Question 2: What is Sanskrit? Sanskrit (Sanskrit)
It is the standard written language of ancient India. Originally the language of upper-class intellectuals in northwest India, it is also called elegant language compared with the common saying (Prakrit) used by ordinary people. According to this language, the legend created by China and Japan for Brahma (one of the main gods of Hinduism) is called Sanskrit. Its name is Sanskrit, which comes from samskrta and literally means "completely organized", that is, a well-organized language.
Sanskrit in a broad sense includes three kinds: Vedic Sanskrit, Epic Sanskrit and Classical Sanskrit, while Sanskrit in a narrow sense only refers to Classical Sanskrit. Among all the ancient languages in the world, Sanskrit literature is second only to Chinese, far more than Greek and Latin, and its content is extremely rich. The Sanskrit literature in a broad sense includes four Vedas: Rigveda, Ramaveda, Yeroveda and Adapurveda, as well as a large number of Sanskrit books, scriptures and Upanishads. Two epics, Mahabharata and Ramayana, and a large number of ancient stories. In addition, it also includes a large number of grammar books, fables, and works on medicine, natural science, literary theory, etc. Indian classical literary works written in classical Sanskrit, that is, Sanskrit in a narrow sense, have more brilliant literary talent and far-reaching influence. The Mahayana classic part of Buddhism is the most well-known example. Primitive Buddhist classics were originally written in common sayings, and then gradually became Sanskrit, forming a special Buddhist Sanskrit or mixed Sanskrit. However, after the tenth century, due to the development of various dialects in modern India and the invasion of India by * * *, Sanskrit gradually lost its actual strength and only existed as a classical language.
The script used to publish Brahma now is called "Brahma", which is based on the naga font produced in China and India in the 7th century and developed into a font suitable for writing in the 11th century. In fact, there are many kinds of scripts in ancient India, and all scripts derived from Sanskrit or Brahmilipi letters, such as Siddhartha, can be called Sanskrit.
There have been many legends about Sanskrit creators since ancient times. Volume II of Tang Xuanzang's Records of the Western Regions of the Tang Dynasty says: "Detailed characters, written by Brahma, original vertical rules, 47 characters" (47 letters). "The Vatican Emperor writes at any time, and different immortals make their own words." According to the materials unearthed in Harappa and Mohenjodaro in the modern Indus Valley, the oldest writing used in India is the hieroglyphics in prehistoric times. However, the system of its origin is still inconclusive. Sanskrit and Phoenician writing (the embryonic form of modern European writing) belong to Semitic writing system, which has been recognized by modern academic circles. Around 700 BC, Indian businessmen contacted Mesopotamia (a branch of Semitic people) and sent 22 letters from Semitic people to India. After finishing by Indians, about 400 BC, about 40 letters were finally produced. With the different time and place, calligraphy and fonts are gradually different. Around the first century, Sanskrit in the north gradually became a square font, and Sanskrit in the south gradually became a round font. By the fourth century, the difference between the two was extremely obvious. Among them, the northern part developed into Gupta script from the 4th century to the 5th century, and Siddhartha letters were derived from Gupta script in the 6th century. Siddhartha letters were later introduced to China and Japan, and Gupta characters were also circulated in Qiuci and Khotan, forming special letters, which were adopted by various ancient languages in Central Asia.
Sanskrit grammar is similar to other ancient Indo-European languages (such as Latin and Greek), with complex morphological changes. Nouns have three properties (masculine, feminine and neutral), three numbers (singular, even and plural) and eight cases (nominative, accusative, instrumental, dative, possessive, locative and vocative). Verb inflections include singular, even and plural; Person has the first, second and third person; Time is divided into present tense, unfinished tense, perfect tense, indefinite past tense, future tense and hypothetical tense; The voice is active, intermediate and passive; Mood is divided into statement, subjunctive, imperative and imperative (subjunctive mood of indefinite past tense); In addition, suffixes can be divided into other positions and other positions.
In addition, Sanskrit has another feature different from other Indo-European languages, that is, tone sandhi, that is, when a suffix letter and a prefix letter are together in a sentence, it will change accordingly; In a word ... >>
Question 3: Sanskrit is the language of which country? It should be the language of ancient India. A large number of Buddhist scriptures are works of ancient India. Now it is estimated that only some researchers can identify it!
Question 4: What language is Sanskrit? Sanskrit is a language of the Aryan branch of Indo-European family and one of the oldest languages of Indo-European family. Sanskrit in a broad sense includes three kinds: Vedic Sanskrit, Epic Sanskrit and Classical Sanskrit, while Sanskrit in a narrow sense only refers to Classical Sanskrit. Among all the ancient languages in the world, Sanskrit literature is second only to Chinese, far more than Greek and Latin, and its content is extremely rich. Sanskrit became the main language for the reconstruction of Indo-European languages in the19th century. It is considered as the language of Brahma.
Question 5: What language is Sanskrit? Sanskrit
(Sanskrit) The standard language of ancient India. Also known as Tianzhu.
That is, the language used in Vedas, Sanskrit, forest books, Upanishads and Buddhist scriptures in the north. It belongs to the Indo-European language family. Sanskrit is from Sam! skr！ Ta (meaning complete). According to the legend created by Brahma in China and Japan, it is called Sanskrit or Holy Language. Compared with the common sayings used by ordinary people, Sanskrit is also called elegant language. Broadly speaking, it can be divided into Vedic Sanskrit and classical Sanskrit. The former is the language of the holy book of Brahmanism (Vedas); The latter was founded by the grammarian Bernie (Van ·pa^n! Ini) to standardize and set its performance. It is speculated that in about 2000 BC, Aryans invaded from northwest India, drove away the local aborigines, moved to the Five Rivers Valley (Van Gogh Pan ~ Jia B) in India, and began to compile four Vedas from Rigveda, and soon began to write Sanskrit books, forest books and Upanishads to explain the sacrificial words of Vedas. There is even a point to explain the essence of Sanskrit books (Van Gogh Su). The languages used in these scriptures have always been called ancient Sanskrit and Vedic Sanskrit, that is, from 1 1. In contrast, the languages used in India's two major epics Mahabharata and Ramayana belong to one of the classical Sanskrit, but they also contain a large number of them. About Sanskrit grammar books, there have been' words' since ancient times (Van Nihan! t！ U), in the 5th century BC, '(Van Nirukta' was the annotation of' vocabulary'. Later, according to Nerudo and referring to various grammar books, Polni wrote a statement and recorded the theory with the grammar of Benjing, which is called Pigaro Theory (Brahman Vya^karan! A), which was later annotated by Brahma Patan ~ Gali, so that the rhyme and grammar of ancient Indian articles can be determined; Therefore, through the evolution of the times, Vedic Sanskrit gradually developed into a stereotyped classical Sanskrit, and gradually separated from the daily language; It just changes a little and spreads for a long time. In eighteen kinds of Flanagan scriptures (van ·pura^n! A) The Sutra of Love (Fan Kama -s/A Stra) of the Body (Fan ka^vya), as well as Buddhist Sutras such as Ode to Buddha (Fan Buddha-Karita), Great Events (Fan Maha^vastu) and Bensheng Sutra (Fan Ja^takama^la^) are all in classical Sanskrit. In order to distinguish it from ancient Sanskrit, the Sanskrit used in Buddhist classics is called Buddhist Sanskrit. Because the Sanskrit used in Buddhist scriptures is not pure Sanskrit, it is a mixture of a large number of proverbs and presents a very complicated pattern, so it is also called Buddhism mixed Sanskrit. In the eighth century, Sanskrit was also used in Jainism classics. As the Indians spread southward to Southeast Asia, their writing became more and more difficult for the Southern Indo-Dra^vidian language (Van der Vader! A) Literature and the literature of Southeast Asian countries have great influence. Around the tenth century, due to the development of various dialects in modern India and the invasion of * * *, Sanskrit gradually lost its actual strength and existed only as a classical language. Most importantly, this language has a complicated grammatical system, which still exists among modern Indian intellectuals and is mainly used for writing. Sanskrit letters (Brahma aks! Ara) Count 47 tones, without am! , ah! ，ks！ Three tones are equal to 50 tones. Nouns, pronouns and adjectives are divided into sex, number and case. Among them, sex is male, female and neutral, the number is single, double and plural, and the case has body, occupation, preparation, action, subordination, genus, subordination and shout; Every Sanskrit has a suffix, including gender, numbers and case. Verbs are automatic and passive, tenses are past, present and future, and suffix changes. There are many books about Sanskrit in China, including Ten Volumes of Sanskrit (Chang Bao), The Sound and Meaning of Various Classics (Xuan Ying, Lin), The Sound and Meaning of Huayan Classics (Hui Yuan), Siddhartha Tanzi Collection (Guang Zhi), A Thousand Words of Sanskrit (Yijing) and The Collection of Translated Names (Fa Yun).
Question 6: What does Sanskrit mean?
Ancient Hindi, as described by Indian grammarians such as panini panini, is a classic language of India and Hinduism.
[Pinyin] [Fine yǔ]
Sanskrit is a language of Indo-European family and one of the oldest languages of Indo-European family. Like Latin, Sanskrit has become an academic and religious term.
Question 7: What's the difference between Hindi and Sanskrit? Just like the difference between Cantonese and Mandarin.
Question 8: What's the difference between Sanskrit and Pali? Sanskrit is a popular language in the upper classes of ancient India, while Pali is the language of ordinary people in ancient India. The Buddha preached in Pali.
Question 9: What is the linguistic name of Sanskrit? The languages of ancient India are divided into spoken and written languages, and the written language is called Sanskrit. To correct a concept, Sanskrit is not the language of Buddhism, but comes from ancient Brahmanism. India is a country where religion is greater than history, and most of the contents recorded in writing are related to religion, so Sanskrit is used by Buddhism to record the Confucian classic trilogy. This habit comes from the Aryan language family. The ancient Persians, also close relatives, were two branches of the Aryans and parted ways when they invaded the south at the same time. The written language used to record religions developed into Sanskrit in India and Avisto in ancient Persia, which was used to record Persian classic Avisto.
Question 10: What is Sanskrit? Sanskrit is the early name of Indian Aryans (about 1000 BC). The Hindu classic Vedas is written in Sanskrit, and its grammar and pronunciation are preserved as a religious ceremony. Sanskrit became the main language for the reconstruction of Indo-European languages in the19th century.