The Prime Minister's Temple, now called Wuhou Temple, is located in the southern suburbs of Chengdu. Chengdu was the capital of the Han Dynasty during the Three Kingdoms period. Zhuge Liang presided over the state affairs here for more than 20 years, with remarkable achievements. When Li Xiong was king in Chengdu in Jin Dynasty, he built an ancestral temple for him. Later, Huan Wen Pingshu and Chengdu suffered great damage, only Wuhou Temple was intact. "Jinguan City" is another name of ancient Chengdu. Shu brocade is produced in Chengdu. In ancient times, there were special officials in charge. They live in a small city in Chengdu (the old big city and small city in Chengdu), so Chengdu is also called Jinguancheng, Jincheng or Jinli. Another way of saying it is because Chengdu is close to Jinjiang, where the mountains and rivers are as beautiful as embroidery, hence the name. "Dense" means that cypress trees grow tall and dense. According to The Scholars and Taiping Universe, there is a cypress tree in front of Wuhou Temple, which is said to have been planted by Zhuge Liang himself.
These are a few sentences. The first sentence "Where is the Hall of Fame" is asking yourself. Using the word "prime minister" instead of "scholarly" makes people feel very cordial. In particular, the word "Qiu" in it shows that this trip is a purposeful visit, not a casual stroll; Because Du Fu first arrived in Chengdu and was unfamiliar with the geographical environment, he wrote such a word "Qiu". This word search has rich meanings. It also strongly shows Du Fu's strong admiration and nostalgia for Zhuge Liang, and also shows that the Prime Minister's Temple is a place that poets have long yearned for and want to visit. The last sentence is "in a deep pine forest near the Silk City". This is what the poet expected. It is about the location of the ancestral temple of the Prime Minister, pointing out the location of the ancestral temple to echo the previous sentence. The word "Bai Sensen" also renders a quiet and solemn atmosphere. These two poems, which are directly titled as "scholarly", are very prominent and use narrative and descriptive pen and ink.
The second pair of couplets, "Spring grass dyes the steps, birds sing under the leaves", is bright in color, clear in rhyme, quiet and natural, which makes the spring scenery of Wuhou Temple infinitely beautiful. However, the spring of nature has come, but the hope of rejuvenating the motherland is very slim. Thought of here, the poet inevitably has a sad feeling, so it is said that the intertextuality of "spring scenery" and "empty but good sound", "self" and "emptiness" describes a quiet and motionless environment. The poet infiltrated his subjective feelings into the objective scenery, traded in the scenery, and conveyed his inner sadness from the description of the scenery, which reflected the patriotic spirit of the poet concerned about the country and the people. Through the refraction of this patriotic thought, the image of Zhuge Liang in the poet's eyes is more brilliant.
"Three visits" refers to Liu Bei's three visits when Zhuge Liang lived in seclusion in Nanyang. Zhuge Liang's "Model" said: "The first emperor was not mean to his ministers, he wronged himself and cared for his ministers in the grass." "repeatedly annoyed", repeatedly annoyed. On the other hand, see Wang Shihan's poetics compilation in Qing Dynasty. Wang Shihan thought that "constant annoyance" was a common saying in the Tang Dynasty, and its meaning was similar to "solemnity". "World Plan" refers to the strategy of unifying the world. Specifically, this refers to Zhuge Liang's strategy of taking Jingzhou and Yizhou as bases, rectifying internal affairs, linking Sun Quan in the east and Cao Cao in the north, and then unifying the world. "Two Dynasties" refers to two generations of former Shu ruler Liu Bei and later Shu ruler Liu Chan. "Open economy" and "opening to the outside world" refer to helping Liu Bei start a foundation; "Aid" refers to helping Liu Chan cope with difficulties and dangers. "Economy" means completion, which can also be interpreted as persistence and success. "The heart of an old minister" refers to Zhuge Liang's spirit of being loyal to Shu Han, doing his best and dying.
These two sentences are particularly heavy and rich in meaning, which not only vividly expresses Zhuge Wuhou's great talent, the hardships of serving the country and his lifelong achievements, but also vividly shows his unswerving spirit and character. At the same time, he solemnly revealed the reasons why the poet admired Zhuge Wuhou. Because this couplet is the focus and core of the whole poem, the poet secretly carried the axe pound from the beginning, constantly creating momentum and circling all the way, which made the focus stand out and used powerful pen and ink. This is also in line with the writing principle of "one strong and one weak" in rhyme. This couplet is also an example of Du Fu's comments on poetry. Originally, lyricism is a prominent feature of poetry, which is generally not discussed. However, in this respect, Du Fu broke the routine and often put arguments into his poems, which not only made his poems unique, but also embodied a skill of Du Fu's poems.
"Die unconquered, heroes shed tears" and "arise" refer to the fact that Zhuge Liang went to Qishan six times to crusade against Wei. In the twelfth year of Jian Xing (234), the ruler of the last years of Shu and Han Dynasties, he took command of the army, then went out of Xiegu, occupied Wuzhangyuan, and stayed at loggerheads with Sima Yi across the Weihe River for more than a hundred days. In August, he died in the army. "Hero" here generally refers to people with lofty ideals who cherish the memory of Zhuge Liang, including the poet himself. These two sentences are followed by five or six sentences, which shows the poet's lofty admiration for Zhuge Liang's dedication and his regret for his unfinished business.
This poem is divided into two parts. The first four sentences pay tribute to the ancestral temple of the Prime Minister, which reflects the reality from the description of the scenery and reveals the poet's concern for the country and the people; The last four sentences praise the talent of the Prime Minister and cherish the memory of the sages from historical recollection, which contain many expectations and longings for the destiny of the motherland. The whole poem has profound implications and profound sustenance, resulting in a deep and sad artistic conception. In a word, this seven laws discourse is very simple, but it has a large capacity and a high degree of generalization. In just 56 words, it tells the story of Zhuge Liang's life and shows readers an immortal Zhuge Liang. When patriots and ordinary readers of later generations recited this poem, they felt reverence for Zhuge Liang. Especially when I read the sentence "But before he conquered, he was dead, and the heroes cried on their coats", I couldn't help crying.
In artistic expression, questions are answered by themselves, facts are sketched, scenes are blended, narration and discussion are combined, the structure is seamless, the levels are agitated, and there is a language charm of refining words and cutting sentences and harmonious tone, which makes people sigh and have endless aftertaste. Du Fu's poems are called "gloomy and frustrated", and the book is a typical representative.
By visiting historical sites, this poem expresses the praise of Zhuge Liang's outstanding talent and loyalty to the country, and regrets that he died before he made a good start.