Chen in Southern Song Dynasty
Flying flowers on both sides of the strait, red boats, and a hundred miles of fish embankment wind for most of the day.
Lying on the boat and looking at the clouds in the sky, they didn't seem to move, but they didn't know that the clouds and I were moving eastward.
Notes on the title or background of a book.
Chen is an outstanding poet at the end of the Northern Song Dynasty and the beginning of the Southern Song Dynasty, and an important representative of Jiangxi Poetry School.
This poem describes the scenery of sailing eastward by boat, colorful falling flowers dancing with the wind on both sides of the river, lying and watching the leisurely nature of white clouds, inadvertently pointing out the dialectical relationship between stillness and movement.
The ancients were most afraid of headwinds when sailing. When the author meets the downwind, he will "lie" on the boat and enjoy the scenery along the way: the scenery on both sides of the river is moving backwards with the sailboat. However, the "cloud" in the sky did not move with it, which puzzled the author. Then the author suddenly realized that it was because of the downwind that the clouds in the sky moved in the same direction as themselves. Because the speed is the same, the position is relatively unchanged. The philosophy embodied in this poem is that one cannot observe things in isolation and stillness. To correctly understand things and their essence, we must carry out dialectical and extensive contact analysis. At the same time, change and invariance are relative, movement and change are eternal, and stillness only exists in a relative state, and there is no absolute stillness.
And Zhang Guichen's ink painting and plum blossom five wonders (five first choices)
Chen in Southern Song Dynasty
Fourth.
Including the spring breeze under the eaves, it is a good thing to be an autumn rabbit.
I don't want color, but my predecessor was Ma Jiufang Gao.
Notes on the title or background of a book.
This is a poem and a work of harmony. The author painted an ink plum blossom. Although this painting is not colored, it is only dyed in black and white, but it vividly depicts the plum blossom in full bloom in the snow, and more subtly and vividly embodies the spirit of being proud of frost and snow contained in plum blossom. The author created this philosophical poem because of the artist's ingenious technique. The first couplet "including chapter" is used to describe the beautiful and bright plum blossoms painted here. "My predecessor is as tall as a horse" is also a classic. The poet used the story of the height of nine squares to illustrate that the painter's purpose is not to ask for similar colors, but to try to draw the inner spirit of plum blossoms. This poem tells us that observing things should not only look at their superficial phenomena, but also grasp their essential characteristics.
Autumn night
Chen in Southern Song Dynasty
Shanke Longzhong doesn't understand farming, and the porch sits and watches the wind and rain.
The front river and the back ridge are covered with clouds, and thousands of valleys and forests send rain.
Bamboo branches are depressed in Shanghai, and the wind blows the corner of the mountain to see the light again.
I don't think the house is leaking, but I'm going to wash my armor.
Notes on the title or background of a book.
This poem was written four years after Song Gaozong suggested it. At this time, the author is old and avoids disaster in Jiangnan. Chen is a poet who has experienced many vicissitudes. He always suffers from the pain of the Northern Song Dynasty and the pain of his native land. He wanted to restore the mountains and rivers in his heart, but by this time he was senile. The author's unique perception of wind and rain is related to his unique life experience. He wrote this poem because the mountains and rivers are broken and the people are suffering deeply.
"The sea overwhelms the bamboo branches, the wind blows the mountain corners dark and sees the light again" shows his reasonable and open-minded mentality, and at the same time realism contains dialectical philosophy. "One yin and one yang is the Tao" is a simple dialectics formed by ancient people in China. Wind and rain and sunny days are exactly the poles of yin and yang. After a long period of rain, it will clear up. This principle can also be applied to the situation of the country. Although the Song Dynasty is now divided into two parts, the general trend of the world will be combined for a long time, and one day the motherland will be unified. This poem tells us that everything is not static, everything will be reversed, and poverty is a natural law.
Learning poetry (two out of three)
Wu Ke in Southern Song Dynasty
one
Learning poetry is like learning Zen, and the bamboo couch has been futon for several years.
Be kind to yourself, and you will be detached when you are free.
Notes on the title or background of a book.
Wu is a poetry theorist in the late Northern Song Dynasty and early Southern Song Dynasty. He likes to use Zen theory in his poems. The comparison between the "enlightenment" of northern Zen and the "epiphany" of southern Zen shows that writing poetry needs a long-term accumulation process.
The poem says that "the futon on the bamboo couch doesn't count the years", which means that learning poetry creation should be as much as studying and writing as Northern Zen. Wu Ke does not think that gradual enlightenment and epiphany are opposites. He used "epiphany" to explain that learning to write poetry should also pay attention to understanding. This understanding does not come out of thin air, but is accumulated through long-term exercise. Once "enlightened" in your mind, you can create "transcendental" poems, which are effortless and easy to write. This poem shows how the poet accumulated material, and after repeated deliberation, he finally reached the creative realm of practice makes perfect.
Secondly,
Learning poetry is like learning meditation, but it is not enough to spread it on your head.
Jumping out of Shaolin Temple, my husband's ambition soared.
Notes on the title or background of a book.
This poem is still based on meditation, emphasizing that writing poetry requires personal understanding, not just imitation, and it is a true "ambition" to be unique. "Put your head on your head" is an allusion, which means redundancy and repetition. Wu can used this allusion to illustrate that the most important thing in poetry is novelty, so he should be independent and not absorb the wisdom of others.
Learning poetry (two out of three)
Gong Xiang in the Southern Song Dynasty
one
Learning poetry is like learning meditation, only when you realize that your age is years.
It's still a mistake to turn the stone into gold. Mountains and rivers are still there.
Notes on the title or background of a book.
Gong Xiang's life is closely related to that of Wu Ke. This group of poems was written by him in imitation of three study poems by Wu Ke. It mainly uses Zen to explain that poetry should not rely on predecessors, but should be based on personal understanding to create original, natural and elegant works. Gong Xiang believes that the way of poetry is similar to meditation, which is to understand the essence of things through "enlightenment". As far as poetry is concerned, that is the essence of creation. That's what the first couplet says: "You know it, but you don't know its year." . Gong, on the other hand, imitates Huang Tingjian's thought of "turning stone into gold". He believes that this practice of playing with allusions and words actually hinders the poet from expressing his feelings. Real poetry should be inspired from the heart and invented, just like the running water of a piano piece, which will naturally make people associate after reading it. This poem puts forward the truth that poetry should follow from the perspective of overall grasp, that is, poetry is expensive, new and true.
Secondly,
Learning poetry is like learning Zen, and language can arrange to convey meaning.
Understanding is the ultrasonic method, and there is no need to refine the stone to make up the sky.
Notes on the title or background of a book.
This poem mainly expounds that we should pay attention to the creation of artistic conception, rather than over-tempering words, and the structural arrangement of words should take expression as the highest principle. Poetry is like meditation. In Zen's view, writing is also an obstacle to practice, the so-called "writing obstacle". The key to enlightenment lies not in words, but in inner insight. As far as poetry is concerned, if a poet has some feelings, he will not be bound by the laws of poetry. In choosing words and making sentences, a poet should pursue a natural realm, which is conducive to expressing the poet's own wonderful understanding and does not need to abide by any strict statutes.
Youshan west village
Land tour in southern song dynasty
Don't laugh at the farmhouse music brewed in the muddled month. In the harvest month, the dishes for guests are very rich.
There is no way to go because of the winding water flow in the mountains, and a mountain village suddenly appears in the willow-green flower bay.
The day of playing flute and drums is approaching, and the villagers are still dressed simply.
In the future, if you can go out in the moonlight, I will knock on your door at any time with my cane.
Notes on the title or background of a book.
This poem was written on the road for three years. Just the year before, the author was dismissed by Qin Gui and others on charges of "admonishing Taiwan and singing right and wrong" and returned to his hometown. From the intrigue and fierce struggle of officialdom to the quiet and leisurely countryside, the poet put down the burden of the past and sincerely devoted himself to the pastoral scenery he loved. The first couplet is about the warm hospitality and sincere friendship of farmers, and the word "don't laugh" is the poet's sincere admiration for the simple folk customs. Zhuan Xu is a famous sentence that has been told through the ages. It is written that the rural environment is quiet and beautiful, and the rural roads are winding. After walking for a long time, the author couldn't help wondering if he was lost, but in a blink of an eye, someone else appeared again. At this time, the joy jumped from the paper, giving people a feeling of being suddenly enlightened. These two poems are only descriptions of objective scenery, but they have written the meaning outside the text and contain profound philosophy. Enlighten people to face the reality and not be afraid to retreat, which will definitely create a brand-new realm.
After Xiao, a scholar in Luling (second selection)
Land tour in southern song dynasty
Secondly,
Since ancient times, the law has not been solitary, and idiots want to be empty.
I can know that the beauty of your poems lies in mountains and rivers.
Notes on the title or background of a book.
This poem was written by the author in his later years, and it is a comment on the small poems of Luling literati. Poetry inherits the characteristics of poets who love to talk about poetry. In the process of evaluating Xiao's poetry, it points out the truth that practice produces true knowledge. "Fa is not alone" is a Zen saying, which emphasizes the connection between cause and effect. Everything happens for a reason, and the appearance of cause and effect needs the help of fate. Lu You borrowed this concept and applied it to literary creation, which means that the author's artistic conception is not created out of thin air, but through various connections with real life.
Carving the Empty uses the allusion of "sudden confusion" in Emperor Zhuangzi. Lu You used this allusion to illustrate the damage to literary creation by destroying the original relationship between things, reflecting the importance of real life to literary creation. This leads to the two most incisive sentences in this poem, "I can know the beauty of your poems, and it is all in the mountains and rivers", which means that Xiao's poems come from rich real life experience. He is good at describing the scenery he saw on the way, because he saw it with his own eyes, so it looks real and vivid. The reason stated in this poem is simple and clear, that is, only practice can produce correct understanding, and understanding must also be tested by practice.
Read to my son on winter nights.
Land tour in southern song dynasty
The ancients learned nothing, and it takes time to grow old.
What you get on paper is so shallow that you never know what you have to do.
Notes on the title or background of a book.
This poem was written to children by the author Qingyuan in five years, which embodies the author's educational view.
The first sentence is a compliment to the hard-working spirit of the ancients, warning children to go all out in their studies without reservation. The second sentence is about the difficulty of learning. From a teenager, we should form good study habits, and after decades of hard work, we can finally achieve something. In the last two sentences, the poet further pointed out the importance of practical experience. These two sentences are often used to explain the relationship between knowledge, indirect experience and personal practice and direct experience. A person who has both book knowledge and practical experience is truly learned.