What is Liu Lingxian's evaluation? Selected poems of Liu Lingxian

Liu Lingxian, a poetess, is famous for writing "pink poems", which conforms to the literary fashion in the Qi and Liang Dynasties in the Southern Dynasties. At that time, people from emperors and nobles to Li all loved literature and art, and whoever knew the arty way would be promoted to a higher position and make a fortune. A literate person is a person in the imperial court, and dancing and writing are the capital to step into officialdom. Even the poetry critic Zhong Rong had to accept it. He described the literary atmosphere at that time in the preface to "Poetry": "It's shameful to write a book, and it will be embellished in the end, and it will be * * * at night." In this social background, as an official wife, Liu Lingxian will certainly keep pace with the times. Her "Guangzhai Temple" came into being as the times require: "The promenade is happy to watch, and the hall is welcoming. There is no sound in the room of He Dangqu. " Anyone who has read this poem will have the following ambiguous picture in his mind: at dusk, an intellectual woman with a delicate face came to Guangzhai Temple to burn incense and worship Buddha. Deep in the corridor, a handsome young monk winked at him, and the woman couldn't extricate herself immediately, so she followed the monk to the meditation room. ...

Such an interesting poem, written by a married woman, inevitably makes people think. Most readers in China, whether ancient or modern, keep this habit. Seeing the "out of line" behavior in the works naturally associates with the author's character. The so-called love me, love my dog is the truth. In the novel, readers with a little experience know that the plot inside is mostly fictional and exaggerated, and it has little to do with the author himself. In poetry, if readers find traces of "wandering in vain", they will think that the author's style is problematic without thinking. Gao Zhongwu in Tang Dynasty was a representative of readers in this field. When he read this "yellow poem", he was greatly annoyed and sarcastically said, "All women are in form and quality, and the meaning of words is also swaying." This means that if a poem is so vulgar, the person will degenerate. Wang Shizhen in the Qing Dynasty, on the other hand, was very graceful. He commented on the side: "It is the misfortune of a talented woman to encourage famous officials and ignore celebrities!" This means that Xu and his son (Xu Mian is Liu Fuling's father-in-law and Liu Fuling's husband) are both literary celebrities. How can they bring such a woman into the house? I really don't know whether to be sympathetic or sad.

After this song "Guangdian Temple" came out, it immediately became popular in the palace. Those nobles who live in the palace have long been tired of reading empty metaphysical literary works, and their pursuit of civilian life has reached the point of hunger. They saw this "popular literature" at a glance, and the lady bravely chased the handsome monk. This is really novel and biased. So they circulated to each other and often gathered in one place secretly for in-depth discussion and exchange. This underground way of literary communication has become a fashion. In the word-of-mouth craze of enthusiastic readers, Liu Lingxian became famous with a poem "Pink Poetry". The poem was rated as the best poem of the year, and was included in the authoritative collection of poems and songs at that time, Yu Tai Xin Yong. The second "Pink Poetry" written by Liu Lingxian is even more shocking, and it is called the first "Gay Poetry" in history by the busybodies. Liu Lingxian wrote in the poem "Pick a Gardenia and Thank Mother": "Although two leaves are gifts, friendship lasts forever. Where do you hate each other? Gardenia is the most important. " This poem was given by Liu Lingxian to a woman named Xie Niang. Literally, the poem "Gardenia" refers to lovers in the folk songs of the Southern Dynasties, and is a love poem written for lovers. However, later poetry researchers thought that it was a bit one-sided to say that Liu Lingxian had an ambiguous same-sex relationship with this Xie Niang just by virtue of "Gardenia". As mentioned at the beginning of the article, during the Qi and Liang Dynasties in the Southern Dynasties, Liu Lingxian had an open mind and a free and easy style of writing. The court turned a blind eye to what the literati wrote and how to write it. If there is a "intimate" title or a "radical" tone between the same sex in poetry, it may be just an illusion in the author's mind, which is called "my realm" in metaphysics, or it was popular at that time. As a new literary force at the forefront at that time, Liu Lingxian had many "bosom friends". In the works of contemporary poets Xie Huilian, Shen Yue and Yu Xin, the theme of homosexuality is involved to varying degrees. Therefore, it can be inferred that the mutual follow-up writing among scholars directly led to the wind of broadmindedness and freedom in the Southern Dynasties. This theme is not Liu Lingxian's "originality", let alone the author's "special hobby".

The title of banana leaves for people to see

Crying at night is no longer painful, and dreaming is too real. Only the pillow knew that night, and no one felt it.

"Take concentric gardenia and give it to Xie Niang with this poem."

Although two leaves are gifts, friendship has never been made. Where do you hate each other? Gardenia is the most important.

Guangzhai temple

The promenade is very nice to meet you, and the hall is very warm. He swung to the room, quiet and silent.

Revenge with Jieyu

When the sun sets, it's time to close the door, and all kinds of worries are born. The situation is approaching Zhaoyang, and the wind is blowing.

Spoiled is not annoying, and wasted is cruel. Just talk about arguments, not light dancing.

Listen to a hundred languages

The court tree has a new eye, and now it is carved in the mirror. The wind blows peaches and plums, and the sound of spring is heard.

Write Liu Yang, all Luo Binsheng. Pay attention to keep listening, and make up for mistakes.

Answer foreign poems

The host is beautiful, and the south is so glorious. Jathyapple released the goddess, and the morning glow was in Luofei.

It is more beautiful to look at the color in the mirror than to know right and wrong. The words are wonderful and good, even the class is obedient.

Although Zhifu is beautiful, the whole city dare not look at it.

The beautiful scenery of the flower court is oblique, and the blue is light and graceful. Sunset updates makeup and opens curtains for Haruki.

Singing in the leaves, playing in butterflies and flowers. Playing the piano should be fun, but worrying is not fun.

Good encounters are not far away, but good moments never happen. If you want to know more grievances, spring evening is deep.

Tanabata received Tang Niang's needle

Advocating people to help women in China, beautiful and beautiful. Even the needles learn from each other, and a hundred flowers blossom.

Widows never leave to renew their friendship. They hurt themselves with gifts. Although I don't know him, I heard that his family is good.

I stopped Huo Jun from riding and passed Liu Hui's car. There is no reason for a * * * language to temporarily watch the sun rise and shine.

Dedicated to Xu Jingye

Wei Liang has lived in Datong for five years, and the bride would like to suggest that she be imprisoned in the spirit of Xu Fujun:

Only when you have virtue, courtesy and wisdom can you be refined, learn better than mountains, and distinguish the same rivers and diarrhea. Bright and classic beauty, light and wild. When I fled Xu Zhong, my voice went up and down. Including Pandulu, Super Finals Mai Jia. When the second instrument is triggered, the judgment is divided into two parts. Jane is very virtuous, but she is a husband. External governance is nothing but service, while internal assistance is nothing. Fortunately, I have moved to Peng, and I am quite familiar with Lan Xun. Pass the harp and pay the grave. Furen is difficult to test, and the expression is easy to popularize. Hail breaks spring red, frost carves summer green. He who stoops to the upright will see for himself. At first glance, there is no redemption. Alas! Although life and death are different, love is still one. Dare to be the first, and adjust the ginger and orange by hand. Nothing was done, and the drinks overflowed. Serving Qi Mei in the past is different from today. Say goodbye to the army and think about architecture; It is still better to swim thin than to fly over the eaves and walk over the wall; If you use this tactic, you will be hurt forever. When is a hundred years? The spring points are the same.