First of all, exaggerated figures
Reading Li Bai's poems gives people a feeling of suddenly flying from the ground to the clouds, because Li Bai often uses some exaggerated numbers in his poems. Li Bai still maintains a consistent style in Shu Dao Nan. "Forty-eight thousand years" refers to the time that has passed since the founding of ancient Shu, which can be described as a long time. Yang Xiong said that the ancient history of Shu was 34,000 years, but Li Bai felt that it was not exaggerated enough. He added14,000 years, which was an exaggeration to the extreme. "Qingni Mountain consists of many circles, and every hundred steps, we have to turn nine bends in the middle of its mound." Here, it is said that Baibu Mountain Road will turn nine bends. What is said here is that nine is not an exact number, and there are many words that show the twists and turns of Qingni Mountain. "Although the Diaolouguan is strong, one person can keep it, but ten thousand people can't break it." By comparing two figures here, we can see that the danger of Jiange is easy to keep but difficult to attack.
Second, exaggerated image.
In this poem, Li Bai chose a lot of images to frame the poem, including fairy tales and natural scenery. For example, "Six Dragons Return to the Sun" refers to the peak of Shu Road, which goes straight into the sky and becomes the coordinate of the sun's reincarnation, saying that it is majestic and steep. "Flying straight down the waterfall" and "turning the cliff into stone" make a thunderous sound, and the danger is endless. These images are mainly chosen to compare the precipitousness and peril of Shu Road, and it is more difficult to highlight the trip to Shu Road than to ascend to heaven. Li Bai set these images in a certain discourse situation and vividly described the hardships of Shu Dao with exaggerated methods.
Third, exaggerated artistic conception
Li Bai mainly chose two scenes to describe in detail: one is in Qingniling and the other is in the ancient forest. Time is night, which highlights the dangers of Shu Road. The road on Qingniling Road twists and turns, and pedestrians are so nervous that they can't breathe. In the Woods, the ancient trees are towering, only the sad birds can be heard howling in the ancient trees, and the cuckoo can be heard whining in the Woods, revealing loneliness and sadness.
Fourth, exaggerated emotions.
Since ancient times, the difficult theme of Shu Dao has been the focus of debate. But judging from the poem itself, the writing intention of this poem is only to bid farewell to friends in Sichuan. The ancients wrote a lot of farewell poems, which often expressed the meaning of remembering the past, unwilling to let friends leave and wishing them well. Li Bai also expressed these meanings in Shu Dao Nan, such as "I wonder if the journey to the west is endless", "Hey, people far away, Hu Wei is here" and "I would like to return to my hometown as soon as possible", all of which clearly hoped that his friends would come back soon and not stay in Shu for too long. However, this kind of emotion is too exaggerated to read. When friends want to travel far away, they just need to say something caring when they say goodbye, but Li Bai does not hesitate to describe the Shu Road in an exaggerated way. Shu soldiers are like tigers and snakes, making friends afraid of difficulties, thus achieving the purpose of retaining them.