original text
The moon on the horizon rose to the top of the tree, scaring away the magpies perched on the branches. The cool evening breeze seems to have spread to cicadas in the distance. In the fragrance of rice and flowers, people talk about the harvest of a year, and frogs croak in their ears, as if in a bumper harvest year. In the old days, Maodian was near the forest, and the road turned to the stream bridge.
Note Xijiangyue: epigraph name. Huangsha: Huangshaling, in the west of Shangrao, Jiangxi. "Bright Moon" sentence: Su Shi's poem "Er Yun Jiang Ying Shu" says: "The bright moon surprises the magpie." Other branches: oblique branches. Society: Land Temple. In ancient times, there were community trees in the village, which were sacred places, so they were called community forests. See: Same: Now. The bright moon shines on the magpie on the oblique branches, making it fly uneasily, and there are waves of cicadas singing in the midnight breeze. The fragrance of rice and flowers brings the message of harvest, singing the songs of harvest, and frogs are linked together. Seven or eight stars, flashing in the distant horizon, two or three raindrops, sprinkled in front of the peak. Where did the cabin shop next to the social forest go? Turning the stone bridge by the stream, he suddenly appeared in front of him.
Make an appreciative comment
This article is the masterpiece of the author when he lived with the lake in Shangrao. It depicts the beautiful scenery of the rural summer night through its own specific feelings in The Yellow Sand Road at Night. The image is vivid, the feeling is cordial and delicate, and the brushwork is light and lively, which makes people feel realistic. This word embodies the diversity of Xin ci style. In the last movie, we used some familiar words, such as "bright moon" and "breeze". However, when they are combined with "parting surprise magpie" and "cicada singing in the third night", they form a deep artistic conception of paying equal attention to melody and sound, and moving and moving Xian Yi, and people even ignore the plainness and stability of these two sentences. "Moon" and "Surprising Magpie", "Wind" and "Singing Cicada" are not simple lists of things, but are intrinsically related and causal. In the third and fourth sentences, the author grasps the most distinctive things in the countryside on summer nights and further promotes them. Due to the limited visibility at night, the author's feelings are not mainly absorbed by the eyes, but sometimes captured by the organs of smell and hearing. "When the rice is fragrant, it is said that the harvest is good and the frog sounds", which is described from two aspects: smell and hearing. This is the main brain between the lines, and it is the root of the cheerful mood that covers the whole article. Although the last movie was about a sunny night, it was already raining. People with rich experience in rural life seem to be able to smell and hear the information that a shower is coming from the "rice fragrance" and "frog sound". The next pen turned and walked into the rain. But not in the rain, but before it. The first sentence is looking from a distance: "There are seven or eight stars in the sky", which means that there are dark clouds everywhere, and sparse starlight can be seen through the clouds. This realm is quite different from the atmosphere in the last movie. The second sentence; "It rains before Zhongshan at two or three o'clock" is the message that showers are coming and heavy rain is coming. Since the raindrops have been sprinkled in front of the mountain, they should be sprinkled behind it. The author's mood became a little anxious, so he naturally wanted to hurry up or find a shelter from the rain. The third and fourth sentences describe this kind of psychological activity: "In the old days, Maodian was at the edge of the forest, and the road turned to Xiqiao." Because the author usually travels in Huangsha Road, I know there is a thatched shop next to the Woods, but at this time, because it is night, I am flustered and suddenly disappeared. However, after crossing the stone bridge on the stream and following a bend, the old acquaintance's maodian suddenly appeared in front of us. How happy it should be! This word fully embodies the author's joy of harvest and his love for rural life.
Looking at the Sea and Cao Cao (Eastern Han Dynasty)
On the east coast, climb Jieshi Mountain to see the vast sea. The sea is so vast that the islands stand high on the sea. Trees and paraquat are very lush. Autumn wind makes trees make sad sounds, and the sea is surging. The movement of the sun and the moon seems to come from the vast ocean. A trip to the sun and the moon, if unexpected; Han is a talented star, if you take him by surprise. I am glad to use this poem to express my inner desire.
translate
Climb Jieshi Mountain to the east, and you can feel the sea. How vast the sea is, and the mountain island stands high on the seaside. Trees and herbs are clustered together and are very lush. The autumn wind blows the trees and makes a sad sound, and the sea is rough. The movement of the sun and the moon seems to start from this vast ocean. The Milky Way is dotted with stars, as if it were born in this vast ocean. Fortunately, let's use poetry to express our thoughts.
Poetry appreciation
Judging from the genre of poetry, this is an ancient poem; In terms of expression, this is a lyric poem about the scenery. The words "Jieshi is in the east, looking at the sea" point out the positioning of "looking at the sea": the poet climbed to the top of Jieshi, with a broad vision and a panoramic view of the sea. The following ten descriptions are almost all derived from this. The word "Guan" plays a leading role in the whole article, which embodies the characteristics of this poem's open artistic conception and vigorous momentum. The first four lines describe the scene of the sea, which is dynamic and quiet. For example, "autumn wind is bleak and the waves are rough" and "what is the water like" describe dynamic scenery, while "trees are full of vegetation" and "mountains and islands are full of scenery" describe static scenery. Guan Canghai, selected from Yuefu poems, is the first chapter of Yuefu poem Going Out in Summer. "The water is full of water, and the mountains and islands are all scenery" is the general impression of seeing the sea at the beginning, which is a bit like a thick line in the painting. In this rippling sea, the first thing you see is the towering mountain islands, which are dotted on the flat and wide sea, making the sea look magical and spectacular. These two sentences roughly outline the prospect of the sea, which will be described in depth at different levels below. "There are many trees and plenty of herbs. The autumn wind is bleak, and Hongbo surges. " The first two sentences specifically describe the mountain island: although the autumn wind is bleak and the vegetation is withered, the trees on the island are lush and the grass is flourishing, giving people a poetic feeling. The last two sentences are a further description of the sentence "What is water like?". Look carefully, the sea in the bleak autumn wind is actually a huge wave, surging and undulating. Here, although it is a typical autumn environment, it is not as bleak and desolate as autumn. Facing the bleak autumn wind, the author wrote the vastness and magnificence of the sea: in the bleak autumn wind, the sea is rough and meets the sky; The mountain island is tall and straight, with lush vegetation and no fading and sentimental artistic conception. This new realm and new style just reflect his "martyr" mind. "The trip to the sun and the moon, if unexpected; Xinghan is brilliant, if it is unexpected. " The previous description is observed from the plane of the sea. These four sentences are related to the boundless universe, showing the momentum and strength of the sea to the readers: the vast sea is connected with the sky, and the air is turbid; In front of this magnificent sea, the sun, the moon, the stars and the Han (the Milky Way) are all small, and their operation seems to be freely absorbed by the sea. The sea described by the poet here is not only the real scene in front of him, but also his own imagination and exaggeration, which shows the magnificent atmosphere of the universe and is full of the momentum of "the five mountains start from the square". This kind of "cage cover breathing atmosphere" is the artistic realm of the poet's "eyes" and "chest". From the heart, if the poet had no grand political ambition, no ambition to make contributions, and no optimistic attitude full of confidence in the future, he would never have written such a magnificent poetic scene.
Liu Yuxi in the humble abode of Ming Dynasty
The mountain is not high, and the fairy is famous. The water is not deep, and the dragon is the spirit. I am a humble room, but I am virtuous. The moss on the stage is green, and the curtain grass is green. There is no Ding Bai who laughs and has a university. You can tune the pipa and read Jin Dian. There is no messy silk and bamboo ear, and there is no working form of the case. Zhuge Lu in Nanyang and Ting Yun Pavilion in West Shu. Kong Ziyun: What's wrong?
The mountain is not high, as long as there are immortals living there, they will be famous. Water is not deep, as long as there is a dragon, it is supernatural. This is a humble room, but I (the owner of the humble room) is famous for my character. The moss is green and grows to the steps; The grass is green and reflected in the curtains. All the people talking and laughing here are knowledgeable scholars, and there are no people with shallow knowledge. You can play the unpretentious guqin and read Buddhist scriptures. No noisy orchestral music disturbs (my) ears, and no official documents make (my) body tired. There is Zhuge Liang's thatched cottage in Nanyang, and Yang Ziyun's pavilion in West Shu (Zhuge Lu and Ziyun Pavilion are both humble, but they are admired because their owners are famous). Confucius said, "What is so simple?"
I am a humble room, but I am virtuous.
Sentences reflecting the quiet environment of the humble room: the moss on the stage is green, and the curtain is green.
A sentence that reflects the author's elegant communication: There are great scholars in laughter, but there is no Ding Bai in communication.
Sentences reflecting the author's interest in activities: You can tune the piano and read Jin Dian. There is no confusion, and there is no complicated form.
The author compares himself to ancient celebrities: Zhuge Lu in Nanyang and Ting Yun Pavilion in West Shu.
A finishing touch in the full text: Kong Ziyun: What's the matter?
The next berth on Beibao Mountain [Tang] Wang Wan
Under the blue mountain, my boat and I meandered along the green water. Until the river bank widens at low tide, and no wind blows my lonely sail. ... night gives way to the ocean of the sun, and the old year melts in freshness. Finally, I can send my messenger, Wild Goose, back to Luoyang.
Annotation translation
To annotate ...
This poem is selected from the whole Tang Dynasty. 1. times: Accommodation means berthing, with a temporary stop on the way. 2. Beigushan: Located in the north of Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, bordering the Yangtze River in the north. 3. Guest Road: Journey. 4. Castle Peak: refers to Beigushan Mountain. 5. Green water: Yangtze River 6. Forward: Sail forward. 7. Leveling: Leveling, the high tide is flush with the shore. 8. Widening the banks until the ebb tide: The water between the banks is wide at the high tide. 9. the wind is positive: smooth (and) and. 10. Hang: Hang. 1 1. Sea Sun: The rising sun at sea. 12. The night is broken, which means that the day will break. At the end of the night. 13. Old year: unfinished year. 14. The old year melts in fresh water: Spring comes early on the river, the old year has not passed, and the new year has arrived. 15. hometown letter: home letter (home letter). 16. Guiyan: Wild geese fly to the south every autumn and return to the north in spring. In ancient times, geese were used to deliver letters. 17. Bian: Spoken in the Tang Dynasty, which means the same as "Chu" and generally refers to a place. 18. Goose, returning to Luoyang: I hope that the geese returning from the north will send letters to Luoyang from their hometown. The overall meaning of this poem is: tourists pass by the desolate Gubei Mountain, and the boat goes forward with a blue river. The spring tide is rising, and the rivers on both sides are wider. sail before the wind just hung the sail high. The red sun broke through the night and rose from the sea, and the spring breeze at the end of early spring swept across the river. I don't know when the letter from home will arrive. When will Guiyan fly to Luoyang?
Thematic induction
In the poem, the poet uses the scenery to express his feelings, describes in detail the open and beautiful early spring scenery in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, expresses the poet's love for the mountains and rivers of the motherland, reveals his sincere homesickness, and also expresses his thoughts and feelings of missing his relatives in his hometown. This is a poem about the journey.
Yueyang Tower: Fan Zhongyan in Northern Song Dynasty
original text
Li Qing stayed in Baling County in the spring of the fourth year. In the coming year (4), political integrity and harmony (5), everything will flourish (6). Is to rebuild Yueyang Tower, add its old system (7), and engrave Tang Xian's modern poems on it. Genus (zh incarnation) wrote to (yú) to record it (8). In (fú) Baling victory (9) was in Dongting Lake. Distant mountains, swallowing the Yangtze River, Hao Tang (shāng)( 10), boundless (11); Sunny in the morning and cloudy at night (12). This is the grand view of Yueyang Tower (13), which was prepared by the predecessors (14). The Wuxia Gorge in the north (15), Xiaoxiang in the South Pole (16) and the poets who emigrated to other places mostly met here (17). There is nothing unusual about the feeling of seeing things (18)? If it rains heavily (19), even the month (20) will not open; Evil wind howling (háo)(2 1), turbid waves emptying; Sun, Moon, Stars (Yao) (22) and Mountains (23); Business travel is not good, but it is not good either (24); Thin (bó) dusk (25), tigers roar and apes crow. There are also homesick people in Dunsi (26) building, who are worried (chán), afraid of ridicule (jο)(27), desolate everywhere and extremely sad (28). To Ruochun, Jingming (29), Langjing (30), Tianlan (31); , Jinlianyong (32 years old), Kishi Nobusuke (33 years old), Lan (33 years old), (34 years old), (30 years old). Or disappear (35), the moon is thousands of miles away (36), floating gold (37), and still shadows (38); Answer to the fishing song (39), what's so funny about it (40)! If you climb the stairs, you will feel relaxed and happy (465,438+0), forget to spoil (xié) (42), welcome wine (43) and make you happy (44). Oh, my (jiē) husband (fú)(45)! Give (yú) a taste of the ancient benevolent heart (46), or the difference between them (47). What is it (zāi)? Do not rejoice in things, do not grieve for yourself (48); If you live in a high temple, you will worry about the people (49); If you stay away from Jianghu, you will worry about your husband (50). Yes, (5 1) is worried about progress and retrogression. But when will you be happy? It must be said: "Worry about the world first, and enjoy the world later" (52). Hey (y: and)! Wes, who shall we return to (53)? 1September 1996 15 edited the translation of this paragraph.
In the spring of Li Qing's fourth year (1044), Teng was demoted as the satrap of Baling. In the second year, the political affairs were smooth, the people were happy, and all kinds of waste businesses flourished.
. So the Yueyang Tower was rebuilt, and the original scale was expanded, and the poems of celebrities and modern people in the Tang Dynasty were engraved on it. Teng Amethyst asked me to write an article about it. I think all the beautiful scenery in Baling County is on Dongting Lake. It is connected with the distant mountains and breathes the water of the Yangtze River. The water waves are vast, the current is big and urgent, and it is wide and boundless. The sun shines in the morning, the sky is overcast at night, and the scene is ever-changing. This is the magnificent scene of Yueyang Tower, which has been described in detail by predecessors. Then, most of the officials and poets who were demoted and moved here went straight to Wuxia in the north and Xiaoshui Xiangjiang in the south, and the feelings caused by seeing natural scenery would probably be different, right? Like continuous rain, when it is not clear for several months, the cold wind howls and the turbid waves rush to the sky; The sun, the moon and the stars cover their brilliance, and the mountains cover their appearance; Businessmen and passengers couldn't get through, the mast fell and the paddle was broken; As night fell, it was dark, only the tiger was roaring and the ape was crying sadly. When you climb Yueyang Tower, you will feel that you have left Beijing and missed your hometown. You are afraid that others will speak ill of you and ridicule you. Then you will look up and see the depressing and cold scene, and you will feel extremely sad. As for the spring breeze, when the sun is shining, the lake is calm, the sky is connected with the lake, and it is green and boundless; Sha Ou sometimes flies and sometimes stops, and beautiful fish swim around in the lake; The flowers and plants on the lakeshore and sandbar are rich in fragrance and lush in vegetation. Sometimes the smoke on the lake completely dissipates, the bright moonlight pours away, the fluctuating light shines with golden light, the quiet moon is like a jade that sinks into the water, and fishermen sing to each other. How can such fun be endless! When you climb the Yueyang Tower, you will feel relaxed and happy, and forget the glory and shame together. When you drink wine in the breeze, you will be really happy! Alas! I have explored the minds of people with noble morality in ancient times, which may be different from the above two manifestations. Why? Don't be happy or sad because of external things and your own gains and losses. Worried about Shu Ren in the high temple (facing the DPRK); Being in the wild rivers and lakes (in the wild) is worrying about you. In this way, (they) are also worried about becoming an official in the DPRK and retiring to the rivers and lakes for the people. So when will you be happy? Then you must say, "worry about the world first, and then enjoy the world." . Ah! Without this person, who would I be with? Written in Li Qing on September 15th, 6th (1046). Edit this paragraph comment.
Fan Zhongyan (989- 1052), born in Wuxian, Suzhou (now Wuxian, Jiangsu), was a politician, strategist and writer in the Northern Song Dynasty. Yueyang Tower is located at the foot of Baqiu Mountain in the northwest of Yueyang City, Hunan Province. Its predecessor was the parade platform of Lu Su, commander-in-chief of the State of Wu during the Three Kingdoms period. ② Four years in Li Qing: A.D. 1044. Li Qing, Zhao Zhen's year number in Song Renzong. (3) Teng (zhé) defends Baling County: Teng was demoted as the prefect of Yuezhou. Teng Amethyst's name is Zong Liang, which is his word and Fan Zhongyan's friend. Chen was demoted or transferred as an official of the feudal dynasty. Guard, refers to the county's chief. Baling: The county name, namely Yuezhou, is located in Yueyang City, Hunan Province. (4) Next year: the second year, five years in Li Qing (1045). The more later. (5) Political integrity and harmony: Political integrity and harmony make people happy. Politics, politics; Pass the customs smoothly; Harmony, harmony. This is a compliment to Teng Amethyst. (6) Set various things that should be done but not done. Waste, all kinds of abandoned business. Use "all", all, all. Xing, established. (7) It is to rebuild Yueyang Tower and increase its old system: Yes, then; Jiu, adverb. Increase, expand. Old system: original building scale. (8) Genus (zhǔ) to (yú) Write a composition and remember it: Genus, through "entrustment", entrustment. Composition, writing articles. Therefore, it is used to express the victory of Baling: the demonstrative pronoun "Fu" is equivalent to "Na". Victory, scenery, good scenery. One: all of them. Victory: Very good. (10) Title (xián) Distant Mountain, Swallowing Yangtze River, Haotang: Title, Cohesion. Swallow it, swallow it. Soup soup (shāng): The current is big and fast. (1 1) boundless: boundless. Horizontal: Guangyuan. International border: the edge. The difference between international and international: international refers to the land boundary and international refers to the water boundary. (12) It is sunny in the morning and cloudy at night, full of weather: it turns cloudy and sunny in the morning and evening. In the morning, nouns are adverbials. Hui: Sunshine. Yin, dark. Weather, sight. Qian Qian is ever-changing (13). This is the grand view of Yueyang Tower: this, this. Then, just. Magnificent scenery. (14) Previous descriptions are very detailed. What the predecessors said refers to the above-mentioned "Tang Xianshi and Modern Fu". Be prepared, detailed and complete. Alas, the modal particle "le". Yes, yes. (15) However, it is connected with northern martial arts: However: Even so, then. North: Nouns as adverbials face north. (16) Xiaoxiang, Antarctica: It goes directly to Xiaoxiang and Xiangshui in the south. Xiaoshui is a tributary of Xiangshui. Hunan water flows into Dongting Lake. South, south. To the extreme, to the end. (17) Poets who have moved to other places often live here: guests who have moved, people who have been exiled. A poet or poet. During the Warring States Period, Qu Yuan wrote Li Sao, so later generations also called poets poets. Will's party Yes, yes. Here, here. (18) It's nothing unusual to see things: the feeling caused by seeing natural scenery will probably be different, right? Browse, look, look. No ... anyway, is it ... maybe. Different: different. (19) Ruofu (yín) Feifei (fēifēi): Ruofu, a word used at the beginning of a paragraph to arouse discussion. The following "Zhi Ruo" is used at the beginning of another paragraph, causing another discussion. "Ruofu" is similar to "like that". "Zhi Ruo" is similar to "As for" and "Like" continuous rain. It's raining, and the rain (or snow) is dense. Lu, that's too much. (20) Opening: The original meaning refers to lifting, and in this article it refers to cleaning. (2 1) Evil wind whistling (háo), turbid waves emptying: cloudy cold. No, whistle; Turbidity, turbidity. Running for the sky in the air. (22) Yao: The sun, the moon and the stars hide their brilliance. Obsidian, brilliance, light. (23) Mountain shape: The mountain has lost its shape. Yue, a tall mountain. Diving, disappearing. Form, trace. (24) qiáng and jí: The mast fell down and the paddle was broken. Mast. Hey, paddle. Fall, fall. (25) Dusk: In the evening, it is very dark. Thin and approaching. Dim: A dim appearance. (26) S: This refers to Yueyang Tower. (27) Some people go to the countryside to feel homesick, worry and sneer: then, just. Have, produce ... (emotion). Going to the countryside to miss home, worry and sneer: leave the capital, miss home, worry about others saying bad things, and be afraid of criticism. Let's go. Leave. State and national capital refer to capital. Go to the countryside and leave Kyoto, that is, leave the imperial court. Fear, fear, fear. Worry, worry. Say something ugly. Scold, blame. (28) Despair is everywhere, and people who feel extremely sad: desolate and depressed. Feeling, feeling. However, to the extreme, it means sequential connection. People, representing sad feelings, play an important role. (29) To Ruochun and Jingming: If the sun is warm in spring. Spring is harmonious and spring breeze is warm. Scenery, sunshine. Bright and bright. (30) Calm: The lake is calm and there are no stormy waves. Start, start. It means "up" and "moving" here. (3 1) The upper and lower sky is a blue sky: the upper and lower sky is connected with the lake, and it is green and boundless. First of all, all. Vast and boundless, the scope is extremely wide. (32) Sha Ou Ji Xiang, Jinlin Swimming: Sha Ou sometimes flies and sometimes stops, and beautiful fish swim around in the water. Seagulls on sandbars in Sha Ou. Ji Xiang, sometimes fly, sometimes stop. Stop, stop, the bird stops in the tree. Brocade refers to beautiful fish. Fish scale means fish. Swim: refers to floating on the water. Swimming means diving into the water. (33) Shore Zhi (zhǐ): flowers and plants on the shore and on the small continent. Wisdom: Vanilla. D: Zhou Xiao. (34) gloomy: describes lush vegetation. (35) And the long smoke disappears: sometimes a large piece of smoke disappears completely. Or sometimes. Dragon: A blockbuster. One, all of them. Empty: dissipate. The bright moon shines thousands of miles. (37) Floating gold: The fluctuating light flashes gold. This is a description of water waves in the moonlight. (38) Still shadows sink to the wall: the lake is calm, and the bright moon shines on the water, as if the jade wall sinks. Bi, Yuanyu. This is about the moon shadow in the water when there is no wind. (39) The fisherman answers with a song: the fisherman answers with a song. Answer, it should be with. (40) He Ji: Where is the destination? Extreme: the end. (4 1) Feel relaxed and happy: cheerful. Open, open. Hey, happy. (42) Love and shame (xié) Forget: I forgot all the honors and disgraces. Together, together. Pets, glory. Shame, shame. (43) Bring the wine to the front of the wind: Holding the wine in front of the wind means drinking it in the breeze. Keep: keep, keep. Face, face. Yang Yang: Happy and proud. (45) Er (ji) Fu: Alas. Fu is two words, both modal particles. (46) Taste the heart of the ancients: once. Look for, explore. Ancient benevolent people, ancient noble people. Heart, thoughts and feelings (mind). (47) or different: perhaps it is different from the above two people's thoughts and feelings. Or, close to the meaning of "maybe" and "maybe", to put it mildly. Different from. For, here refers to psychological activities. Both refer to "sadness" and "joy" in the first two paragraphs. (48) Don't be happy with things, don't be sad with yourself: don't be happy or sad with foreign things (good or bad) and yourself (gains and losses) (this sentence is intertextuality). So, because. (49) If you live in a high temple, you will worry about the people: if you are an official, you will worry about the people. It means to be an official in North Korea. Temple, ancestral hall. Hall, palace. Temple: refers to the imperial court. In the following, "Jin" means "staying at the height of the temple". (50) Far away, the rivers and lakes, and near, the worries of the monarch: far away, the worries of the monarch, meaning far away from the court to be an official. The following "retreat" means "stay away from the rivers and lakes". 1. The post-attributive sign. (5 1) Yes: Yes. Kim: Be an official in the imperial court. Retire: not to be an official in the court. (52) It must be said that "the world is worried first, and then the world is happy." It must be said that "worry about the world first, and then enjoy the world." First, before; After that, after that. Its: refers to "ancient benevolent people." Must: definitely. (53) Wes, to whom shall we return: (If) there is no such person, who shall I go with? Micro, no. People, such people. Whoever returns is "who returns". Return, take refuge
Main idea
This narrative tells the whole story. By describing the scenery of Yueyang Tower and the different feelings of the poets who moved to the building after visiting it, they expressed their life attitude and political ambition of "worrying about the world first, and enjoying the world later".
theme
"Dongting is the water of the world, and Yueyang is the building of the world." When it comes to Yueyang Tower, people will naturally think of Fan Zhongyan, a famous minister throughout the ages, and The Story of Yueyang Tower, which shows Fan Zhongyan's broad mind, and praise his political ambition and attitude towards life. It can be said that people pay too much attention to Fan Zhongyan, and few people think of Teng, who has made great contributions. Not only self-encouragement, but also encouragement with friends.
Ailian in the Northern Song Dynasty called Zhou Dunyi.
original text
Flowers and aquatic plants on the land are lovely (fán). Tao Jinyuan clearly loves chrysanthemums. Since coming, the world has loved peony very much (some versions are "Sheng"). For the lotus that loves you alone, the mud does not touch, the lotus is clear, the lotus (lián) is not evil, straight through, not tendril (màn) is not branched, the fragrance is far away and clear, and it is graceful, so you can look at it from a distance without playing (xiè). To call chrysanthemum, the seclusion of flowers (y) is also; Peony, blooming with wealth; Lotus, the gentleman of flowers. Hey (y: and)! The love of chrysanthemums and flowers, Tao (Xi mǎn m?n) has also been heard. Who gave the lotus love? Peony love is suitable for all ages!
Translation:
There are many kinds of herbs and woody flowers on the water and land. Tao Yuanming only loves chrysanthemums in Jin Dynasty. Since Li in Tang Dynasty, people all over the world have loved peony very much. I only like lotus flowers that are not stained with mud, and they don't look seductive after being washed with clear water. Its stem is open (hollow) in the middle, its shape is straight, unconnected and unbranched, and the fragrance spreads farther and farther, the more beautiful it is. It stands straight and clean, and people can look at them from a distance, but they can't get close to it, and they can't play with it gently. In my opinion, chrysanthemum is a hermit in flowers; Peony is a rich person in flowers; Lotus is a noble flower. Alas! People who love chrysanthemums have rarely heard of them since Tao Yuanming. Who else likes lotus as much as I do? Of course, there are many people who love peony.
The work of Zhou Dunyi, a scholar in the Northern Song Dynasty, is an essay. In the eighth year of Renzong in the Northern Song Dynasty (1063), Zhou Dunyi, Shen Xiyan and Qian Tuo * * * traveled to Luo Yan, Yudu County, Jiangxi Province and carved stones with poems. Later, Shen Xiyan built a lotus pavilion in Lushan Mountain and asked Zhou Dunyi to write an inscription. Zhou Dunyi wrote "Ailian Shuo" as a gift, indicating that he "does not touch mud, but is not demon, straight through, and does not crawl; Aromatic and clear, graceful and pure; Can be seen from a distance but not ridiculous ... ". "Shuo" is one of the ancient styles.
The Original Text and Translation of Ten Analects of Confucius
[Original]
Confucius said, "It's better to keep pace with the times, isn't it? Is it not delightful to have friends coming from distant quarters? Ignorance and dissatisfaction are not gentlemen? "
Confucius said, "Reviewing the past and learning the new can be a teacher."
Confucius said: "learning without thinking is useless;" It is dangerous to think without learning. "
Confucius said, "What do you know? Knowing is knowing, not knowing is not knowing, but knowing. "
Zi Gong asked, "Why did Confucius call it Wen?" Confucius said, "I am quick and eager to learn, and I am not ashamed to ask questions. It is called' Wen'."
Confucius said, "It is not good for me to learn without being silent, to learn without being tired, and to teach without being tired!"
Confucius said, "For a threesome, there must be a teacher; Choose good and follow it, but change it if it is not good. "
Confucius said, "Knowing is not as good as being kind, and being kind is not as good as being happy."
The son was on the river and said, "The deceased is like a husband, not giving up day and night."
Confucius said, "I don't eat every day and I don't sleep at night. It's no use thinking about it. It is better to learn. "
[translation]
Confucius said, "isn't it a pleasure to learn knowledge and then review it on time?" Is it not delightful to have friends coming from distant quarters? I am talented, others don't understand me, but I am not angry myself. Isn't that what a noble man has? "
Confucius said: "review the past and learn new things, and people can be teachers."
Confucius said: "if you don't know how to think when you study, you will be confused;" You can't learn anything if you think without learning. "
Confucius said, "You (Luz)! Teach you what' knowledge' is! Knowing is knowing, not knowing is not knowing, this is real knowledge! "
Zi Gong asked, "Why is Kong Wen Zi called Wen?" Confucius said: "Confucius is smart and eager to learn, and he is not ashamed to ask others less than himself, so he is called' Wen'!"
Confucius said, "What can I do to silently remember what I have learned, but I am not satisfied with learning and tirelessly teach others?"
Confucius said, "When three people walk together, one of them will be my teacher; Choose their strengths to learn, and get rid of their weaknesses. "
Confucius said, "Those who know are not as good as those who love, and those who love are not as good as those who enjoy."
Confucius said by the river: "The lost time is like this river! Day and night. "
Confucius said: "I used to eat all day and stay up all night to think, but I didn't make progress." It is better to study. "