Inverse sentences in classical Chinese

1. What is the word order inversion phenomenon in classical Chinese? First of all, we should make clear what is an object phrase, what is an object and what is an attribute. For example, I sit in bed and read comic books. Here, I am the subject sitting on the bed, the adverbial on the bed, the object phrase, the predicate comic book, the attributive book, the object phrase, and the object phrase that should have been put in front. For example, the correct word order should be: hoard 30,000 soldiers at the customs and put them here. Several kinds of prepositional objects in negative sentences, such as 1 and pronoun prepositional objects, must meet two conditions: first, the object must be a pronoun; Second, it must be a negative sentence, expressed by negative words such as "no", "no" and "mo".

In this case, pronoun objects should be placed before verbs and after negative words. For example, "I was willing to take care of you when I was three years old."

"Don't care about me" should be understood as "Don't care about me". Storytelling is another example: "The ancients did not bully."

"Don't bully me" means "Don't bully me". The Story of Shi Zhongshan II. Pronoun preposition object in interrogative sentences In classical Chinese, interrogative pronouns such as "Who", "He", "Xi" and "An" are often placed in front of verbs.

For example, "The Hongmen Banquet": "Liang asked,' What is your majesty doing here?" "Fuck" should be understood as "fuck". 3. Preposition Preposition Object In modern Chinese, prepositions are followed by objects to form an object-object structure, which is used to modify verb predicates.

In classical Chinese, the preposition object is often placed before the preposition, forming the phenomenon of inverted sentences. For example: "Yueyang Tower": "Guess! Who is Weiss? " "To whom" should be understood as "to whom".

4. Common prepositional objects In common prepositional objects, everyone should pay attention to the sense of language. For example, Zou Ji satirized Qi King coachable: "Don't be confident" should be understood as "believe in yourself".

Attributive is postpositioned, attributive should be placed in front of the head language (modifier), and the postposition reason is similar to prepositional object. For example, a 90-year-old Yugong in Beishan lives near the mountain. The correct word order should be: a 90-year-old Yugong in Beishan lives near the mountain.

2. The best answer for words with reversible word order (4 words)

Milk bees are happy; Peace-peaceful depravity-depravity; Heart-center flowering-flowering; Start-men and music (and reading him, two voices)-music and (and reading him, gently) love-love; Explain-explain bliss-joy; Talk-talk speech-speech; Occurrence-Germination (Pronunciation, Four Tones) Brush-Stroke Bag-Dawn in Bao Shu-Dark Tomorrow-Dark Leaves-Cotyledons Going Up the Mountain-Stamp Collecting on the Mountain-Popular Science of Stamp Collecting-Subject Workers-Handwriting-Book Writing. -firewood speech-speech, sleep-sleep, snuggle, like-joy, relaxation, accumulation-accumulation, mutual-mutual, substitution-substitution, inquiry-inquiry, swallowing, suffering-boiling, neatness-neatness.

After the words related to some contents are reversed, the meanings are still similar or related, for example:

Accumulation-accumulation, midnight-midnight, daring-daring, qualitative change-deterioration, opening-liberalization, fireworks-flame, youth, snow-snow, well water, infatuation-infatuation, bee-honey, gold-gold, good news.

However, there are still many words composed of two words with similar meanings that cannot be used upside down.

Such as: production-production, reality-enlightenment, whole-solar terms, calculation-calculation, physiognomy-physiognomy, official-eunuch, willingness-meeting, drama-volatilization; Some words that are not synonyms can't be reversed casually, such as names-celebrities, getting on the horse-immediately, being in charge-possessing, flirting-emotional appeal, turmoil-walking, getting-getting, human feelings-lovers, rural areas-going to the countryside, stories-accidents, leaders-matchmaking, and Shanghai.

Words of the above types are completely different or far apart if their meanings are reversed.

Another interesting phenomenon is that the names of some things, if reversed, just show the purpose of this thing.

For example: sheepfold-sheepfold, bedding-bedding, hammer-hammer iron, door lock-door lock, pot cover-pot cover, bottle stopper-bottle stopper, toothbrush-brushing, bedspread-bedspread, gloves-gloves, masks-covers, insoles-pads, and so on.

3. Ask for sick sentences and correct them. 1. The word order is reversed: 1, and the attributive word order is misused. 2. The adverbial word order is wrong. 3. Types of ill sentences: (1) The common cases are: 1, and the attributive and the head language are reversed. For example, cotton production in China cannot be self-sufficient for a long time. ("cotton production" should be "cotton production") 2. Put the notional words in the adverbial position. For example, the vast number of young people have shown great enthusiasm for reform. Put "incomparable" before "enthusiasm". Put the adverbial in the position of attribute. For example, we should give full play to the full role of the broad masses of young people. And delete a "de"). 4. The multi-layer attributive word order is improper. Cultural relics unearthed thousands of years ago are on display. The word order of the multi-layer adverbial is improper. Example: We are no longer a country that is arbitrarily bullied by foreign powers. (The word "arbitrary" should be changed to "bullying". This undertaking will suffer losses. ("He" will be moved after "If") 7. The subject and object are reversed. Example: Young people in China are no strangers to ostrovsky's How Steel was Tempered. (It should be changed to: Zhongqing vs ostrovsky. ) 8. The clause position is incorrect. Ex.: They are exploring their own path, they are judging, they are looking, they are looking. They are thinking, they are judging, they are exploring, they are looking for. (2) Improper collocation. 1, the subject and predicate are not properly matched. Example: His revolutionary spirit has always appeared in front of my eyes. ("God" and "manifestation" cannot form a subject-predicate relationship, so "God" can be changed to "image") 2. Verb-object collocation It can't be "arrived") 3. Improper collocation of modifiers and headwords: For example, we carefully studied employees' suggestions and humbly asked experts' opinions. ("serious" can't modify "research", but can be changed to "serious" and "prudent". ) 4. Improper collocation of subject and object: For example, we firmly believe that one day, China's agriculture and agriculture will become developed countries. (The word State should be changed to act) 5. Incorrect collocation of related words: for example, since you are here, I should go. ("Since" and "Ye" cannot be used together, "Ye" should be changed to "Jiu") (3) Incomplete and redundant components are 65,438+0, and incomplete components. She was praised by her teachers and classmates. She was praised by her teachers and classmates for her good grades. In the old society, working people did not have enough to eat and clothes were not warm. (Or delete "raw" or add "alive" before "eat") (3) Missing object: They are pregnant with the motherland. Finally won the championship. (Add the word "spirit" after the word "dare to fight") (4) Lack of necessary additional components. At the beginning of spring, wheat grew well and got a gratifying harvest. (Add the word "summer" before the word "acquisition" to limit the time. (5) Incomplete related words. This academic conference has gained a lot. Time is not long. (the word "although" should be added before the time) 2. Redundancy (1) Subject Redundancy Example: How much blood our revolutionary predecessors shed and how many precious lives they sacrificed for the benefit of the people. The subject "revolutionary predecessors" is before them, so "they" is unnecessary. (2) The word "arrived" should be deleted instead of "arrived". ) (3) The object is superfluous: Example: I went to the Slender West Lake in Yangzhou today and visited the White Pagoda, Junyutai, Wu Ting Bridge and other scenic spots. ("that place" is redundant and should be removed. Extra ingredients: In order to simplify the number of words, I have to delete some. ("Yes" can be deleted) (4) Combined with confusion (1) Examples: How can you get good grades without studying hard? Mixing rhetorical questions with judgmental sentences destroys the integrity of sentence structure and tone. If you use rhetorical questions, it should be "how can I get good grades in the exam?" If you use a judgment sentence, it should be "it is conceivable that your grades are not good." (2) "Examples of Miscellaneous Sentences: Survival" was published by Shanghai Literature and Art Publishing House. The author is a Canadian Chinese writer who has lived abroad for more than 20 years. (it is a mixture of subject-predicate sentences and verb-predicate sentences, and the "author's hand" at the end of the sentence should be removed. He agrees with this proposition. It is not clear whether "this proposition" means "acceptance" or "opposition". ) 2. Sentence ambiguity: Example: My sister is anxious to find her parents. (What's the situation? Is "Sister" in a hurry? Or is "dad" and "mom" in a hurry? Or is "mom" in a hurry? You can put a comma between "dad" and "mom", or you can put a comma before "dad". (6) Unreasonable: 1, contradictory: for example, how many victims did he survive? Since he survived, he naturally didn't die. How can he be said to be "one of the dead"? It should be changed to: how many people died, and he survived. ) 2. The scope is unclear. For example, from the perspective of career development, there is still a lack of scientific experts and talents. All talents, including scientists, should not be juxtaposed, but should be "experts in various disciplines and other talents". Impose cause and effect I saw him walk out of the factory twice. I didn't know that the old man who was enthusiastic about helping patients turned out to be a worker. It is not enough to judge that the old man is a worker just by seeing him come out of the factory twice. ) 4. Improper denial: Over the past few years, he has been collecting and sorting out folk songs and accumulated a lot of information. "Always" means "always", but the sentence expression is just the opposite, so "forgot" can be changed to. You don't have to memorize its type, you can find and correct it with more practice. 4. Examples of college entrance examination questions 1. Among the following sentences, the sentence without language errors is (1999 national college entrance examination question) A. During the Spring Festival this year, there were 2 10 fire engines and more than 3,000 fire officers and soldiers in this city.