"Chang' an is an infinite tree, only weeping willows can stay." (Liu Yuxi's Nine Poems of Yang Liuzhi) Farewell is the most essential artistic feature of Liu's image. There are countless good sentences in ancient poems and songs that express parting feelings through willow images. "Spring breeze knows not to suffer, and it doesn't send wicker green. "(Li Bai's" Old Pavilion ")" The rain in Weicheng is light and dusty, and the guest house is green and willow. I advise you to drink more wine, there is no reason to bask in the sun in the west. " (Wang Wei's "Send Yuan Er Shi Anxi") "Raise the head of the Yangtze River and worry about killing people crossing the river." (Zheng Gu's "Farewell to Friends in Huaishang") "It seems that it is not refined. Huayang is a bit, a drop of tears. " (Su Shi's "Water") "Affectionate feelings have been hurting and parting since ancient times, and neglecting the Qing Autumn Festival is even worse. You wake up from the wine tonight, Yang Liuan, and the wind will stop. " (Liu Yong's Yulin Order) "It's hard to tie the willow silk to the jade. I hate not caring about the forest." (Wang Shifu's "The West Chamber") These beautiful words and expressions are all sentimental with willows.
The image of willow is associated with parting. First of all, because the willow posture is graceful and soft, gentle and affectionate. "I often go, Liu Yiyi; I think about it today, it's raining. " (The Book of Songs? Xiaoya? Liu's reluctance to part with people's feelings of parting blended, so that Liu Xie of the Southern Dynasties wrote in Wen Xin Diao Long? Xun praised: "Burning peach blossoms is like a willow. It is believed that "Willow Yiyi" vividly shows Liu Yang's feminine realm. "With less, there is always more, and the feelings are clear. "From the source of The Book of Songs, the willow image in China's classical poems has always been suggestive and enlightening.
Secondly, it is because the ancients had the custom of folding willows to bid farewell. The so-called "bringing wine to spring, folding willows is parting." This custom prevailed in the Tang Dynasty. At that time, many people in Chang 'an went to Baqiao to fold willows to bid farewell. According to "Three Auxiliary Huang Tu", "Baqiao Bridge is in Chang 'an East, crossing the water is the bridge, and the Han people see Fujian off at this bridge, and the willows are folded to bid farewell. "This is the earliest record about the close relationship between folding willows and giving people away." A dangerous building with high poles and low dust, what can a bridge climb? Think about it as a heartless tree. I don't know how to welcome people, I will only give them away. " (Pei Shuo's "Liu") "Baqiao Ada, Qujiang Pool Pavilion, should treat people." (Lu You's Eye-catching) "The willow green is drooping and the flowers are long and sultry. The wicker flies and asks the pedestrian whether to return. " (Anonymous Farewell)
Third, "Liu" and "Liu" are homophonic, and folding the willow to bid farewell means talking about staying, expressing the feeling that you can't leave as soon as possible. "Xicheng Lane Yangliuchun is soft, moving away from sorrow, tears cannot be collected. I still remember my feelings. I once went back to the boat for the department. On the day of Bi Ye Zhu Qiao, people disappeared and the water was empty. " (Qin Guan's "Jiangchengzi")
One more thing, there is a farewell song of "Folding Willow" in ancient music. For example, there is the song "Folding Willow" in Han Yuefu's "Cross Blowing Song". There is a saying in the folk song "Folding Willow Songs" in the Northern Dynasties, "Don't mention the whip when you get on the horse, but fold Yang Liuzhi instead". Wang Zhihuan, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote Liangzhou Ci: "The Yellow River is far above the white clouds, and the lonely city is covered with Wan Ren Mountain. Why bother to complain about the willow, the spring breeze is only Yumenguan. " Among them, "Liu Yang" refers to the song "Folding Liu Yang". Li Bai's "Smelling the Flute in Luoyang on a Spring Night" is even better: "Yu Di flies and scatters into the spring breeze in Los Angeles. In this serenade, I heard the willows, and no one can stand the nostalgia. " Smelling the flute evokes homesickness and touches it with sadness. Why? Therefore, the flute plays the song "Folding Willow"!
Second, sing beautiful spring scenery with willows.
Willow grows in spring, dense in summer, with lush foliage and full of vitality. Therefore, the ancients often used Liu Yin to praise spring and nature. For example, "Yin's back eaves, Luo tang qian." (Tao Yuanming's "Returning to the Garden") "The rain in Tianjie is crisp and crisp, and the grass color is far away. The most important benefit is the spring of the year, which is better than the willow. " (Han Yu's "Early Spring Rain") "The spring breeze willows want to be green, and the smoke is light and rainy." (Yan Shu's "Complain") "There are one or two orioles at the bottom of the leaves, and the sheep are light in the daytime." (Yan Shu's "Broken Array") "Poplar smoke is lighter than Xiaohan, and red apricot branches are full of spring." (Song Qi's "Yulouchun") "Yichuan tobacco, full of wind, plum yellow rain." (He Zhu's Jade Case) The spring scenery is beautiful and picturesque, which makes people linger. One of the most famous poems of the Tang Dynasty poet He Yong Liu sings beautiful spring scenery through the willow: "Jasper is dressed as a tree, and thousands of strands of moss hang down. I don't know who cut the thin leaves, and the spring breeze in February is like scissors. " The use of metaphor and personification not only shows the exquisite beauty of willow leaves, praises the vitality of spring, but also arouses readers' association, leaving a very broad imagination space, which can be called willow's eternal swan song.
There are also willows that express their feelings of cherishing and hurting spring. For example, "the willow is dark and the flowers are bright, and the smoke is woven." Begonia has not been wet by the rain, pear blossoms are like snow, but it's a pity that spring is half over. Now the past is hard to recall, and the soul in the dream walks around the boudoir building where you lived. Acacia only exists, lilac branches and nutmeg tops. "Another example is," Baling Bridge is intertwined with smoke and willows, and the scenery is the best. "Yang withered and Liu withered, and after several climbs, the waist of Chu Palace was haggard." (Liu Yong's Youth Journey) organically combined the feelings of hurting spring, parting and lovesickness.