Chinese I test questions
I. Language use (15)
1. Fill in the blanks in the following paragraphs in turn. The most suitable group is (3 points).
The loss of M370 has become an unsolved mystery. In the eyes of some people, 239 people were killed by Malaysia Airlines. It is Malaysia Airlines' responsibility to announce the details in time, but the fact is that Malaysia Airlines has not done so. On the other hand, many countries actively participate in search and rescue activities. Countries have used high-tech equipment in many fields, from space and air to ocean and underwater, and carried out new international searches.
A. Ignoring things against one's will is unprecedented in history. B.
C. ignore the unexpected, shake off the past and shine today. D. ignore the unexpected and unprecedented.
2. Among the following items, the one that is not bad is (3 points).
A. In the process of rapid economic development in China, emerging Internet elites are interpreting the general trend of the times with their brand-new ideas and unique ways.
B. In order to reduce the concentration of fine particulate matter (PM2.5), Beijing will further eliminate polluting enterprises that do not meet the functions of the capital and control industrial pollution in Beijing with the strictest standards in the world.
C. I don't know when our ancestors have been ignored by us. They are so far away from us that we don't know how lonely and sad they are.
D In the face of this sudden disaster, the municipal party committee and government not only showed due sense of responsibility and responsibility, but also the media showed rare tolerance and sincerity.
3. Fill in the blanks with horizontal lines in turn. The most suitable group is (3 points).
A person's determination to engage in spiritual exploration and cultural creation should be based on his inner spiritual needs. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Therefore, a self-help person is calm when facing the outside world.
(1) Between spiritual life and secular life, his value orientation is clear and there will be no substantive confusion.
(2) He almost certainly has great confusion within the scope of his spiritual life.
He is doing what he wants to do most in his life, but he can't help doing it. As long as the environment allows him to do it, what is the loss?
Therefore, for him, no matter what the world is like, he must save himself, and only by saving himself can he live.
(5) Zhang San abandoned Wen to do business and became a rich man, while Li Si became a big shot. What does all this have to do with him?
A.①④②⑤③ B.①②⑤③④ C.②④①⑤③ D.③⑤②①④
4. The following poem is a neat antithesis of "fine water floating flowers and different streams" (3 points)
A. The blue sky is like water leaning against the red building B. Breaking the clouds and rain into the lonely village
C. cold red tears and charming cries D. geese are fascinated by cold rain and empty trenches
5. The following poem is improperly quoted (3 points)
A "It's better to plan ahead than to plan ahead, and don't dig wells when you are thirsty". It has become common sense that the safety education for teenagers should be carried out as early as possible, instead of making up lessons after the danger appears.
B. Now some people can't see the development and progress of things and just complain and complain. In this regard, we should kindly remind them: "The resentment is too strong to prevent heartbroken, and it is appropriate to watch the scenery."
C. Liu Ling, one of the seven sages of bamboo forest, is brilliant, bold and uninhibited, preaches Taoist thoughts and despises secular etiquette. As the saying goes, "big banks don't care about details, and big gifts don't hesitate to make small concessions."
D. "stones from other mountains can attack jade." We reprint this article introducing the development experience of German enterprises, hoping that domestic enterprises will pay more attention to management details and improve product quality.
Second, classical Chinese reading (18 points)
Read the following classical Chinese and complete questions 6 ~ 9.
Kurt Sun
Su Xun
People and soldiers all over the world, how many people say I can't? How many people want writing instead of poverty? How many people say that they are not poor? Oh! As for those that are useful but not bad, I don't know.
(2) "Thirteen Chapters of Sun Wu" was taken as a teacher by military strategists. However, in my opinion, his words are heroic! His book theory is mysterious and mysterious, which is rare for those who have written books with soldiers since ancient times. Deal with a man as he deals with you. I have to say that he has infinite talent for dealing with the enemy. I don't know if it is impossible to use force, which is far from what the book says.
(3) the prince He Lv into ying also, tachileik general. However, the Qin and Chu armies were defeated, and the king of Yue entered the customs, which caused domestic troubles and foreign invasion. Once, King Wu Ran escaped and saved himself. Wu Shu has no plans to disrupt the chaos. If Wu's fall is accused according to the Book of Wu, there are three things. "nine places" said: "if you threaten the enemy, you will not make friends." Qin, the military envoy, had to listen to Bao Xu and send troops to save Chu. He doesn't care about Wu's heart, nor is he arrogant. This is a loss. "The Story of War" said: "A teacher who is violent for a long time will be blunt, and the princes will take advantage of it." Moreover, it is a long period of violence to destroy Chu in winter for nine years and return it in autumn for ten years. The more people who can enter the country without a room! It is also a loss. He also said, "Those who kill the enemy are also angry." Today, Wu Zongzi Xu and the king of whipping the corpse took revenge. Today, Sima Shu, Zi, and Zhang will die and get revenge. Gou Jian didn't destroy the old tomb (1) and Five Blessingg and Tian Dan praised Xie Yan for digging the tomb and working hard, knowing the plan and staying away. If you don't reach this goal, you will lose three.
(4) However, when I first entered Ying, I was angry with Xu, Hao, Tang and Cai, and took advantage of Chu's cruelty. A husband takes martial arts as his own book, not for his own defeat. What's more, it's just a matter of wisdom and redundancy of ancestors!
(5) Wuqi and Wu, who are one, both write books and talk about soldiers, and are known as "Sun Wu". But Wu Qizhi's words are also military, ignoring the rule of law, and Cao is slightly undisciplined. If you don't write the words of Wu, all the words of the world are contained.
⑥ But Wu Zailu began to use it and broke it; And into Wei, and can make chi; When you enter Chu, Chu will conquer. What Wu did was the opposite, and the book was not credible and solid.
(Selected from the "Right Book", with deletion)
Note the old tomb: This refers to the tomb of the Prince of Wu.
6. The following words are not correctly explained (3 points).
A. Wu Shu has no plan to destroy chaos: destroy it.
B. threatening the enemy and not making friends: fighting.
C the situation is that our ancestors were so wise and redundant, but we could learn from them: follow the trend.
D. the grass is a little out of control: short-lived
7. Among the following sentences, the one with the same meaning and usage is (3 points).
A. A few people who want to use it but are not poor. B. Military strategists learn from it.
Gou Jian didn't destroy the old tomb, and Wu Fu died according to the Book of Wu.
C.it lost one. D. as for those who are not poor, I have no problem.
Those who kill the enemy are angry but not in groups.
8. Translate underlined sentences into modern Chinese. (8 points)
(1) A teacher who has been violent for a long time, bluntly frustrated, and the princes took advantage of it. (4 points)
(2) A husband should take soldiers as a book, and he should not use them to defeat himself. (4 points)
9. In paragraph (3), Su Xun listed Sun Wu's "three lost" in different articles, which shows his views on Sun Wu. Please summarize it in one sentence. (4 points)
Iii. Appreciation of Ancient Poetry (1 1)
10. Read the following Song Ci, and then answer this question.
Niannujiao (1)
Ye Mengde in Southern Song Dynasty
Yunfeng rises horizontally, blocking Wuguan on three sides, which is really a stunner. Roll back and regain the tide, full of eyes, autumn water sticks to the sky without walls. People with green temples return, and now there are thousands of stems of snow. Pursuing a dream, Yu Shi is outstanding.
Heard that a toast, Sun Lang (2) hate all his life, Long song. In Wan Liyun Tun, it's getting late and the sunset is shining with colorful flags. Advocating high wind, thinking ahead, laughing and swallowing poor hair. At that time, I took photos. Who asked Shanyue again?
Note (1) This word was written by the author when he visited Beigushan Mountain in Zhenjiang. At that time, he knew Jiankangfu (now Nanjing). (2) Sun Lang, Sun Ce, used to bring wine to this mountain.
(1) What are the two techniques used in "Qingan returned to human beings, and now there are thousands of stems of snow"? (2 points)
(2) The next part of the word uses the combination of reality and fiction, please analyze it in detail. (5 points)
(3) What emotions does the poem express? (4 points)
Four, the memory of famous sentences and famous articles (8 points)
1 1. Fill in the blanks in the following famous sentences and articles. (8 points)
(1) Crab Six Kneeling Two Pliers, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. (Xunzi's "Encouraging Learning")
(2) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (Su Shi's Ode to the Red Wall)
(3) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _, I often pick up the wine and drink it all by myself. (Bai Juyi's Pipa Trip)
(4) Banquet in the general corner, laughing and laughing. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _, forget it. (The Book of Songs Feng Wei Meng)
(5) The former should shout, while the latter should, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (preface to the drunken pavilion by Ouyang Xiu)
(6) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ()
(7) Confucius went to Dongshan for a small trip, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. ("Mencius with all his heart")
(8) Yu Xia scattered into a beautiful scenery, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. (Xie Tiao's "Going to Sanshan and Returning to Wangjing Late")
Verb (abbreviation of verb) Modern Chinese Reading (1) (20 points)
Read the following works and complete 12 ~ 15.
Westminster Abbey (Excerpt)
Washington Irvine
It was late autumn, and the weather was solemn and slightly melancholy. The shadow of the morning and the shadow of the evening are almost connected and inseparable. On this day, I walked in Westminster Abbey for several hours. The ancient temple is magnificent and unforgettable, just right for the gloomy season; Stepping into the gate, I feel that I am in ancient times and forgotten in the ghosts of the ancients.
(2) I walked in from the inner court of Westminster School. I first walked through a short corridor with an arc at the top. The wall is very thick, with round holes on it, and a little light comes in. The corridor is dark, like walking underground. At the end of the black gallery, I can see the arcade in the distance. I entered the ancient temple from the road where the temple ruins were located. The scene is particularly bleak, and my heart is more suitable for meditation on the desolate side. This arcade still retains the tranquility of that year. It is also obvious that the gray walls, steamed by the musty smell, have become mottled, old and decadent. There is a layer of white moss on the wall. Not only is the inscription unreadable, but even the skull and other mourning signs are blurred. The top of the arc is covered with carved patterns, but the marks of the axe drill are blurred; Roses are carved on the arch stone, but the branches and leaves are too beautiful to be seen anymore. Everything can be seen as a sign of aging, but even in decay, there are still many wonderful and pleasing to the eye
(3) A touch of yellow sunshine with autumn is pouring down from the arcade square, shining on a sparse grass garden in the center of the arcade, and at the same time, it also puts a layer of gloomy brilliance on the corner of the arcade. Looking up from the arcade, you can catch a glimpse of a blue sky, or floating clouds, and the top tower of the temple, which is covered with sunlight and extends to the blue sky, is also towering into the sky.
I wandered among the arcades, sometimes meditating on this splendid and decadent scene, and sometimes trying to identify the inscription on the tombstone. The road under my feet is full of tombstones, and there are three relief images on the tombstones that attract my attention. The sculptor is very rough, and after several generations of trampling, he has almost worn it out. This is an earlier portrait of three abbots, whose epitaphs have been polished, leaving only three names, which were undoubtedly re-engraved later. I stayed for a while, staring at these mutilated remains of the ancients, and I couldn't help thinking. They are like rotting ships, washed to the distant shore by the torrent of time: they didn't tell you any stories, only that these people once lived, but now they are gone. If they contain any moral lessons, it is only through epitaphs that they satirize the proud emptiness of wanting to be respected and survive after death. After a period of time, even these remaining records will disappear, and the monument will not be commemorated. I was looking down at these tombstones when suddenly templo mayor's bell rang in my ear, echoing between the city walls and the whole arcade. The bells from the cemetery are really creepy. It warns you that another hour has passed, and the passage of time is like a big wave, which keeps rolling us to the grave. I walked on until I came to an arch leading to the inner court of the temple. I stepped into the building, and the buildings inside were magnificent and impressive against the backdrop of the arcade. Tourists looked up and saw huge columns with unattainable arch beams, which made them jumpy. These buildings are also built by hand, but people wandering under the colonnade seem to have shrunk to a negligible extent. This big temple is empty and dark, which makes people feel a deep and mysterious sense of awe.
Now these great men are just curled up in the mud. When they were alive, England was not enough for them to gallop. Now, according to economic principles, they only get such a small piece of land, such a barren and dark corner. They once tried to make their own names occupy the thoughts of generations and win the admiration of all. Now, on their graves, they try their best to carve all kinds of decorations, just to attract tourists to have a casual look, so as not to forget their names in just a few years. After reading these, I almost can't help but smile when I think of the emptiness of life.
(translated by Ji Cheyenne)
12. The first paragraph is elegant and rich in scenes. Please make a concrete analysis according to the content of the article. (6 points)
13. The third paragraph describes the colorful autumn scenery around Westminster Abbey. Please analyze its function. (4 points)
14. Explain the meaning of the underlined sentence in the fourth paragraph. (4 points)
15. Explore the author's feelings about history and life when he visited Westminster Abbey. (6 points)
Six, modern reading (2)
Read the following works and complete 16 ~ 18 (18 points).
What is the deepest soul in China's paintings? Answer: It neither worships and imitates the world as a limited and perfect reality, nor makes endless pursuit of an endless world, feeling bored and annoyed. The spirit it shows is a kind of "deep and silent integration with this infinite nature and infinite space, and integration with the body". The realm it inspires is static, because the universe that operates according to the laws of nature is dynamic and static, and so is life that is integrated with the natural spirit. The landscapes, figures, flowers, birds, insects and fish it describes are full of life-vivid charm. However, because nature follows the law and the painter has a tacit understanding of nature, there is a deep silence lurking in the picture. Even the flowers, birds, insects and fish in the ruler's frame seem to sink into the boundless space of the universe and be forgotten, with a broad and profound artistic conception. It shows infinite silence, and it also shows that it is the deepest and most lasting structure in nature. Just like Plato's idea, even if heaven and earth are destroyed, the idea of this mountain and this water is indestructible.
China people think that the depth of the universe is an invisible and colorless void, but this void is the source of all things, the root of all things, and endless creativity. Laozi and Zhuangzi are called Tao, nature and nothingness, and Confucianism is called Heaven. Everything is born out of nothing and returns to nothing. So the blank on the paper is the real foundation of Chinese painting. Western oil paintings are first painted in various colors at the bottom of the painting, and then on it, according to the far-near method, the real scene that can be seen and touched by the hand is shown. Its field is a limited and specific field in the world. In Chinese painting, several characters are randomly placed on the blank. I don't know whether the characters are in space or space is obvious because of the characters. Man and space are integrated into one, endless and lifelike. We feel that in this boundless world, there are only a few people, and not too few. And these people don't feel that there is no world in this blank environment. Because the blank at the bottom of Chinese painting is not a vacuum in the whole artistic conception of painting, but a place where the universe is full of aura and life flows. Da Zhongguang said: "The virtual and the real are born together, and there is no painting, which is wonderful." This kind of blank without painting is the "nothingness" in Laozi and Zhuangzi's worldview.
China's landscape painting is the most objective, which transcends personal subjective position to describe the natural mountains and rivers. Or climb high and overlook the smoke scene, boundless space and muddy atmosphere of Yunshan. The whole world is the background of this Yunshan. China painters don't take the specific natural scenery of a region as a "model", but describe it by sitting, which makes the painting scene opposite to the viewer and the author. The scenery of Chinese painting is often desolate and cold, like a primitive world, with no traces of people, no authors, no viewers, just a natural ontology and natural life. Therefore, although there are shades of yin and yang, the distance is large and small, but we do not look at various shadows such as western oil paintings from a fixed angle. The standpoint and starting point of western painting and Chinese painting in observing the universe are fundamentally different. First, the concrete and elusive space is represented by lines and light. One is the infinite universe in the infinite space, in which the scenery is bright and dark. Some people tried to combine Chinese and western painting methods in a painting, but they all failed because they didn't notice the different positions of the universe. Chinese painting is not without the writer's personality, and his spiritual characteristics have long been completely transformed into pen and ink. Sometimes, pinning on one or two people, unaware that the middle of mountains and rivers, such as trees like stones, like water like clouds, is an integral part of nature.
(Excerpt from Zong Baihua's Aesthetic Walking, partially abridged)
16. Combined with the first paragraph of the article, talk about your understanding of "quietness" in China's paintings. (6 points)
17. Briefly analyze the discussion level in the second paragraph. (6 points)
18. What are the main differences between western painting and Chinese painting? (6 points)
Seven, composition (70 points)
19. According to the following materials, choose the angle, write a topic by yourself, and write an article of not less than 800 words; Style is not limited, except poetry.
Zhang Ailing said: "Be famous early."
There is also a saying in Weiqi: "If you are not a national player at the age of 20, you will be hopeless for life."
When the famous painter Qi Baishi was 57 years old, his paintings were not appreciated.
Senior three Chinese final examination paper reference answer
1.d (ignore: don't pay attention, don't pay attention; Neglect: to look at coldly without paying attention. Unexpected: the quality of things, the change of situation, the size of quantity, etc. Out of people's expectation; Out of people's expectation. Contrary to one's own will: the fact is contrary to one's own will, which means that what one intended to do was not done. Unprecedented: something that has never happened in history means unprecedented. Shake the past, dazzle the present, and describe a career or achievement as very great. )
2.A (B) Improper collocation of verbs and objects, "reducing the harm of" or "reducing the concentration of"; Component c is incomplete, and "we" is added after "so"; D related words are not in place, "not only" is moved to the front of "municipal party Committee and municipal government")
3.C
4.b (The word "water" in Han Wo's "The End of Spring" is repeated, and the artistic conception is inappropriate; C "angular stripe color" and "turtle tip" are not antagonistic, even; D "Wild geese over cold rain fans" and "fine water floating flowers" are not opposed)
5.c (meaning that people who do great things don't stick to details, and people who have great manners don't blame small mistakes. )
Step 6 make friends
7.C(A) means turning point, but/means cause and effect, so b) preposition, ba/conjunction and c) all mean judging d) pronoun, which is meaningless between subject and predicate.
8.( 1) When you send troops abroad for a long time, your military strength is damaged (translated as "destroying weapons") and your spirit is frustrated (translated as "low morale" in intertextuality), other countries will attack you when you are tired. (1 point is "violent teacher", "blunt soldier", "frustrated sharp" and "shortcomings" respectively)
(2) Sun Wu's ability to write Sun Tzu's Art of War failed because he could not skillfully use it. (The score of the last one is 1 take, do, use and lose).
9. Sun Wu's theory is divorced from reality (or "on paper"). (One-sided emphasis on "excellent theory" or "ineffective use of troops", give 2 points)
Reference translation
How many people talk about fighting the literati in the world and say "I can't fight"? How many people (among these people) asked him theoretical questions and failed him? Theoretically, we can't beat him. How many people can beat him when he leads troops to fight? Hey! As for the man who leads troops to fight and can always beat him, I have never seen him!
Sun Wu wrote Thirteen Articles of Sun Wu, and all military strategists regard him as a teacher. However, in my opinion, Sun Wu is an outstanding figure who talks about the art of war! His book discusses the strange, accidental, secret, witty and other skills of fighting, which makes people unpredictable. Since ancient times, few books are about fighting. From this point of view, he must have unlimited talent to deal with the enemy. I didn't know that he couldn't win every battle when he led the troops, which was far from what he said in the book.
When the prince of Wu marched on Ying, Sun Wu was the commander in chief. When Qin Chu defeated Wu's army jointly, Gou Jian, the king of Yue, led the army into the country that trampled on him, and foreign troubles followed, so the king of Wu fled before he could save himself. Sun Wu has no way to eliminate these disasters. If you accuse Sun Wu of his fault according to his own book, there are always three things. "nine places" said: "giving power to the enemy will make him unable to make friends with other countries." However, Sun Wu made Qin hear Shen Bao Xu. Yes, Shen went to Qin for help and cried for seven days and seven nights. If Qin finally sent troops to save Chu and defeated Wu Jun, it would be arrogant to send troops to save Chu and hide from Wu. This is Sun Wu's first mistake. "The Warring States Policy" said: "Long-term sending troops overseas has damaged military strength and frustrated spirit, and other countries have taken advantage of their weakness to attack." Sun Wu attacked Chu in the winter of nine years and didn't return until the autumn of ten years. It can be said that he was in the army for a long time. How can the Vietnamese not invade Wu while taking advantage of the virtual situation? This is Sun Wu's second mistake. "War Story" also said: "The soldiers bravely killed the enemy because of anger." Sun Wu indulged Wu Zixu (a Chu man in the Spring and Autumn Period, and later went to Wu State to become a doctor, and eventually died because of remonstrance) and his uncle (also a Chu man), and later went to Wu State and Fu Cha to be slaughtered. The more you destroy Wu, the more you kill your uncle), and flog King Chu Ping (surnamed Bi, a bear, whose first name was changed to his residence after he acceded to the throne, and he was in office for thirteen years) to vent his personal grievances and anger the enemy; This is why Sima Shu (Shen Yinxu and Sajima of Chu State), Zi (Chu Pingzhi, then Shen, then Ling Yin) and (Chu Pingzhi, then Jie Li, then Fu) vowed to take revenge on Wu. Gou Jian didn't destroy the ancestral grave of the King of Wu, so the people of Wu all obeyed him, Tian Dan (a native of Qi in the Warring States Period). The Yan army attacked the State of Qi and occupied more than 70 cities. Only two cities, Ju and Jimo, were not breached. Jimo Shoujiang died, and the people in the city pushed Tian Dan as a general. Tian Dan defeated the Yan army with one move and recovered all the occupied cities. Because of his work, he deceived the Yan army and asked them to dig the graves of Qi people, so Qi people rose up and resisted. Their ingenuity is far above that of Sun Wu. Sun doesn't understand this truth, which is his third mistake.
In this case, then, when Wu Jun was able to capture Ying capital, he took advantage of Chu's unkindness by taking advantage of the anger of Wu Zixu, Bo Zhen, (the vassal state in the Spring and Autumn Period, with its capital in Tang Zhen, northwest of Suixian County, Hubei Province) and (the vassal state in the Spring and Autumn Period, with its capital in Xincai County, Henan Province, and the monarchs of Tang and Cai countries were imprisoned and humiliated by Chu). Sun Wu's ability to write Sun Tzu's art of war failed because he could not skillfully use it. What's more, how can a few people who only know how to learn Sun Wu's old strategies and theories use them to lead troops to fight?
Wu Qi (a famous strategist in the Warring States Period and author of Woods) is a colleague of Sun Wu. Both of them wrote books on the art of war, which the world called "Sun Wu". However, when Wu Qi talked about using troops, he did not pay attention to law and discipline. His writing is rough and concise, and there is no discipline to guide the book. It is not as concise as Sun Wu's book, and all the theories of fighting in the world belong to it.
But Wuqi began to be appointed by Lu, and the Qi army was broken. In Wei, Qin Jun can be subdued again; When I arrived in Chu, I let Chu dominate the princes again. However, what Sun Wu did led to this (failed) ending. It can be seen that the theory in the book is not worthy of (complete) trust, and that is the case.
10.( 1) Comparison, metaphor. (65438+ 0 point per point)
(2) Fictional writing: Three Kingdoms Sun Ce sings a song; Smile in the future to recover lost ground (2 points). Practical writing: Guabu Twilight Cloud, Sunset Flag, Drum and Wind (2 points). The combination of reality and fiction expands the artistic conception of ci (1 min).
(3) praise the great mountains and rivers in front of you; Lament that you are getting older; Feelings for the historical hero (Sun Ce) who has great ambitions; Expectation (patriotic feelings) of recovering lost land in Beiding Central Plains. (65438+ 0 point per point)
1 1.( 1) He who is not a snake or an eel has nothing to place. (2) A boat with a leaf.
In the flowery spring morning and the moonlit autumn night, I swear.
(5) Bend your knees to support (6) 800-mile acupuncture point under the sun.
(7) Climb Mount Tai and be small in the world (8) Chengjiang is as quiet as practicing.
12. Elegant language: use classical Chinese words (late autumn and twilight) (1), concise four-word phrases (solemn weather, slightly melancholy) (1), and sonorous overlapping words rhyme (majestic and dense) (1); Blending scenes: express your inner dream and deep sense of history with the gloomy solemnity of late autumn and the lingering ghost of Westminster Abbey (1) (2). If you write "a sentence pattern with parallel prose" or "a symmetrical sentence pattern", you can also score; If you write "bleak", "sad" and "miserable", you can also get 1 point.
13. Describes the external environment of Westminster Abbey (1); Highlight the decay inside Westminster Abbey with bright colors (or gloomy and dark, or write in contrast) (1 minute); Writing autumn scenery echoes the season explained at the beginning of the article (1 minute), which paves the way for the following discussion (1 minute).
14.( 1) This metaphor shows that the ruins have been destroyed (1), and they have survived through time (1), which is of little value in itself (1).
15. The glory of the past will eventually become the decline of today; The recording function of historical sites is limited and will eventually disappear; Brilliant before death, must be forgotten after death; Time is ruthless and people are small (or life is short); Life ends in nothingness. (Write 3 points to get 6 points)
16.① Beyond imitation and pursuit, deeply and silently integrate into natural space. (2) "Quiet" is not absolute, it contains the movement of life. (3) "Static" is infinite and eternal. (2 points per point)
17. First of all, point out the reason why Chinese painting is based on blank; Then through the comparison with western oil painting, it shows that Chinese painting is integrated with space; Finally, it is emphasized that the essence of Chinese painting blank is the communication between the universe and the flow of life, which is the beauty of Chinese painting. (2 points per point)
18.① Different painting methods: Western paintings depict real scenes with colors as the background; Chinese painting takes blank as the painting background, and the virtual and the real are born together. (2 points) (2) The standpoint and starting point of observing the universe are different: Western painting sets the painting scene against the viewer and the author, so observe the concrete and elusive space and express it with lines and light (2 points); Chinese painting completely integrates the author and the landscape, ignoring the author and the viewer, so Chinese painting observes the boundless universe, and the scenery in the painting is bright and dark (2 points).