A Summary of Common Allusions in Ancient Poetry of College Entrance Examination

Chinese is the first exam in the college entrance examination, and the quality of Chinese performance has an important influence on the later exams. Among Chinese subjects, appreciation of ancient poetry occupies a large proportion and is a compulsory content every year. Candidates generally feel difficult, and the college entrance examination is approaching. Now I will summarize some commonly used ancient poetry allusions as follows, hoping to help you save review time and better cope with the Chinese exam. 1, ice and snow use the crystal of ice and snow to compare loyalty and noble character. For example, "Luoyang relatives and friends ask each other, and a piece of ice heart is in the jade pot." (Wang Changling's Farewell to Xin Jian at Furong Inn) Bing Xin: A noble soul. The ancients used "as clear as jade pot ice" as a metaphor for a person's open and aboveboard mind. Another example is "I should miss Linghai for many years, alone, my liver and lungs are all ice and snow." During her one-year career in Lingnan, her personality and conduct are as crystal clear and noble as ice and snow. 2, the moon misses the moon-causing parting and homesickness. For example, "looking up, I found that it was moonlight, and then sinking, I suddenly remembered home." (Li Bai's Silent Night Thinking) For example, "The small building was easterly again last night, so my country could not bear to look back on the bright moon." (Li Yu's "Yu Meiren") Looking at the moon and thinking about the old country shows the special pain of the monarch who has perished. For example, "There are 300,000 people in the village, and I look back at the moon for a while." Hundreds of thousands of soldiers in moraine, desert and vast desert all looked up at the rising moon for a time and could not restrain their homesickness. 3. Willows fold willows to bid farewell. Since the Han Dynasty, people have often expressed their feelings of parting by folding willows, which triggered the yearning for distant relatives and the homesickness of travelers. For example, the poem "Farewell" tested by 1987: willow trees are hanging on the ground and flowers are flying in the sky. Willow branches are broken and flowers are flying. Will pedestrians come back? Because of the homophonic sound of "willow" and "willow", the ancients often used folding willows to express their deep feelings of farewell. This custom began in the Han Dynasty and flourished in the Tang Dynasty. In the Han dynasty, there was a tune called "Folding Willow", which expressed farewell feelings in the form of playing. In the Tang Dynasty, Baling Bridge in Xi 'an was the only place for people to leave Chang 'an when they went to all parts of the country, and Baling Bridge was surrounded by willows, so it became a famous place for the ancients to fold willows to bid farewell. For example, the poem "Willow leaves every year, Baling is sad to say goodbye" was used by later generations as the source of farewell allusions. Therefore, there are poems in the text, "Qingyang is more separated from strangers." In "Lin Yuling", Liu Yong expresses the sadness of parting with "Where to wake up after drinking tonight, Yang Liuan, where the wind is resting". "When I hear the sound of the flute breaking the willow, I don't see the spring scenery", which means that the tune of "breaking the willow" in the flute spreads far away, but I don't see the willow green and spring scenery, so as to express my feelings of sighing for the spring. "Who can't afford to miss home?" It's about hearing the tune of "folding willow" tonight. Who doesn't miss his hometown? 4. Cicada is virtuous. The ancients thought that cicada eating wind and drinking dew was a symbol of nobility, so the ancients often used cicada's nobility to express its noble character. "Tang Poetry" says: "Every time a cicada sings, it respects its nature." Because cicadas live on high branches, eat wind and sleep outdoors, and don't eat fireworks, so their moral character belongs to lofty type. A political prisoner is listening to Luo's Cicada: "Who knows if he is still singing?" Li Shangyin's Cicada: I am pure in mind, so I long to live a pure life like you. Wang's: "I am noble and I am in pain." Yu Shinan's Cicada: "It is not the autumn wind that makes you aloof." They all use cicadas as a metaphor for noble morality. 5. Vegetation contrasts desolation with vegetation prosperity to express ups and downs. For example, "after ten miles of spring breeze, wheat is green." (Jiang Kui's "Yangzhou Slow") The spring breeze is ten miles, and Yangzhou Road, which was once very prosperous, is now full of green wheat and desolate. "The old garden is bleak and new, and Ling sings without winning spring." The willows in the wasteland of the old garden of Wu State have sprouted new branches (desolation). Looking back, it is more beautiful than when the song and dance were crowing in spring. Here, lush willows set off desolation. "It's spring when the grass is green in front of the steps, and birds are singing happily under the leaves." A generation of sages and their achievements have disappeared. Now, only the grass reflected by the green stone steps gives birth to spring scenery every year (spring scenery is beautiful), and the oriole makes this beautiful cry in vain. The poet lamented that the past was empty and deeply regretted. "There are wild grass flowers on Suzaku Bridge, and the sunset at the entrance of Wuyi Lane is oblique." (Liu Yuxi's Wuyi Lane) The former prosperity of Zhuque Bridge has disappeared. The bridge is covered with weeds and wild flowers. Wuyi Lane has lost its former glory, and the sunset reflects the dilapidated and desolate alleys. 6. Nanpu In ancient Chinese poetry, Nanpu is a place where water is sent to the frontier. Qu Yuan's "Nine Songs of Hebo": "Fight with the sons and send the beauties to Nanpu." Jiang Yan's "Biefu": "Spring grass is green and spring water is surging. It's so sad to send you to Nanpu!" Fan Chengda's "Hengtang": "Nanpu spring comes to a blue river, and the stone bridge and the tower are still two." The ancient people's farewell to the water is not only in Nanpu, because of the long-term national culture, Nanpu has become the proper name of the farewell place to the water. 7. The pavilion is a place to tell others on land. Li Bai Bodhisattva Xia: "Where are you going home? The pavilion is shorter. " Liu Yong's Yulinling: "Cold and sad, Changting is too late." Li Shutong's Farewell: "Outside the pavilion, beside the ancient road, the grass is green." Obviously, in China's classical poetry, the pavilion has become a farewell place on land. 8. Harp (1) is a metaphor for the harmony between husband and wife, also called "harp". Poem Nan Zhou Guanluo: "My Fair Lady is my friend." Xiaoya Long Beach: "A good wife is like a harp." (2) metaphor friendship between brothers and friends. Chen Ziang's poem "Farewell to Friends on a Spring Night" says: "When you get out of the hall, think about the harp, and don't take another road around Sichuan." 9. The cotton bollworm "Poem Xiaoya Little Bowl": "The cotton bollworm has a son, and there are wins and losses." Yao Ying (a kind of bee) catches moths for food, pierces them with an ovipositor, injects them with bee venom to paralyze them, and then puts them into the hive as food for Yao Ying larvae. The ancients mistakenly thought that cockroaches prevailed and raised moths as sons, because they were called moths as sons. 10, Hongyan's "Hanshu Su Shichuan" contains Xiongnu Khan deceiving the Han envoy, saying that Su Wu was dead, and the Han envoy deliberately said that the Emperor shot down a swan goose flying from the north when hunting, with silk on his feet, which was written by Su Wu. Khan had to let Su Wu go. Later, we used "Hongyan", "Yan Shu", "Yanzu" and "Yuyan" to refer to letters and information. For example, Yan Shu's "Qingpingle" said, "When writing in fine print, it can be said that business is flat. The swan goose is in the clouds, but the fish is there. This situation is hard to send. " Li Qingzhao's poem says, "When the wild goose returns, the West Building will be full in the next month." Another poem by Li Qingzhao said: "A book leaning on sound is not as good as a goose, and the east is far less than Penglai." These geese are messengers here. 1 1. Artifact refers to kindness and political power. Laozi: "I want to take the world and do it." I don't think I can do it myself. " The world's artifacts cannot be done. "12, the older the legend Wei Gu passed by Song Cheng in the Tang Dynasty, he met an old man who was sitting reading a book. Wei Gu went to peek, but he didn't know a word. I asked the old man, only to know that the old man is the immortal of the marriage between officials, and the book I found is a marriage book (see "Continued Stories, Engagement Shop"). Later known as the old man under the moon, or the old man under the moon. 13. Tao Zhu, nicknamed Fan Li, was a doctor who went to Yue in the Spring and Autumn Period. According to legend, after he helped Gou Jian destroy Wu, he left Yue for Tao. He was good at managing his own livelihood and accumulated a lot of wealth, so later people called him "Tao Zhu" or "Tao Zhugong" and he was a rich businessman. 14. In Zhu Rong's legend, The King of Chu State's ancestor was Gao Xin Di Ku's fire policy, and he was also called Vulcan with the Ming ancestor Zhu Rong, and was worshipped as Vulcan by later generations; So the fire is called the Zhu Rong disaster. 15, autumn water, autumn water, refers to the eyes and describes the urgency of hope. The second fold of the third volume of The West Chamber "looks through his autumn waters and bruises him in the spring mountains." "Spring mountain, refers to the eyebrows. 16, Lian Lizhi, a lovebird is a metaphor for loving couples. A connecting branch means that two trees are connected together. Love birds, a legendary bird, is used as a metaphor for loving couples in classical poetry. Legend has it that in old China, King Kang of Song married Han Ping, an official, and imprisoned Han Ping. Han committed suicide and his wife's clothes were rotten. When she went on stage to play with King Kang, she threw herself under the stage and everyone pulled his clothes. As a result, she fell to her death, leaving a suicide note saying that Han Ping was buried together, but Kang Wang buried them in two places. Soon, a catalpa tree was born on each of the two graves, and it grew very thick in ten days. The roots and branches of two trees are intertwined, and there is a pair of mandarin ducks on the tree, groaning at each other. Bai Juyi's Song of Eternal Sorrow: "On the seventh day of July, in the Palace of Eternal Life, we secretly told each other in the quiet midnight world. We hope to fly in heaven, two birds become one, grow on the earth, two branches of a tree ... "With these sentences, it is no wonder that people call marriage" tying the knot ". 17, Kong Fangxiong Because old copper coins have square holes, people call money Kong Fangxiong (humorous and contemptuous). 18, childhood friends in Li Bai's Long March: "When you, my love, ride a bamboo horse, run in circles and throw your childhood. We live together in an alley in Qiantang, both young and happy. "Later," childhood friends "were used to describe the innocence of young men and women, and also to refer to the partners they knew when they were young. 19, winning the championship is a metaphor for plotting imperial power. "Zuo Zhuan Gong Xuan for three years": "Conquer Lu Hunzhi's Rong, and as for Luo, then watch the soldiers in Zhoujiang. The appointment of the king made the king and his grandson work hard in Zi Chu, and the victory of Zi Chu was not important. "Three generations took Jiuding as a national treasure, and Zi Chu won the championship, indicating that he was interested in Zhou. Later, he used the metaphor of winning the championship to plot imperial power. 20. Look back and leave. It means both parents are dead. Chen Qingbiao by Shi Mi: "When a child is born in June, parents meet each other. "2 1, fighting for the deer" Han Kuai Tong Biography ":"Qin lost the deer, and the world * * * chased it. " Yan Shigu quoted Zhang Yan as saying, "Use deer as a metaphor for the throne. "Later, I used it to compete with the world. Wei Zhi's Shu Huai: "At the beginning of the Central Plains, I fought for deer and threw my pen at Rong Xuan. "22. Three feet is synonymous with law. Three feet, also known as "three-foot method", is synonymous with law. The ancient method was written on three-foot bamboo slips, so it was called "three-foot method". 23. Du Kang's "Shuo Wen Jie Zi Towel Department": "Shao Kang, an ancient man, made broom wine first. Shao Kang, Du Kang also. "After that, Du Kang was regarded as the representative of wine. Cao Cao's "A Short Song": "How to solve your worries, only Du Kang. "24. Swan flies very high, which is often used to describe a person who is ambitious. Historical Records Chen She Family: "Chen She sighed:' Swallows know the ambition of swans!'" ""25. During the Spring and Autumn Period in Qin Jin, Qin Jin and China got married. Later, they called the marriage of these two surnames "the goodness of Qin and Jin". The second book of The West Chamber has a first discount: "I would rather marry a hero and become Qin Jin." 26. Peng Zu, a legendary story character, was born in Xia Dynasty and was over 800 years old by the end of Yin Dynasty. In ancient times, Peng Zu was regarded as a symbol of longevity. "Longevity is the ancestor of Peng Like" was used to wish people a long life. 27. During the Tang and Song Dynasties, Xie Jia often used the classic "Xie Jia" in his poems. These allusions mainly have two meanings: (1) Xie An and Xie Xuan's family affairs, which are used to show that people have manners. In the speech of Shi Shuo Xin Yu, Xie An once asked his nephew: Why do people always want their children to be good? Nephew Xie Xuan replied: "For example, Yushu in Lan Zhi should be born in the ears of terraced fields." That is to say, Xie An's children pay attention to manners, and dress dignified and generous, like Yushu in Lan Zhi. So it is used to refer to people with grace. Xin Qiji's Xi Chi: "Like the son of Xie Jia, well dressed, like a family, riding gracefully." (2) refers to the landscape poet Xie Lingyun. "The Biography of Xie Lingyun in Song Dynasty" contains: Spiritual luck lies in Huiji Mountain, "building different businesses, taking rivers by the mountains and living in seclusion". Later it refers to the beauty of home. 28, chicken ribs ribs, "tasteless to eat, it is a pity to abandon." Metaphor is something that has no value and significance (see the History of the Three Kingdoms, Shu Wei and the Ji of Emperor Wudi). 29. Chan Juan, with beautiful posture, is mostly used to describe women; Because people often call the moon a beauty, it is called Chanjuan. 30. There is a story in Liezi Yang Zhu, a tribute to Qin. Once upon a time, a man boasted about how delicious celery was in front of the village gentry. After tasting it, the gentry was stung in the mouth and miserable in the stomach. Later, "offering Qin" was used modestly to call the gift to the giver meager, or the suggestions made were shallow. Also known as "Qin Xian". Gao Shi's On the Way to the Yellow River: "I still have the heart to offer Qin, and I see the Lord for no reason."