This poem takes the "Dapeng" flying high and far as the most important clue. The image of "Dapeng" has special symbolic significance for Li Bai. We turn to Li Taibai, and the first work in the first volume is Fu Dapeng. This poem was originally written in Li Bai's youth, which has obvious self-comparison. In Preface to Fu Dapeng, he bluntly declared: "I saw Sima Weizi in Jiangling and on the rooftop, which shows that I have a saint-like demeanor, which can be compared with my mind." "Dapeng meets rare birds" is very popular. "The image of Dapeng in literary works first appeared in the pre-Qin period. Zhuangzi, who is also the master of ancient romanticism in China, created this artistic image with imaginative romantic pen in his stunning masterpiece "Wandering Away": "There are fish in the north, called Kun, whose size is unknown for thousands of miles. Become a bird. Its name is Peng. Peng's back is thousands of miles away. Fly away in anger, and its wings hang like clouds in the sky. " In Happy Travel, Dapeng set out from Beiming, spread his wings and soared for 3,000 miles. Wan Li climbed up and flew all the way to the South China Sea, which was completely unexpected. This Dapeng, shaped by Zhuangzi's brilliant pen of flowers, is full of personality and romantic sentiment, disdains to go with the flow, and has ambitions and abilities that ordinary birds can't imagine, which undoubtedly has a great influence on Li Bai. As we all know, Li Bai thought highly of himself all his life. In this essay, Li Bai, a teenager, compares himself to Dapeng and expresses his extraordinary ambition of "struggling to turn the sky into the sky and shaking the sea" with passionate brushstrokes. Later, Li Bai was frustrated in Chang 'an officialdom, squeezed out by the powerful people in the DPRK, and paid back by Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty. After that, he didn't lose heart, and the image of Dapeng was still active in his poetry creation. The most famous is "Dapeng rises in the wind one day and soars into Wan Li" in Li Yong. If the wind weakens, it can still lift away the turbulent current. ..... "At this time, Dapeng is no longer as arrogant and brave as he was at home. Although he failed, he is still unwilling to be lonely and still struggling, but in Ge, he is overwhelmed and has reached the terminal of fate. Li Bai, a romantic genius who calls himself Dapeng, is about to complete his lifelong struggle, from "the sky turns to the sky, and the mountains shake the sea" to "the wind is broken, but the clouds are surging" and then to "the sky is weak and indestructible". Although his vitality and influence are high and low in different stages of life, his tenacity is accompanied by his life. In his early years, he was a top player. " Jet will generate electricity in Liuhe, and it will fly thousands of miles "("Fu Dapeng "); After leaving Chang 'an, he is still unwilling to fail, eager to make a comeback one day. "Dapeng rises with the wind one day and soars into Wan Li" ("Li Yong"); In his later years, on his deathbed, he was still singing "Bazi in Xi Town, Peng Fei" ("Brother Lu")! Eight people are from all directions. This is singing that he is flying high in the sky like a Dapeng bird, and its momentum is shocking in all directions. He also said in the preface of Fu Dapeng that he would "wander on the octupole table". The image of Dapeng, free from all bondage and always eager to soar, is the best artistic portrayal of Li Bai's own pursuit. This time, however, Li Bai understood that this has become a regret that can never be realized. So the second sentence is "the sky is too weak to be destroyed", but unfortunately it only flew halfway, but because its wings were broken, it could not fly again. These two poems at the beginning of Duiluge can be said to sum up the poet Li Bai's life's struggle experience artistically. He was favored by the supreme ruler in his early years. Chang' an imperial court, attracting thousands of people's attention, has unlimited scenery. It's really "a big fly, a great shock to eight people"! But in the end, due to the negligence of calculation, the villain in the DPRK was driven out of the court and had to leave the political center not far away. Although he is full of lofty sentiments, he can't serve his country. "Isn't the sky full of destruction? "This poem was written in the style of Chu Ci. From the first day of Qu Yuan's creation, it has obvious tragic color and strong personality style. Therefore, it is appropriate for Li Bai to sum up his life experience and pursuit with Chu Ci.
Then, the poet went on to write: "The afterwind stirs up eternal life, and I swim with the help of mulberry." The first sentence is easier to understand, indicating shock and encouragement. That is to say, although his personal pursuit failed in the end, his legacy will spread forever in the world, stirring people with lofty ideals all over the world for generations. This is also a manifestation of extreme self-confidence, which smacks of "living as an outstanding person and dying as a ghost". Even if he failed, he refused to give up, mainly believing that his choice was correct. Therefore, he firmly believes that although he unfortunately failed in the process of pursuing his ideal and finally failed to get what he wanted, the road he chose was not wrong, and it was also because of his lofty personality in the tortuous process of pursuing his ideal. This is also the perfect embodiment of Dapeng spirit. No matter before or after death, Dapeng Wan Li's spirit of flying high and fighting the sky is immortal. The "hibiscus" mentioned in the last sentence is a mythical tree that grows in the East. It is said that the sun rises under the hibiscus tree. In ancient China, the sun was always regarded as the symbol of kings, so the "traveling mulberry" here should refer to Li Bai's own experience as an academician beside the emperor. Since Fusang grew up in the place where the sun rises, it is obviously not easy for ordinary people to get involved, let alone hang their sleeves on the branches of Fusang in thousands of feet, which is as high as a tree. There was also a romantic in ancient China, and his poems mentioned swimming in Fusang. This is Qu Yuan, the father of China's poetry. In Li Sao, he said, "Drinking one more horse is better than one helping mulberry." Coincidentally, two of the most romantic poets in China's literary world, the early Qu Yuan, tied their saddles to a hibiscus tree. The word "gong" has related meanings, and "bridle" is the reins to control animals. However, in the Tang Dynasty, Li Bai let Fusang hang on his left sleeve. Waiter, here are the sleeves. How can a mortal imagine that he can travel where the sun rises one day? How can you be trapped by thousands of feet Furong? Then only the magical Dapeng bird can fly to Fusang, but where did Dapeng come from? It should be a clear "left wing". Here, sometimes "Dapeng" flies high, sometimes "Zuomei" hangs branches, sometimes Dapeng birds, and sometimes Li Taibai. This is also a state of virtual reality, similar to the legend of Zhuang Zhou's dream butterfly. Zhuangzi couldn't figure out whether he dreamed of butterflies because he was born in Zhuang Zhou, or whether it was butterflies who dreamed of Zhuang Zhou. Here, Li Bai seems to be deliberately confusing the objective boundary between himself and Dapeng, resulting in a feeling of confusion. Probably in Li Bai's mind, Dapeng is inseparable from himself. If we analyze it rationally, it will be illogical and even counterintuitive. But from the perspective of romantic life, we can clearly feel that the truth of this art is not difficult to understand at all, and it also conforms to Li Bai's consistent thinking characteristics.
"Later generations got the word, but who cried when Zhong Ni died?" The end of this poem is actually the end of the life of a generation of poets. Why can't Li Bai help sending out such feelings and questions? The first sentence is to imagine that future generations got the bad news of the big Pengfei Zhongtian, but unfortunately it was destroyed halfway, and then tell each other; The latter sentence uses a famous allusion. According to legend, in the Spring and Autumn Period, in fourteen years, Lu hunted a unicorn. Confucius was very sad when he heard about it. He believes that Kirin is a kind of god, and it will only appear in times of peace and prosperity. Now it happened in troubled times and was caught at the wrong time, so he recorded it with great sadness and despair, and then stopped writing Chunqiu. Now, however, Confucius is long dead. Who can really cry for the sudden death of Dapeng Zhongtian like Confucius cried for the death of Kirin? It turned out that although Li Bai was convinced that his misfortune would attract universal attention, it was just a sigh of regret. He lamented that in today's world, he doesn't have a true confidant. People often say, "How many people can know each other?" This is what Du Fu said when he summed up Li Bai's life in a poem. It is "fame for a thousand years, fame for ten thousand years, what's good about it? If you die, it's gone" (Li Bai's Dream). Maybe some people will think, how did Li Taibai, who lived a wild life, think of Confucius and Old Master Q, the most sacred prophet of Confucianism, when he died? In fact, this is not surprising, because in Li Bai's mind, he has always praised Confucius as a great man. The first sentence in his famous 59 poems "Antique", "I don't want to be elegant for a long time, but who will fail me", is like the Confucian saying "Whoever wants to rule the world will give me up" (Mencius). In this poem, "I hope that if a saint stands, he will never write again." The idea of "deleting six classics" and "reflecting thousands of spring" here is not only Li Bai's lofty evaluation of Kong Old Master Q, but also his personal goal of that year. He hoped that what he had done would eventually become a "saint" in people's eyes like Confucius after ending his career. So when he really came to the end of his life, looking back on his life, he found that he not only failed to complete his original ambition of "deleting the Six Classics", but even did not have a real confidant. Of course, no one can understand his inner sadness.
The two images at the beginning and end of this poem fully prove Li Bai's gratitude and ambition all his life. One is Dapeng, who flies high, and the other is Confucius, who deleted the Six Classics, reflecting a thousand spring, which are outstanding representatives in the romantic world and real life respectively. Judging from Li Bai's representative works, it also fully proves that Li Bai is a social person who fundamentally combines reality with romance. But he hopes to complete his ideal of improving the present situation and realizing his life value in a romantic and unusual way. Although Li Bai died with a cavity of grief and indignation and left the world for which he fought tenaciously all his life, his painstaking efforts were not in vain, although at that time, perhaps no one shed tears because of the fall of this literary superstar, and no one even knew about his death. There are not always such touching legends. Li Bai got drunk on the caishiji near the Yangtze River in Maanshan, Anhui, and saw the moon in the river. Who risked his life to jump into the river and die to catch the moon? Today, there is another scenic spot in Caishiji to commemorate Li Bai's throwing himself into the river called "Rushing to Taiwan". However, with the passage of time and the filtration of historical waves, Li Bai's positive and romantic feelings, upright and lofty sentiments, and the spirit of dedicating himself to his ideals, especially nearly a thousand passionate poems reflecting his lifelong pursuit and expression of various aesthetic feelings in the world, have already become one of the most precious spiritual heritages of the Chinese nation, even going to the world. Li Bai's romantic spirit and the colorful music he wrote by romantic means have long been immortal. From this perspective, Li Bai really has nothing to regret, because he once imagined himself as a Dapeng bird that never gave up, and this Dapeng bird has been living in the hearts of all people who love life and yearn for freedom, accompanying them to the other side of a better life. In this sense, Li Bai really "reflected a thousand springs".