Mei in poetry;
☆ A strip of cold plum and white jade, near the village road and beside the stream bridge. I don't know if I started spraying water recently, but I suspect it didn't sell after the winter snow. (Zhang Wei called it "early plum")
☆ Flowers bloom in Meiling, but snow does not bloom in Tianshan Mountain. Snow is full of flowers, and lace is like snow. Because the wind enters the dance sleeves, the powder is mixed with the dressing table. The Huns came to Wan Li several times, all in spring. (Lu, "Plum Blossom Fall")
☆ The prince of Wu was drunk for more than ten miles. According to Ye, there are many clothes now. After the rain, it won't go with the birds. Suspicion of passers-by by by the wind Sorrow, pity, pink, gorgeous songs. Love Leng Xiang, pour the bottle. Send whatever you want, there is no good letter. It's melancholy and dusk for you. (Plum blossoms in Luo Yin)
Plum blossom: the spokesman of virtue and integrity
☆ Plum blossoms have been endowed with virtues since ancient times, and there are many auspicious and festive customs among the people. Plum blossom is noble, noble, beautiful, elegant and persistent, with good color, fragrance, rhyme and posture, especially its character of budding in ice and blooming in snow, which is loved by countless people with lofty ideals.
☆ The ancients thought that "Mei has four virtues, life is like yuan, flowers are like constant, fruits are good, and maturity is like chastity". Plum blossoms open five petals, symbolizing happiness, happiness, longevity, smoothness and peace. It is said that plum blossoms bloom in Five Blessingg. The patterns of magpies chirping merrily on plum branches are often called "Happy early spring", "beaming" and "beaming", which are homophonic or moral. Auspicious patterns also include "double happiness of bamboo and plum", which consists of bamboo and plum and two pairs of magpies, bamboo husbands and plum wives, and are often used to celebrate the New Year. "The north wind blows down people, and the ancient wood is as strong as iron; A flower in spring, snow in Wan Li. " People call pine, bamboo and plum "three friends of the old cold", respect plum, orchid, bamboo and chrysanthemum as "four gentlemen", appreciate plum blossom's noble, elegant, cold and firm, and regard it as a confidant and gentleman.
☆ Lu Xun once brilliantly used plum blossom as a metaphor: "China is really like a plum tree. Seeing that it is going to be old and decadent, suddenly one or two new buds will grow and return to the scene of flowers and lush green leaves. " He also asked someone to stamp him with a stone seal of "only plum blossom is a bosom friend" to express his noble feelings.
☆ Wang Mingqi's "Three Talents Map" thinks: "Mei is expensive, rare but not complicated, old and tender, thin and fat, rich but not expensive. In the Ming Dynasty, Li Yu once talked about appreciating plums: "The wind sends fragrance, and the fragrance comes to the cold; "Snow helps flowers, and snow freezes flowers." Mei is proud but not vulgar. Its color is white with green, wintersweet is yellow as wax, and its aroma is rich. Mei shou can be over a thousand years old, with crooked branches and ancient postures. The colder the fragrance, the more charming it is, and the cold wind is quite arrogant, which makes it worse. Mei is not afraid of cold, but comes from nature, and the coldness and fragrance are even more amazing. Walking in the snow in Xun Mei, she breathed and condensed fragrance, full of charming colors and elegance.
☆ As early as Wei and Jin Dynasties, plum blossom was written into poetry. People first recognized and described it as an ordinary spring flower and spring tree. Later, plum blossom gradually rose to an independent aesthetic expression object, not just as an ornament of spring scenery. Bao Zhao in Southern Dynasties endowed plum blossom with noble character in Plum Blossom Fall. (The following is taken from the online article "Plum Blossom Images in Song Poetry")
☆ In the Song Dynasty, poets who lived in a dirty world and could not stretch their ambitions formed an indissoluble bond with plum blossoms. They saw plum blossom in full bloom in first frost season, proud of the cold snow and fragrant, so they interpreted it as a noble sentiment, chastity and self-love, and compared their virtues with plum. In the mid-Northern Song Dynasty, the image of a gentleman in Meihua was further deepened through the chanting of Su Shi and others. Su Shi has created a large number of Yongmei poems, which are strongly subjective. On the one hand, like his predecessors, he vividly showed the poet's narcissistic, quiet and self-sufficient personality and interest, on the other hand, he also entrusted his deep loneliness and loneliness that he did not want to give up.
☆ During the Southern Song Dynasty, the country was in turmoil, the society was in turmoil, and the indigenous class was scattered and scattered. When poets are frustrated, they feel that the world is unhappy. Moreover, influenced by the Taoist philosophy of carefree and comfortable life, many poets are attached to the mountains and long for a clean and inaction life, so in Yongmei's poems, another plum blossom image-the image of hermit's high comfort appears.
☆ The three images of gentleman, hermit, virgin and plum blossom can be integrated because they all have the core of * * *-symbol of chastity. It is another important image in ancient poetry to express grief for distant friends by plum blossom. The poet is not only describing Mei's physical state, but more importantly, expressing his feelings and paying tribute by Mei. Yongmei's poems are different from ordinary poems about things, mainly because the beauty of chanting things in poems has become the objective counterpart of the poet's mind, and has accumulated profound meanings from generation to generation, reflecting the independent and arrogant spiritual realm of traditional China literati.
Liu: "I heard the willow break in this serenade, and no one can stand homesickness." ☆ "Plum blossoms in Saibei play Qiangdi, and Guishan dialect in Huainan. Please don't put the old songs together to listen to the new Yang Liuzhi. (Liu Yuxi's "Yang Liuzhi Ci") "
Liu Jin has a lingering voice, and the poem "Folding the willow to bid farewell" is suggestive, expressing the sadness when leaving and the kindness between friends. Write autumn willow, compared with spring willow. The prosperity of willow in spring reflects the decline of willow in autumn; The more prosperous and proud the spring is, the more haggard the autumn willows are. Both of them are chanting willow, but the poet shows completely different feelings: writing spring willow highlights his joy and love for the prosperity of spring willow; Writing autumn willows is the poet's lament over the decline of autumn willows.
Grass: "Wang Sun can't swim back, but spring grass grows." The color of the grass is deep, suggesting sadness and thinking away from the crowd. In ancient poetry, whenever we write about leaving for a long journey, expressing sorrow and not hating, we always take grass as our sustenance or background.
Please refer to Jin Kaicheng's Talking about Grass in Poetry on /ddxr/PE _ jkch 1.htm.