The meter of sonnets mainly includes line, rhyme, syllable, tone and structure.
Number of lines: fourteen lines are required, and each line is not necessarily a complete sentence. Sometimes a sentence with coherent meaning is divided into two lines for rhyme, but the number of words in each line is not necessarily the same.
Second, the structure: generally divided into two parts. The number of lines in the front and back parts of different poems is different. Peterak's style consists of two quatrains (***8 lines) and two three-line poems (***6 lines).
3. Rhyme is one of the difficulties and characteristics of sonnets. Sonnets are based on different poetic styles: 4 to 5 in Peterak style, 6 in Spencer style, 7 in Shakespeare style and 7 in onegin Poetry Festival. English vocabulary is generally composed of polysyllabic words.
Fourth, the collocation of light and heavy sounds. China's metrical poems are quatrains, which require each poem to be even and flat, so as to make the tone cadence and sonorous. Sonnets do not require the same number of poems per line, but they require the same pace, two syllables, one light and one heavy. Spencer and Shakespeare require five steps with 65,438+00 syllables per line. Peterak style requires 1 1 syllable; French needs 12 syllables.
Extended data:
Because of the need of music harmony, the meter of sonnets is also quite strict, and in some places, the harshness (such as rhyming requirements) even exceeds that of China's ancient poems.
This poetic style has been widely used since Europe entered the Renaissance. The Italian poet Petrarch became the most important representative of the use of sonnets. He wrote 375 sonnets in his life, which were collected as lyrics and dedicated to his lover Laura.
In his sonnets, each poem is divided into two parts: the first part consists of two sonnets, and the second part consists of two sonnets, that is, arranged in four, four, three and three. Its rhyming formats include ABBA, ABBA, CDE, CDE or ABBA, ABBA, CDC, DCD and ABBA, ABBA, CDC, CDC and so on. Each line has eleven syllables, usually iambic.
The origin of sonnets may come from the influence of love poems of minstrels among Sicilian court poets in the13rd century.
Sonnets are widely circulated in the west. In addition to Italy (represented by Petrarch) and Britain (represented by Shakespeare), some people in Spain, France, Portugal, Germany, Poland and Russia also wrote sonnets, but their achievements were not as good as the former. China's new poetry poets mainly imitate other poems and Shakespeare's poems.
It is generally believed that China's greatest achievement in writing sonnets should be Feng Zhi, whose main work is sonnets. Feng Zhi, a former professor of Tongji University and director of the affiliated middle school, is probably the most famous literary master in Tongji history.
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