About Wen Jing's secret residence? In Wen Yi, the definitions of history-chanting and nostalgia are as follows: history-chanting refers to "reading history to see the success or failure of the ancients, and acting by feeling", while nostalgia refers to "chanting after the success or failure of the ancients", that is, poetry-chanting is triggered by recorded historical figures or events, while poetry-cherishing is triggered by historical relics and related historical figures or events. This division better highlights the different essence of history chanting and nostalgia, which is recognized by most people.
Memorizing ancient poems focuses on mourning historical sites and remembering ancestors. Compared with epics, the starting point of such poems is not to comment on someone or something. In Song Dynasty, Fang Hui said in the preface to Volume III of Sui: "Those who miss the past, seeing the historic sites and thinking about the ancients, have nothing to do with this, but rise and fall, are virtuous and foolish. If you can be a dharma but not a dharma, if you can be a precept but not a precept, it is also a sad person. " The original intention of nostalgia is to take the lessons of the past as the lessons of today. Wang Shizhen in the Qing Dynasty said: "There are probably two kinds of people who pass on ancient poems to future generations: the works that fall to the ground are easy to be mysterious; Nostalgic works are easy to be tragic, so masters often wave their arms and express their feelings here, which is also the reason for their work and inheritance. " The so-called "thinking about its annoyance" is the same as "singing its truth and sighing its voice, and the listener will have its sadness and joy", taking the integration of emotions as the root vein of poetry. Zhu Tingzhen, a scholar in the Qing Dynasty, also said: "Anyone who cherishes ancient poetry must go through the ages, with ambiguity, novelty in the fair field, and charm in the charm, so that the charm is magnificent, and the feelings and literature are the same. I have inexhaustible people, and I am not a historian." What he emphasizes here is "I have someone", that is, he advocates the personalized characteristics of poetry.
Nostalgia poems and epics are both related and different. As a nostalgic poem, it refers to the poet's visit to the ancient land and nostalgia for the past to express his feelings. The names of nostalgic poems are often marked with place names, which are inseparable from the description and chanting of scenery and related personnel, as well as the feelings of ancient and modern changes. This kind of poetry is often faced with the scenery in front of us, covered with vague expressions and alternating forms of reality and reality, expressing the feelings of indifference and ups and downs in the world. In the Qing Dynasty, Shen Deqian's Shi Shuo Yu wrote a cloud: "Remember the past in time. Lao Du's "Nostalgia in Gongan County" said: "Sprinkle the deed of the monarch and the minister, and strive for fame", which is concise and concise, and is also a pen of true history. " Wang Fuzhi's "Selected Poems of the Ming Dynasty" in the Qing Dynasty, Volume 4, "Visiting Wu Zixu Temple" pointed out: "It was the status quo at that time that I had a place to hang ancient poems." Wang annotated the article "On Meaning" in the Secret Room and commented on the poem "Visiting the Ancient", saying that "Tang people visited the ancient times more" is also simple and direct.
Generally speaking, chanting history and recalling the past basically belong to the opposite sex and are homogeneous. They are all related to history and express the emotional experience, artistic imagination or philosophical sentiment caused by people, things and things in history. Their common catalyst is history, which leads to subjective emotional experience. Nostalgia is more intuitive than history, and it has a sense of space and picture. However, there are many differences between them. Poems about history are often reflected in reading history, while poems about the past are often reflected in touching the scene and singing. The former uses narration and discussion in expression techniques, while the latter uses lyricism and scenery description and discussion. Singing history is often about writing specific historical events or figures, focusing on expressing an idea or moral evaluation, while nostalgic poems focus on "describing imaginary gods", usually focusing on expressing some emotional attitude and philosophical thinking about the general "past".
(2) Visit the ancient times by chanting history
Judging from the creation practice of ancient poems, the theme of "visiting the ancient times" actually presents a more complicated phenomenon of overlapping works with "chanting history" and "chanting nostalgia" as separate words, and "visiting the ancient times" first appeared in the History of the Three Kingdoms. Wu Shu's Biography of Wuzhu Wuzi: "The Great Emperor visited the ancient times to stop the present, to prevent budding, and to worry about the Millennium". Here, "visiting the ancient times" means reading ancient books. The earliest poem with the theme of "visiting the ancient times" in the history of literature was first seen in "Visiting the Ancient Times" in Selected Works: "The Zhao family has a harmonious jade, and the world has been handed down from generation to generation. Qin people came to seek the market, but the price is empty talk ... what is modesty? Thank you, Jingjue. I am brave and brave, and relaxation makes me sigh. " This poem mainly praises Lin Xiangru's courage and wisdom in retaking He Shibi. It belongs to the epic of "reading the history of the ancients' success or failure, and acting on their feelings". "Visiting the ancients" means browsing ancient books. It is because of this poem that the theme of visiting the ancient times in the epic is determined. Yuan Meiyun in the Qing Dynasty: "There are three kinds of chanting history ... one is to conceal this matter, and the other is to chant. Zhang Jingyang recites two rare scriptures, and Lu recites the scriptures. " Lu Chen's Visit to the Ancient Times is also regarded as a historical ode. Another example is Wu Yun's Fourteen Visits to the Ancient Times in the Tang Dynasty, which is also an emotional historical ode. The poet clearly stated in his works: "I am worried about Shang Jia Qin." The above examples all define "visiting ancient books" as the meaning of visiting ancient books. With the changes of the times, there are many works with the theme of "visiting ancient books" in later generations, which have other meanings. For example, Zhu Cun wrote 200 "Reading Ancient Poems" in the Southern Tang Dynasty, taking the rise and fall of Wu Dadi and the Six Dynasties as an opportunity. , "Song history? Yiwenzhi is recorded as two volumes of Jinling Ancient Poems, both of which are made for viewing the remains of the Six Dynasties in Jinling, and belong to typical poems of nostalgia. Xia Song of the Northern Song Dynasty wrote in Wuzhong Visiting the Ancient: "Visit the ancient Yangtze River, and sigh tomorrow. Water flows in the kingdom of Wu, and flowers flow in the wild family. Dragon swords are sold in the night sky, and autumn stars meet guests. The desolate pavilion doll tree reflects the flat sand in the west. "From the fact that the title of the poem is regarded as a nostalgic work and the context of the poem, we can see that" visiting the ancient times "mentioned in the poem refers to visiting historical sites. To sum up, visiting ancient times sometimes refers to visiting ancient books, and sometimes refers to visiting historical sites. Therefore, a work with the theme of "visiting the ancient times" is not sure from the title whether it is a poem about history or a poem about nostalgia. We must read through the whole poem and carefully taste its content before we can determine whether it belongs to a poem about history or nostalgia.