not only beautiful in color but also beautiful in music. Whether it is the rustling sound of falling flowers, the buzzing sound of cars, or the cries of melon farmers, they are full of rich life breath, vividly showing the thriving scene in rural areas.
The first film is about the busy scene of rural production and labor, and the second film is about the hardships on the way to thank the rain. After walking from village to village, it was already hot, and people were thirsty. In addition, they were sleepy and sleepy. I couldn't help thinking of quenching my thirst with tea and refreshing myself with tea. The word "question" is used very carefully, which not only expresses the author's hope to ask for a cup of tea to quench his thirst, but also worries that during the busy farming season, there is no farmer and it is inconvenient for him to rush in. The letter and pen are not carved, but they are lifelike, depicting a modest and approachable image of Zhizhou, and describing the relationship between a satrap and ordinary farmers in a cordial and natural way. The whole poem is full of scenery and people, tangible and vivid, and full of local flavor, which has opened up a new world for the theme of Song Ci.
"Knock on the door and ask a wild family", and the word comes to an abrupt end here. What is the result of the poet knocking at the door? Have you had tea? How did the farmers entertain him? There is no explanation of a word in the word, which is left to the reader to imagine, and it is endless. This is what classical poetry pays attention to, that is, "the endless meaning can be seen beyond the words".
There is a sentence in the word Huanxisha, which is actually an inverted text of "jujube flowers fall off their clothes and towels". In Du Fu's poem "Autumn Prosperity", there is an original meaning that "fragrant rice pecks at parrot grains, while the phoenix perches on old phoenix branches". While the subject and object are inverted, the objects "Xiangdaoli" and "Biwuzhi" are also disassembled and belong to the subject and object position. Hong Liangji, a Qing dynasty poet, said: "Poets use inverted syntax, which makes Fang Jue strange and vivid.".