Date of birth: 1799- 1837
Celebrity title: poet
Celebrity country: Russia (Russia)
Related introduction:
Russian poet. He was born in a noble family and was influenced by literature since he was a child. 18 1 1 entered huangcun school, which is closely related to party member in December, and influenced by bourgeois enlightenment. 18 16 joined the literary group Zamasu association. 18 17 worked in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs after graduation from Huangcun School.
18 19 became a member of the revolutionary peripheral organization "Green Light Society". During this period, he wrote the famous poems "Ode to Freedom", "To Chaadayev" and "The Country" which praised freedom and opposed tyranny. These poems were widely read by progressive young people, so he was exiled to southern Russia by the czar authorities.
During his exile, he wrote poems such as Short Sword, Caucasian Prisoner, Bandit Brothers, Tears of Salah and Bahce. 1824, he was imprisoned in the village of Mikhailovsk, and wrote a long poem "Tzgang", a historical drama "Boris Godunov" which explored the fate and historical role of the people, and a poetic novel "Count Nurin".
/kloc-after the failure of the inner-party uprising in February, the new czar Nicholas I pardoned Pushkin and recalled him to Moscow. The poet once had illusions about the new czar, hoping that he would become an enlightened monarch like Peter the Great, but at the same time, he could not forget the old friendly December Party members and wrote "To the Prisoner of Siberia" and "Alion".
1830 wrote four small tragedies and The Collection of Belgin's Novels in Pilkino Village, among which The Postman is the first work in Russian literature that reflects the fate of "little people".
Yevgeny onegin's poetic novel (1823 ~ 1830) was finally completed, and was praised as "the encyclopedia of Russian life" by belinsky. 183 1 married Goncharova, the first beauty in Moscow, and moved to Petersburg in May, still working in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. He wrote a long narrative poem The Bronze Knight, a novella The Queen of Spades, a fairy tale poem The Story of the Fisherman and the Golden Fish, a novella Dubrovski and a novel The Captain's Daughter reflecting the Bugattio Uprising. Modern people magazine was founded on 1836. 1837 was killed by the French exile dantes in a duel in February.
An overview of Pushkin and his poems
Pushkin (1799 ~ 1837) is an outstanding representative of Russian romantic literature, the founder of realistic literature and the founder of modern standard Russian. His works are the literary reflection of Russian national consciousness and aristocratic revolutionary movement. He laid the foundation of Russian literature and made outstanding achievements in many literary genres-lyric poetry, narrative poetry, poetic drama, novels, essays, fairy tales and so on. , provides a model for future writers. Therefore, he is called "the ancestor of Russian literature", "the great Russian people's poet" and "the sun of Russian poetry".
Pushkin put forward important issues of the times in his works: the relationship between autocratic system and people, the life path of nobles and peasants; It has created typical images with highly generalized significance: "redundant person", "money knight", "nobody" and the leader of the peasant movement. The presentation of these problems and the appearance of literary images have greatly promoted the progress of Russian social thought, helped to awaken the people and contributed to the development of Russian liberation movement. Pushkin's excellent works have achieved a high degree of unity of content and form. His lyric poems are rich in content, profound in emotion, flexible in form, exquisite in structure and beautiful in rhythm. His essays and novels have concentrated plots, neat structures and vivid and concise descriptions. Pushkin's creation has an important influence on the development of Russian realistic literature and world literature, and is called "the beginning of all beginnings" by Gorky.
1825, he wrote the historical tragedy Boris Godunov, based on the real events in Russian history at the end of 16 and the beginning of 17: 1598, the czar died, and his younger brother Vimitri had already been killed. So, the throne hung high, and the bishop asked the queen to ascend to the throne, the queen. In fact, the Queen's younger brother Boris Godunov has mastered the power of state affairs and religion. So Boris ascended the throne, and his series of policies caused dissatisfaction among the Russian people and domestic turmoil.
At this time, Gregory, a young monk from the Chutov Monastery in Moscow, heard historians say that Godonov had participated in the killing of Terry. He suddenly came up with a bold plan to pretend to be Dimitri and become a Russian czar. So he fled from the monastery to Poland. 1604, Gregory invaded Russia with the assistance of the Polish army. 1605, with the support of the people, Gregory invaded Moscow and became emperor. The theme of the script reflects the conflict between the people and the autocratic czar, and points out that the opposition of the people is the decisive force for regime change.
Yevgeni onegin is an outstanding work, which successfully created the image of the first "superfluous man" in Russian literary history. Onegin is an aristocratic youth with progressive thoughts. He is smart and full of energy, and he really wants to make a difference. Although he hates the hypocritical life of the upper class, he has no goal in life, and idles away his youth and life all day. He refused Daliana's love, but after Daliana married someone else, he turned to her and was rejected. He dueled with his friend for a trifle, killed his friend and regretted it very much afterwards. The image of onegin in Pushkin's works shows the ideological repression of the progressive aristocratic youth in Russia at that time.
Pushkin's last important work is the historical novel The Captain's Daughter. The story goes something like this:
The young aristocrat Greene took his servant Savirich to do military service. He sat in a carriage, got lost in the snowstorm and was taken to a hotel by a stranger. In the hotel, Greene saw the stranger was cold and gave him a rabbit fur coat. This man is pugachev. After arriving in orenburg, Greene was sent to Baishan fortress by the general. There, he fell in love with Captain mironov's daughter Maria. Soon, the rebels in pugachev captured the Baishan fortress and hanged the captain. After pugachev's defeat, Greene's husband was arrested and imprisoned for collaborating with the enemy. Maria saw Tsar yekaterina telling the truth, and Greene's husband was released. In this novel, Pushkin praises and praises pugachev, the leader of the peasant uprising, and portrays him as a hero who is confident, optimistic, amiable, loves freedom and deeply loved by the people. At the same time, it also condemned the tyranny and cruelty of the tsar, which was very bold at that time.
Selected poems of Pushkin
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