Return to the crown the next year.
Sikongtu
After the chaos, I burned a few books. Before the peak, I was still narcissistic.
Forget the machine, and you will be happy to meet fewer people. Look in the mirror and be kind to the crane.
The isolated island pond in spring is full of scars, and the small columns in the afternoon are full of flowers.
It takes a long time to escape fame, and it won't take long to come to the door.
Appreciation of Si Kongtu's Poems
Si Kongtu's poems are mostly leisurely and comfortable, but there are also sad works that reflect the reality of social unrest. This song "Returning to Wang Guan in the Second Year" is a work with both characteristics. It not only shows Si Kongtu's feelings of detachment and romantic scenery after his retirement, but also shows his anxiety and depression about social reality in a tortuous way, which embodies "meaning beyond rhyme" and "meaning beyond taste" and confirms his own poetry theory.
The title of the poem points out two points: First, the place where the poem was written, "Wang Guan", that is, Wangguan Valley, is located on Zhongtiao Mountain in the southeast of Yongji County, Shanxi Province, and is the hometown of Si Kongtu. Second, the time to write poetry. Si Kongtu abandoned his official position in the third year of Guangqi in Tang Xizong (887) and returned to Wang Guan. The following year was the fourth year of Guangqi (888). Therefore, the title of the poem is "Five applications in the spring of the fourth year of Guangqi", and Si Kongtu is 52 years old.
From the beginning, the poem shows that the author's former residence was seriously damaged after the war: "Several books were burned after the chaos." "Chaos" refers to the war, that is, the war between the peasant army of Huang Chao and the army of the Tang Dynasty. The war began in 875 and ended in 884. Yongji area in southern Shanxi and Guanzhong area in Shaanxi are the main battlefields. When the author returned to his hometown, although the war had subsided, his old home was looted by fire, leaving only a few broken books. The word "chaos" is shocking, and the word "burning" reminds people of the horrible scene of a raging fire, which can't help but shock. However, despite the war and looting, this is the hometown of poets, so there is a turning point behind the second sentence: "I am still narcissistic before the peak." Showed his persistent love for his hometown. At the time of writing this poem, the poet had lived in seclusion for a year, and his former residence had been renovated, so there was already "Lu" versus "Qing". This sentence reminds us of Tao Yuanming's poem Reading Shan Hai Jing:
"Xia Meng's house is surrounded by long vegetation and trees. Birds are happy to be entrusted, and I love my house. " Love My Family is obviously from Tao's poem. At this time, he and Tao Yuanming are in the same mood, that is, they are self-sufficient and comfortable after fleeing the officialdom and retiring to the countryside, but he is more indignant than Tao Yuanming, because the original excellent old residence was destroyed because of years of war. I can't help but feel sad when I think of so many troubles in the world and how difficult it is for individuals. The word "Youzi" is full of vicissitudes of life. These two sentences are abrupt, tortuous and endless, which play a role in mentioning one article and covering the whole poem.
Then, the poet expressed his feelings after retiring: "I forgot the opportunity and met fewer people, and looked at the mirror and felt sorry for the crane." The previous sentence shows his peace of mind in his old home after retirement. "Forgetting the machine" means not caring about it, not caring about all honors and disgraces. Because he lives in the mountains, he doesn't ask about politics, and there are few people coming and going, so he doesn't need to worry about it. The poet is very happy about it. From the subtext of this poem, we can see that the poet did his best in the political struggle before retiring. The fierce struggle, the precipitous situation and the poet's inner hatred are self-evident. And this is the real reason why the author retired. Therefore, he made a profound reflection on his past: I looked at myself in the mirror and saw such aging, feeling that the past was waiting for the arrival of the crane book in vain. "Crane Sparse" is a book of cranes, also called "Crane Head Book", which was used in ancient times to invite letters from sages. This is a painful confession, saying that he should not be rash and enterprising in the past and go out to be an official. Now that he is back, he will never go out to be an official again (although he has experienced twists and turns in the future, he has never gone out to be an official again). This couplet elegantly expresses the ambition of dying in the mountains, and also profoundly implies that the fundamental reason of "loving my family" is to escape unnecessary struggle and live in seclusion in the mountains.
The third part changes the style of writing, opens up a new realm with carefully written poems, and describes the beautiful scenery in "Lu", which is refreshing and pleasing to the eye. "In spring, the Gudaotang is full of scars, and in the afternoon, the pillars are full of flowers." These two sentences are intertextual, and the antithesis of each sentence is intertwined, which means that at noon in Chu Qing, the pond with an island is full of spring water, and the flowers in the small garden are in full bloom, which is more charming. The two poems are concise and vivid, and it can be inferred from the words "early afternoon" that it is still raining in the morning. The greasy spring rain fluttered, filled the spring pool and moistened the flowers (and of course the author's heart). At noon, the rain clouds opened, and the harmonious sunshine shone on the blue waves in the spring pool and the flowers with rain beads. Everything looks fresher and brighter. At the same time, Lonely Island and Xiaozhu complement each other, revealing vaguely the author's state of mind of enjoying the happiness in his old house in the mountains from the words of loneliness, smallness, fullness and rhyme. The two sentences are profound and the language is delicate. "The scenery that is difficult to write is like now, and there are endless opinions" (in Mei Yao Chen), which reflects the author's superb skills and can be called a good sentence. Wu Qiao, a poet in A Qing, said in Poems Around the Furnace: "Si Kongtu's beautiful sentences are great, noble and meticulous." That's what it means.
When the author was intoxicated with such beautiful scenery and lingered for a long time, he couldn't help but further express his attitude towards life in the last couplet: "Singing is adaptive and you don't have to come to the door for a long time." Escape from fame is a true story of law in the biography of Han Yi people: the people in the Eastern Han Dynasty were true in law, expensive in words, happy in life, quiet and without desire, and the court refused to possess them four times, so the world called it escape from fame. "You don't have to go to the door by coach." Tao Yuanming's poem "Reading the Classics of Mountains and Seas" was used: "Poor lanes are separated by deep roads, which is quite an old friend's car." In Selected Works, Tao Shi was commented: "As the saying goes in Han Dynasty, Zhang Fu followed his family, but he was in charge of the lane. Taking the mat as the door, there are many old people rutting outside. " Han Shi Zhuan: When Chu Kuang met his wife, he said: How deep the rut is outside the door. "Classic cars" refer to the cars of dignitaries, similar to Shi Tao's poems. By using allusions, the author euphemistically but firmly shows that he wants to be a hermit like Fazhen and Tao Yuanming, singing in the mountains, rather than interacting with dignitaries like Chen Ping. The "elder" here is obviously a concrete explanation of the "person" in "forgetting the opportunity and meeting less". It turns out that the poet has repeatedly said that he should isolate himself from the politics of the late Tang Dynasty, hide his former residence deeply, be proud of the mountains and forests, and spend his life leisurely.