Liu Yong's ci is mostly written by fallen prostitutes, mixed with many vulgar and low-level descriptions. However, the author has sincere sympathy for those unfortunate people who live in humble places, and even "clothes are getting wider and wider, and people are haggard for Iraq (them)", so they can sing their deep pain and desire for free life. Therefore, his works still have certain social significance. Although his works describing the city scenery are inevitably exaggerated, they open up the theme of the ci and are of certain value to understanding the face of the city at that time. This kind of works is famous for describing the prosperity of Hangzhou, Wang Haichao. "Sanqiu has cassia seeds, and there are lotus flowers in ten miles" is one of the famous sentences.
The highest achievements in Liu's ci are those that describe the wandering rivers and lakes and the suffering of traveling, such as the masterpiece Lin Yuling:
It's too late for Changting. At the beginning of the shower, Doumen (Jingmen) has no intention of drinking (setting up a farewell party) before staying overnight, and Lanzhou urges him to send it. Holding hands and looking at each other, tears swirled in my eyes until there were no words at last, and a thousand words stuck in my throat and I couldn't say it. Thinking of returning to the south this time, this journey is another road. Thousands of miles away, it is misty, and the night sky is a vast night fog.
Emotional parting has existed since ancient times, and it is more comparable. It is also a cold autumn festival. Who knows where I am when I am awake tonight? Fear is just the edge, facing the sad morning wind and the setting sun of the waning moon. This is a long time, people who love each other are not together, and I even expect to be satisfied with the good weather and scenery in name only. Customs are strange, who should I talk to?
The scene of parting between the two sides and the emotional description of parting are layered on top of each other, and the next one is the coldness and sadness after parting. The whole poem is full of scenes and is very poetic. Klang Ganzhou is also a masterpiece in this respect. Through the rendering of bleak autumn scenery, this poem expresses the frustration and homesickness of the wanderer. The three sentences of "first frost is getting colder, closing the door to the cold river, and the sunset shines as a building" are particularly prominent, so that Su Shi, who has always despised Liu Ci, also praised him for "not reducing the prosperity of the Tang Dynasty".
In addition to ci, Liu Yong's long poem "Boiling the Sea Song" written when he was a salt official is also worth mentioning. The poem describes the poverty of the salt people living on the seashore, exposes and punishes the cruel exploitation of the salt people by officials and profiteers, and reflects that the author has more than just wine and beautiful women in his mind.
Liu Yong had a great influence in the history of ci. He was the first writer who "changed old sounds into new ones" and produced a large number of slow words. Slow words have more capacity and expressive force than poems. Although it has long been popular among the people, scholars seldom use it. Liu Yong is proficient in music and has lived in the lower class for a long time, so he can absorb the experience of folk creation and make slow ci develop into a mature style parallel to Xiao Ling, thus making new contributions to the development of ci. At the same time, he has made great achievements in the use of language. His words are mostly spoken, and the language is easy to understand. Therefore, at that time, from the mainland to Xixia, "where there is well water to drink, you can sing willow words", which was very prominent among poets in the Northern Song Dynasty.
Note: 1. Look at the tide:
``````` Southeast shape wins, the three cities of Wu, and Qiantang has been prosperous since ancient times. Smoke willow painting bridge, wind curtain and green curtain, interlaced with 100 thousand people. Clouds and trees surround the dike sand, and the raging waves roll frost and snow, and the natural hazards are endless. The city is full of jewels, and every household in Luo Qi is competing for beauty.
Sanqiu cassia seed, Shili lotus flower. Qiang tube clear sky in Wan Li, night, enjoy the lotus. Riding a thousand times with high teeth, listening to flutes and drums and enjoying the haze. The map of the future will be good. I will go back to Fengchi to boast.
2. The source of the inscription
The inscription of ``````` is also written as "Rain Bell". Legend has it that when Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty entered Shu, he pretended to play this song because he smelled the bells in the rain and missed Yang Guifei. This piece of music itself has a sad element. After Ma Wei's mutiny, Yang Guifei hanged herself. After putting down the rebellion, Xuanzong returned to the north, and the wind and rain hit the emperor's death knell all the way. Xuanzong was built in memory of Yang Guifei. Volume 5 of Lan Feng Man Zhi is quoted from Miscellaneous Notes of Ming Di and Biography of Feiyang: "Ming Di is lucky to be in Shu, traveling southwest, entering the oblique valley for the first time, and hearing the bell in the rain on the plank road, his voice is corresponding to the mountain. The grieving imperial concubine in the world chose her voice as the song "Yulinling" to express my regret. Zhang Yehu is the only disciple of Shiliyuan, and he is good at swaddling. Because he screwed up, it spread to the world. " This is also the origin of the inscription "Yu Linling". There are many masterpieces in later generations. In the Song Dynasty, Liu Yong's Yuling Order was the most famous.
Liu Yong, (about 987- about 1053), a famous poet in the Northern Song Dynasty, is the most representative figure of graceful and restrained school.