Beat is a pattern in which stress appears repeatedly at a certain time interval according to the time signature, or it is a fixed sequence of repeated strong and weak sounds. Every beat consists of a unit with a fixed time value, and this beat unit is called time. The duration of a beat can be a quarter note, a half note or an eighth note. Beats are usually marked by fractions, numerator indicates the number of unit beats in each bar, denominator indicates the duration of the notes in unit beats, for example, 2/4, which means "there are two beats in each bar, and each beat is a quarter note", or simply "there are two quarter notes in each bar". The following are some common beats: even-numbered beats, including 2/2 (with two semitones in each bar), 2/4, 4/4, 4/8 (with four octaves in each bar), etc. These even-numbered beats are symmetrical and have the characteristics of marching; Odd-numbered categories, including 3/2 (each bar has three binary notes), 3/4, 3/8, 6/4, 6/8, 9/8, etc. They sound rotary, so they are often related to dance music. In addition to the above 2/4 and 3/4, there are bar lines, which are short vertical lines that divide the notes into regular units with alternating strengths and weaknesses, which looks intuitive. Usually, the first beat behind the bar line is a strong beat, such as 2/4, which is a common rhythm of marching music. It is a strong and weak alternation, while 3/4, such as waltz, is a strong and weak alternation. If there are more than three beats, there will be two different strong beats, such as 4/4, which is strong-weak and second strong-weak; 6/8 is strong-weak-weak; Second strong-weak-weak. In fact, this is just a concept of rhythm, and music may not be like this. Apart from the free form in folk music, many composers, in order to give people a sense of freshness, just want to break the regularity of rhythm, flash past where the beat is strong, but suddenly come to the listener in the weak beat position, which makes the listener unexpected.
speed refers to the rate of beat. It can be roughly divided into three categories: slow, fast and moderate. The speed term is usually written at the beginning of the score, which is mostly Italian (sometimes in the native language). Commonly used speed marks are as follows:
slow class:
Large wide board
Grave is very slow, solemn and slow
Lento adagio adagio
medium speed class:
Andante andantino andantino
Moderato medium board
. > Fast category:
Allegro Allegro Allegro
Allegro Allegro
Allegro Allegro p>Allgero molto
Vivace lively and brisk
Presto Allegro
Prestisimo Allegro
Speed is an important content of music rhythm. It is also a triple beat. With fast speed, it will give people a lively and lively feeling, while with slow speed, you will get an elegant and leisurely effect. Usually, the fast pace is more exciting, which corresponds to our heartbeat and breathing during intense exercise, while the slow pace makes people calm and emotionally stable. To put it bluntly, expressing excitement, excitement, joy and liveliness is in line with fast speed; The performance of sunny and spring scenery in the garden is often matched with moderate speed, while grand carols, sad elegies and deep memories are mostly matched with slow speed.
The characteristics of poetry and music performance are stipulated to be integrated in rhythm, an artistic function. The rhythm of poetry can only pay attention to rhythm in the five or seven words of China's poetry; They have an inevitable pause on the third word and the fifth word, that is, "bending over", which is an irreplaceable factor in rhythm. The stress of English poetry is obvious, so their poems can move forward by rhythm even if they don't stress the rhyme; French poetry, on the other hand, depends on the ending rhyme, because the stress of its language is not obvious-the same characteristic of Chinese, that is, the flatness is not obvious, which makes the rhyme of poetry necessary.