Shieryer
(Southern Song Dynasty) Lu You (1125-1210)
I know that when I die, everything on earth has nothing to do with me. But the only thing that hurts me is that I failed to see the reunification of the motherland.
Therefore, when the great Song Jun team recaptures the Central Plains, you will hold a home banquet ceremony. Don't forget to tell me the good news!
[Edit this paragraph] Poetry
I didn't know there was nothing to worry about until I died. The only regret was that I couldn't see the reunification of the motherland with my own eyes. Tell me about the good news that the army of the Song Dynasty recovered the lost land in the Central Plains and held a family sacrifice.
[Edit this paragraph] Brief analysis
Lu You, a patriotic poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, devoted his life to the just cause of resisting gold and recovering lost land. Although squeezed out and hit by capitulationists, patriotic enthusiasm never waned. The poem "Shizi" is a will written by the poet to his son at the last moment of his life, which expresses the poet's deep and strong patriotic passion of never forgetting the "Northern Central Plains" and reunifying the motherland until his death.
The first sentence is "everything is empty when you die." "Yuan Zhi", already know; "Everything is empty" means that everything can be attached after death. But then the meaning of the second sentence changed: "but I can't see the sad Kyushu", but I can't let go of one thing, that is, the lost land has not been recovered and I have not seen the reunification of the motherland with my own eyes. The third sentence of this poem, "Julian Waghann concentrated in the north", shows that although the poet is deeply distressed, he is not desperate. He firmly believed that one day the army of the Song Dynasty could pacify the Central Plains and recover lost territory. With this sentence, the mood of the poem changed from sadness to passion. At the end of the last sentence, my mood changed again, but when I was alive, I couldn't see the day when the motherland was reunified, so I had to pin my hopes on future generations. So I told my son affectionately, don't forget to tell him the good news of "Beiding Zhongyuan" when offering sacrifices at home.
This poem is Lu You's masterpiece. Before he died, he was still obsessed with the territory and people of the Central Plains occupied by the Nuzhen nobles, eagerly looking forward to the reunification of the motherland, so he specially wrote this poem as a will to earnestly warn his son. From here, we can realize how persistent, deep, warm and sincere the patriotic passion of the poet is! It is no wonder that since the Southern Song Dynasty, anyone who has read this poem will be moved by it, especially when foreign enemies invaded or the motherland split, which caused countless people to praise it.
This poem is full of twists and turns, which sincerely expresses the poet's complex thoughts and feelings at the end of his life, including endless resentment against the unfinished golden cause and firm belief that the sacred cause will be realized. The whole poem has a sad element, but the tone is passionate. The language of poetry is natural, without any carving, but it is a natural expression of true feelings, but it is more beautiful and moving than deliberately carved poetry.
[Edit this paragraph] Introduction to Land Tour
Lu You (1125-1210), a native of Yinshan, Yuezhou, is an outstanding patriotic poet in China. He has always insisted on resisting gold, and has been rejected and hit by the establishment in his official career. In middle age, he went to Shu to resist Jin, and military life enriched his literary content. His works reveal great light and become an outstanding poet. The amount of words is not as large as that of poems, but it runs through the spirit of patriotism like poems.
In his life and his more than 9,000 poems, a strong patriotic spirit has always permeated and permeated, thus forming the most remarkable feature of his poetry creation and establishing his lofty position in the poetry circle of the motherland. Many of his poems are patriotic.
In the era of Lu You's life, Jin Guo, the northern minority regime, frequently waged wars against Song Dynasty. The poor and weak Song Dynasty lost a lot of land and was forced to move southward constantly, and the people lived in war and turmoil. As a teenager, Lu You had to flee with his family and suffered from being displaced from place to place. /kloc-At the beginning of the 20th century, the Nuzhen nationality in the northeast of China established the State of Jin. In the second year after Lu You was born, Jin occupied Bianjing (now Kaifeng City, Henan Province), the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty. In the third year, Hui Di and Emperor Qin were exiled, and the country perished in the Northern Song Dynasty. Zhao Gou, the younger brother of Qin Zong, fled to the south. When he established political power in Lin 'an (now Hangzhou, Zhejiang), he not only failed to recover lost ground, but appointed the notorious traitor Qin Gui as the prime minister, intending to kneel down and make peace with the Jin people. In the twelfth year of Shaoxing (1 142), the negotiation was successful. Zhao Gou was shameless, claiming to be a courtier of Guo Xu, and promised to offer 252,000 pieces of silver and 250,000 pieces of silk every year to bid for the Huaihe River with the Jin people. From then on, the great rivers and mountains in the north became the territory of the Jin people, and the vast people in the north were enslaved by the Jin people, while the small court in the Southern Song Dynasty was just a corner of peace, surviving under the threat of the enemy. Later, the Longxing Peace Conference signed by Zhao Tuo and Kim and the Kathy Peace Conference signed by Ning and Kim were still humiliating peace talks. Of course, this situation is intolerable to the vast majority of Han people who have always opposed ethnic oppression. Therefore, in this historical era, I don't know how many outstanding sons and daughters of the Chinese nation have stepped forward and launched an indomitable struggle, and Lu You is their outstanding representative on the literary front.
The poem ShiZi is Lu You's masterpiece. Before he died, he was still obsessed with the territory and people of the Central Plains occupied by the Nuzhen nobles, eagerly looking forward to the reunification of the motherland, so he specially wrote this poem as a will to earnestly warn his son. From here, we can realize how persistent, deep, warm and sincere the patriotic passion of the poet is! It is no wonder that since the Southern Song Dynasty, anyone who has read this poem will be moved by it, especially when foreign enemies invaded or the motherland split, which caused countless people to praise it. This poem is also Lu You's last wish for his son. This poem expresses that a dying old man will never forget his motherland destroyed by foreign invasion. He hopes that on the day when the motherland is recovered, his children can tell him the news of victory. From this poem, people can feel an old poet's strong patriotic feelings on his deathbed. Poverty inherits the wind! Of course, the so-called "five or six out of ten" and "three or four out of ten" here are only rough statistics, and they are only quantitative and superficial; But it can also be seen that the "quality" of Lu You is consistent, from small to large. This poem "ShiZi" is a patriotic spark from generate at the end of his life, and it is also a summary of his patriotic thoughts and poems all his life.
Scholars of all ages have read the poem Xiuzi, and they are all moved by it. As early as the Southern Song Dynasty, Liu Kezhuang had a quatrain saying:
It is better to see Lu's death before death, and it is easy to get angry. Xiao Lu was ashamed and recommended Julian Waghann to Luoyang!
As far as I can see, there are no fewer than 30 other comments on Lu's poems (please refer to the Collection of Research Materials on Lu You compiled by Comrade Kong and me), or they have the meaning of "crossing the river in three calls" or are in the same strain as Du Fu's "Loyal to the country". Some of them are crying after reading it, while others feel the same way, which makes people feel deeply. It serves to show that this poem is sincere and touching!
Xiuer is a precious cultural heritage of the Chinese nation. Now, although seven or eight hundred years have passed since Lu You wrote Xiu Er, the patriotic enthusiasm expressed in the poem is still tearful and thought-provoking. "When a bird is dying, its song is also sad; People are dying, and their words are good. " In this poem, the plaintive voice of "but we can't see Kyushu together" is still a powerful call for the recognition of the reunification and return of the motherland!
Lu You lived in the late Northern Song Dynasty and the first half of the Southern Song Dynasty. Because he fled from the enemy's invasion in his childhood and was inspired by the patriotic remarks of his family and relatives, Lu You felt deeply about the serious national disaster at that time, so as early as his adolescence, he planted the seeds of patriotic revenge in his heart. Since then, this seed has taken root, sprouted, dried up and blossomed, whether it was an official in the imperial court and local government, or joined the army in the front line of Sichuan and Shaanxi, and lived in Shaoxing's hometown in his later years. Although it was constantly destroyed by wind and rain, it also grew, grew, and finally produced rich fruits. Zhao Yi, a poet in Qing Dynasty, wrote a passage in Ou Bei Shi Hua, which is very general. He said:
When Weng Fang was in his teens, he had learned the order of putting good before evil, so he was as cold as ice. As far as the meaning of Spring and Autumn Annals is concerned, it is nothing more than a transgressor, so it will remain unchanged for life. After entering Shu, under the protection of the envoy Wang Yan, he passed through Nanzheng to meet Shu and Du. He is full of ambition and really wants to swallow his hands and clouds. In all likelihood, his poems are restored. After leaving Shu, it is still three or four out of ten. After the 1970 s, ... there was no ambition to restore reputation. However, as his "Feeling the Past of the Central Plains" said, "Begging for the East China Sea to Wash the Lake and Sand" and "Travel Notes of Old Horse" said, "The drought locust in the Central Plains has declined, and Julian Waghann sent a letter to the North. When it heard the drum beating, it was still possible to win the country and Zhao Yan ",it was still unforgettable. On my deathbed, there was a saying that "Julian Waghann will set the Central Plains in the north, and the family sacrifice will not forget the words", which shows the ambition of birds flying.
1234 After the Jin Dynasty was destroyed by Mongolia, the Southern Song government transferred troops from Huaixi to Kaifeng, and divided troops from Kaifeng to recapture Luoyang. Liu Yi was excited, thinking that Lu You's descendants would obey his will and tell Nai Weng the good news. However, the good times did not last long. The small court in the Southern Song Dynasty, dominated by singing, dancing, lakes, mountains and treacherous court officials, could not resist the fallen nomads, let alone the Mongolian army, which was "an enemy of zhangfang". Thanks to patriotic soldiers and civilians, this crumbling regime lasted for more than forty years. At this time, Lin Jingxi, a adherent of the Southern Song Dynasty, wrote a poem "Reading Lu Fangweng's Poems", the meaning of which was extremely painful. The last four sentences were:
"Castle peak full of sorrow, war all over the southeast. But if you don't see Kyushu, how can you know the family sacrifice? "
In other words, when Lu You died, it was a pity that he didn't see Kyushu Tong. Now his grandchildren have seen this situation, but it was not the Song Dynasty that unified China, but the emerging Yuan Empire. How can such news be told to his old man's house? Of the two poems mentioned above, the first one is full of the passion of "however, I packed my books and poems crazily", and the second one expresses the grief of "the voice of national subjugation mourns". Both joy and sadness are caused by the poem "Xiuzi". Their patriotic enthusiasm is closely related to land travel. They are all examples of China's patriotic poets, which are unforgettable even now.
But most of the above people were infected by this poem, which led to the decline of * * *, but they didn't have time to make a detailed analysis of its content. What is worthy of readers' reference and recommendation is the article Patriotic Poetry by contemporary Mr. Zhu Ziqing. In this article, he divides the patriotic poems in China's classical poems into three items: one is loyalty to the ancient times, that is, loyalty to a surname; Secondly, praise the soldiers who bravely killed the enemy; Secondly, it is also hatred of aliens. And pointed out that the third item is based on nationality and has a wider scope. He believes that Lu You "has always been an official, but his patriotic enthusiasm is not just for the reputation of the Zhao family. He joined the army in the northwest and strengthened the enemy. For the sake of the nation and the country, he always has the ambition to restore the Central Plains. " Therefore, among the patriotic poems of past dynasties, he especially praised this poem "Shizi" and made a concrete analysis of it:
As an outstanding poet, Lu You wrote more than 9,300 poems in his life. Most of these poems are related to fighting against invaders. Or describe the fiery life in the army, "naked, sleeping in first frost", or repose deep worries about the future and destiny of the motherland and the gloomy mood of serving the country with full blood.