1 Notes of Mencius
As the ancestor of traditional culture, Mencius' influence in China lasted for thousands of years, so it is naturally difficult for my generation to cover it in a few words. Although my understanding is just a pipe cone, Mencius' own thoughts, spirit and verve are like a red sun shining through the clear sky in Wan Li. Even if it is limited to my vision and knowledge, I have already felt the dazzling light.
First of all, I think the greatness of Mencius lies in that the idea of "benevolence and righteousness" advocated by him can best grasp the essence of things. Mencius saw that "fate" and "profit" were short-sighted to the interest relationship of things, while benevolence and righteousness could have a long-term impact on the future, so he came up with the theories of "sacrificing life for justice" and "sacrificing profit for justice". In a narrow sense, "benevolence and righteousness" refers to the loyalty and filial piety of the feudal era. In fact, it is a misunderstanding of Mencius for thousands of years, because since the May Fourth New Culture Movement, the three cardinal guides and the five permanent members have changed life; "The Doctrine of the Mean" said: "Tao can't be separated for a moment, but can be separated from non-Tao." So, does this "benevolence" still have eternal significance? Therefore, to understand Mencius' "benevolence and righteousness" today, we should stand on high ground and proceed from a broad sense: just as Taoism's "Tao" and Buddhism's "Bodhi" are all understandings of objective universal laws, Mencius' "benevolence and righteousness" is also unique. And this understanding can make Mencius like a skilled fisherman's hand caught in the crab's key, so that the crab can't get rid of it even if it has thighs and big feet. No matter how complicated problems or difficulties appear on the surface of things, Meng Zi is not dizzy, and he can often save the day, making it easy and more than enough.
Monk's articles are full of arguments and arguments, and he is good at reasoning. He doesn't know the logic of reading the whole book like the Analects of Confucius, and reading the Tao Te Ching is not mysterious and far-fetched. The most attractive thing about Mencius is to start with the general things, and then slowly lead to the truth, so that others can unconsciously admit their mistakes. Mencius said: "I am strong enough to lift three thousand pounds, but I can't lift a feather;" My eyesight is enough to see the tips of wild animals in autumn, but I can't see a car full of firewood. Will the king believe it? "What is said in the words is obviously unreasonable. Xuanwang said: "No" Mencius said: "Obviously, a feather is unwilling to use force and cannot be lifted; "A car full of firewood is invisible because it refuses to use its eyesight; People are not caressed by you because they refuse to be kind. Therefore, if you fail to rule the world with benevolence, you will not do it. " Mencius thus made the monarch realize his mistake. What Mencius said was more acceptable to the supreme monarch than to the outspoken admonishers. The truth of progress is like setting a trap for people to walk in unconsciously step by step.
Today's world-famous "system theory" and "system thinking", although they keep saying that they are opposed to giving up the basics, should look at things dynamically and in the long run. To put it bluntly, everyone can find the embryonic form from Mencius' thought of benevolence and righteousness. It is most appropriate to use Mao Zedong's words to describe Mencius' way of benevolence and righteousness. People who can't grasp the essence of benevolence and righteousness are like walking on the vast desert or ocean, exhausted by the mirage that appears at any time.
One more thing, I think what Mencius deserves to be imitated by later generations is his spirit of independence and not colluding with others. This is doomed, if he has the opportunity to do something and give him a stage to display his talents, he will definitely become a big shot in Wang Ye! Maverick, stand firm and have a sense of independence; Those who don't go with the flow can't see the difference and can do it unexpectedly. With these two things, Mencius' great boldness of vision was created, and his writing style was magnificent and magnificent. When he was used to start a business, the whole world fell to him alone. Sun Tzu's art of war said that "people should not be influenced by others" was reflected in Mencius. Nowadays, the social situation is surging, and people often put themselves in it without fighting for direction. If you learn something from Mencius, why not make the gods cry?
Although the time spent studying Mencius is very short, Mencius' bright way of benevolence and righteousness is enough to benefit people for life. Finally, I will make a summary of Mencius' way of benevolence and righteousness: first, his idea of abandoning the end; second, his maverick spirit; and third, his courage to control the situation.
2 Jane Eyre reading notes
After reading Jane Eyre, I know it is a very difficult process. These days, I spent almost all my time on this novel from a distant country except eating and sleeping. However, while complaining, we have to admit that it is outstanding and charming. It is rare to see such a charming exotic style. This story, full of19th century British interest, made me feel a lot. Actually, I should have contacted this book earlier. Many people have already introduced it. Unfortunately, I'm a little xenophobic, and I haven't started to appreciate it until now. It's kind of like a brief encounter.
As a native of China, I find it a little difficult to adapt to the British thinking and religious beliefs. However, most of the true feelings in the world are interlinked. Every time I read that Jane Eyre was abused and discriminated against because she had no relatives and no reason, her pity was unforgettable. How excited I was when Jane Eyre saved the day again and again; How inspiring and shocking it was when she bravely refused St. John's proposal and insisted on the true love in her heart; Especially at the end of the article, when she abandoned everything to take care of poor Edward, my heart was gratified and moved by the birth.
As for this novel, I think its greatest success lies in its outstanding integration in many artistic aspects. I am sure that the author of this book is a versatile writer. First of all, when she describes the scenery, she appreciates it from the aesthetic angle of a painter and grasps the harmony of light and shadow with the interest of a painter. When reading China's novels, it's rare to see such delicate landscape descriptions. We would like to thank Zhou Lingben, the translator of this book. His profound knowledge of Chinese has made the translation brilliant and the original brilliant. Secondly, Charlotte Brontexq has profound attainments in linguistics. As an Englishman, the author can say that he is proficient in at least three foreign languages. When reading this book, I feel that I can feel the cultural atmosphere of Europe through it. For example, the pride and gentlemanliness of the British, the great power of Germany, and the natural romantic interest of French women. Even read the British colonial psychology of discriminating against orientals, for example, they called India a barbaric nation. Third, Charlotte Brontexq's handling of emotional drama is brilliant. The protagonists in her novels rarely fall in love at first sight, which is more realistic, but the love she gives always goes deep into the readers' hearts silently. Such a clever emotional drama surprised me and surprised me.
If we compare the author of Jane Eyre with Cao Xueqin of China, there is no doubt that the latter has a deeper cultural background. Just as China and Britain compare history, China people can undoubtedly say: I am much older than you. Cao Xueqin learned much more in his life than Charlotte Brontexq. After all, China's cultural heritage is much richer. The key point is that Jane Eyre can't compare with China's Dream of Red Mansions. A Dream of Red Mansions is more outstanding for its rich characters and vivid descriptions. However, Jane Eyre also has something to be learned and appreciated by China people. For example, the psychological description of the characters in Jane Eyre can be said to be incisive. This is not enough in many China people's literary works.
After reading this book, I seem to have read the Bible once. Westerners' deep feelings and sincere beliefs about religion are really admirable. Today's China is an era of lack of faith. When I read Jane Eyre, I felt the pure human beauty that can only be obtained under the influence of religion, which is really hard to get in China now. In fact, many teachings in the Bible are complementary to the Confucian classics of China, but people in China nowadays often ignore the wisdom of their ancestors. For example, in the Bible, people are advised to be kind, tolerant and grateful, which is the same as that of Confucius and Old Master Q Ah Q. When reading Jane Eyre, I am often inspired by the beautiful thoughts in the Bible, which reminds me of the current situation in China, and my heart seems to have gained a lot. Let me firmly believe that the Confucian culture in China really needs to be re-examined.
3 "Little Prince"
We all know that the little prince is a fairy tale. I think: in fact, no matter how old we are, we all need fairy tales, which will accompany us all our lives and make our hearts as innocent as children forever. This, if you have read The Little Prince, you can feel it. Yes, The Little Prince is a fairy tale. It is worth mentioning that "it is a children's book for adults" and "his poetic sadness contains a whole set of philosophical thoughts". This children's fairy tale for adults contains symbolic meaning. These symbols look clear and obscure, so they are particularly beautiful. At first, I didn't know the charm of fairy tales whose reading rate was second only to the Bible. So, I have this book in my hand, and now I have another feeling after reading it for the second time.
The book begins with a satire on unimaginative adults. The author painted two works when he was very young. The picture shows a python digesting an elephant. "These adults never take the initiative to understand anything; As for our children, I always explain to them again and again, so I won't tell him anything about pythons, virgin forests and stars. I only speak what they can understand, such as bridge, golf, politics, ties and so on. In this way, this person will be very happy and one will meet a reasonable person. " The children said to the adults, "I see a beautiful house made of rose bricks, with geraniums in the windows and pigeons on the roof." They can't imagine what that house looks like. You have to say, "I see a house worth 20 thousand dollars." They will say, "That house must be beautiful." Perhaps Saint Exupery felt lonely among adults, so he found that adults were busy doing nothing through the eyes of the little prince. In order to possess wealth, money, power and knowledge, he forgot the real value and needs of his life, lost his most precious innocence, lost his precious imagination and beauty.
The little prince is a melancholy little man. He comes from a small planet. He always likes to ask questions to the end. He is easily sad and sentimental. I once met the author in the Sahara desert, during which many touching stories happened. These stories are unpretentious and have no bizarre plots, but they contain intriguing philosophies.
I found that I began to have a hobby for simple and clean stories, such as my love for Jimmy's hand painting. In poetry reading, I like simplicity, perhaps because of laziness, or not all of it. The little prince is mentioned in the books I have read many times. I think this is profound, meaningful and perhaps obscure. However, when I was holding a book, my heart suddenly relaxed. Perhaps seeing simplicity and blank space will get rid of a lot of oppression and give people a feeling of tranquility. The Little Prince has a simple story and plain words. I watched it twice easily and didn't feel tired at all. Fairy tales may be gifts for ordinary life. They make it easy for you to read, but also give you something, such as the innocence and beauty of life, such as simplicity and clarity.
The little prince in the story takes life seriously. He worked hard to dig the crater and pull out the seedlings of baobab trees. However, the little prince is lonely. When he is depressed, he will chase the sun with a stool and watch the sunset. Only enjoying the passionate afterglow at sunset is his only pleasure. He once watched the sunset forty-three times a day because his heart was full of endless loneliness and sadness. Fortunately, a rose came into her life. This rose is gentle and quiet. After the lie was exposed, she kept coughing. She is a beautiful and proud flower. She fell in love with the sad little prince, and the little prince really loved roses. However, a little thing finally separated them. The sensitive little prince is suspicious of love because of an angry rose. He left his star, rose and began his lonely journey.
I don't know how to understand the little prince Too much rational analysis is not my expectation, nor is it my specialty. I'm just saying my opinion briefly.
During the trip, the little prince came into contact with new people and things, such as a king who pursues authority and autocracy, an alcoholic who drinks to avoid the shame of drunkenness, a self-righteous businessman who holds stars, such as a geographer who refuses to travel, and a conformist lamplighter. In fact, it is a microcosm of ourselves. The little prince hates their lives. He just thinks that adults are strange, unreasonable and abnormal along the way.
Romance of the Three Kingdoms
Romance of the Three Kingdoms is one of China's four classical novels and an important literary masterpiece in ancient Chinese history. Romance of the Three Kingdoms is one of China's four classical novels and an important literary masterpiece in ancient Chinese history. The Romance of the Three Kingdoms has created nearly 200 characters, among which Zhuge Liang, Cao Cao, Guan Yu, Liu Bei and others are the most successful. The Romance of the Three Kingdoms focuses on the struggle between the ruling groups of Wei, Shu and Wu Sanda during the Three Kingdoms period. It tells a series of stories from the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty to the unification of the Jin Dynasty.
Cao Cao's life is very bold and treacherous. He killed Lv Boshe's family by mistake, and finally knew he was wrong, but he continued to kill Lv Boshe. At this point, Chen Gong left him. What Cao Cao later said is intriguing: "I would rather teach me to be negative to the world than to teach the world to be negative to me." But on the other hand, if he hadn't killed them all, and if Lv Boshe really brought some people to kill him, maybe Cao Cao would have retired from the historical stage. But treachery will only bring temporary petty profits. If you keep being treacherous, you will naturally be rewarded. Later, Dong Cheng and his gang assassinated Cao Cao, but they were defeated. Later, some people assassinated Cao Cao one after another, but all failed because of some accidents, otherwise Cao Aman would not be all-powerful. Cao Cao's revelation to me is that we should not be too cunning.
The opposite of Cao Cao is Liu Bei, who puts benevolence and righteousness first and loves the people. Liu Bei's life behavior is contrary to that of treacherous and benevolent Cao Cao. When Liu Bei was in trouble, he fled with his people. Whether he manages a new field or Xuzhou is benevolent and loved by the people.
But both Cao Cao and Liu Bei have a characteristic, that is, they attach great importance to talents. Cao Cao lost a Lv Wei. He didn't cry about his Cao family at the memorial service, only Lv Wei. After the death of counselor Guo Jia, he was also very sad. Liu Bei pays more attention to talents. At first, Zhao Yun was not a general of the Liu family, but he valued Zhao Yun very much and kept him several times. Later, he finally returned to Liu's door, which made him escape twice. Xu Shu was kidnapped there by Cao Cao. When seeing off, Liu Bei cried goodbye and even cut down the bamboo forest in front. Later, Xu Shu came back and recommended Zhuge Liang. Liu Bei's three visits to the cottage have become a model of employing people.
Therefore, a person's strength is limited, so we should recruit talents, find like-minded people and start a career together. This is the road to success. The negative example is Yuan Shao. It is said that Yuan Shao and Cao Cao had obvious military advantages during World War I, but Yuan Shao didn't pay attention to talents, and many loyal ministers around him didn't know. If he listens to loyal ministers, how can Cao beat him? But he listened to some villains and lost to Cao Cao, who had fewer troops.
The Romance of the Three Kingdoms also taught me: be good at listening to good opinions, but advice when most needed is least heeded. Why did Cao Cao and Battle of Red Cliffs lose? I think it's because I didn't listen to good advice. Facing the newcomer Pang Tong, he did not hesitate to believe in his own "serial stratagem". Faced with another courtier's advice, the courtier said rudely, "If the enemy attacks with fire, why not?" The general meaning of Cao Cao's answer is: "At this time, the southeast wind will not blow. If they attack with fire, they will burn down their camp. " This can't be blamed on Cao Cao, who doesn't know the wind and rain like the meteorologist Kong Ming. But since someone made a suggestion, Cao Cao should also be alert, otherwise he would not be defeated. On another occasion, Liu Bei was stationed in a forest 700 miles away from the water. Some courtiers have suggested to him what to do if the enemy attacks with fire. But he didn't accept it, so that it was really burned by Lu Xun for seven hundred miles. Therefore, whether you can listen to others' opinions correctly often determines the ultimate success or failure of things. Some characters in Romance of the Three Kingdoms also inspired me a lot. People who are greedy for money and sex will definitely not have a good result in the end. Dong Zhuo and Lu Bu were used as weapons, not to sow discord among a little girl, The Story Of Diu Sim, so Dong Zhuo was defeated in lust. Cao Cao is also a bit lewd. After Zhang Xiu surrendered, Cao Cao had a good time in the barracks, so he asked Zhang Xiu's wife to play with him. Later, of course, Zhang Xiu was angry. He fought back against Cao Cao. Fortunately, Cao Cao was predestined, otherwise he was also the result of Zhang Xiu.
In the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, you can also learn a lot, such as studying historical laws and analyzing people and things.
Cause and effect of success or failure. Mao Zedong once read The Romance of the Three Kingdoms five times, which is probably the reason. Masterpieces can stand repeated reading and scrutiny, and good masterpieces are accompanied by people's life growth.
5 feel ordinary
-thoughts on reading "ordinary world"
Ordinary is the essence of life. Each of us is small and fragile, insignificant to this vast world. The world is also ordinary. Sorrow, life and death, poverty and wealth, and changes in the world are just ordinary things in the long history. For the ordinary, I always thought so, until I read a book-"Ordinary World" and suddenly realized.
It is said that this novel has no place in the history of orthodox literature. Part of the reason may be that since the mid-1980 s, the "realistic" writing technique, which has been in the mainstream position in the literary and art circles, has begun to be severely challenged.
Ordinary World is the most important long article in Lu Yao's prose. It describes the modern urban and rural life in China in a panoramic way. Through complicated contradictions and entanglements, it depicts the images of ordinary people at all levels, such as Sun Shaoping and others. Life's self-esteem, self-improvement and self-confidence, life's struggle and struggle, frustration and pursuit, pain and joy are intertwined, which makes people sad.
The Loess Plateau has been a land full of misery and hope since ancient times. Lu Yao was born here and grew up here. It is this barren land that created Lu Yao's character of seeking and struggling, and it is also those unforgettable life experiences that made Lu Yao love life so much and determined to complete a masterpiece before he was 40 years old: to commemorate that barren land, to commemorate that glorious era and to commemorate the unpretentious people there.
I like the starting point of Lu Yao's novel-the word "ordinary". His world is ordinary, just one of tens of thousands of villages on the Loess Plateau. But Lu Yao saw the extraordinary of his hero in the ordinary. For example, Sun Shaoping, who received high school education, reached the level of ideological discussion with college students through self-study. The author endowed the role with various excellent qualities, including not setting the goal too high. In Lu Yao's world, there are ordinary people, because he described the goodness and beauty, ugliness and evil in human nature in these ordinary people. In his world, the greatest advantage of man is to realize that he is ordinary. This is best reflected in Sun Shaoping. When he got the opportunity to transfer the coal mine to the city, he chose the coal mine. This is not without his high consciousness, but his enthusiasm and attachment to the place where he worked. He chose the ordinary.
Lu Yao told us not only that long time, but also a belief and pursuit that life should have, which has remained unchanged since ancient times. This is a noisy, impetuous and moral crisis era. Everyone who still has a dream and is pursuing it should review "Ordinary World", which will let you know that although fate is so unfair and society is so unfair, as long as you persevere, work hard and go forward bravely, you can finally succeed. Everyone who is wasting his life should read Ordinary World, which will make you know how to cherish it.
Lu Yao is teaching us to forget, and forgetting makes life eternal. There is not much room for selfishness in life, and selfishness will only harm you in the end. It's selfish to follow suit. If you live like this all your life, you will eventually be buried in the loess and have no value. Lu Yao is teaching us to have an independent personality, although you may encounter loneliness. Loneliness is the only way to prove yourself in life. As long as you have a clear understanding of your ideals and face loneliness frankly, it will be the last support point for you to go forward bravely.
Lu Yao is teaching us not to be a beautiful person all our lives, but to do a beautiful thing that makes people applaud. The former can only prove your wit, while the latter will witness your wonderful life.
I think each of us will listen to those ancient voices after reading books in the ordinary world. Maybe then we will find our own direction as soon as possible in this era distorted by growing desires, so that we won't get lost when the oil runs out and the lights go out.
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