During the 700-770 years of the Tang Dynasty, a superstar appeared. He is Li Bai, known as "the immortal in the sky" and "the poet on the earth". In his official career, Li Bai plays the role of a loser, but as a poet, he is successful.
Li Bai was born in a merchant family, so his early education was different. He can not only enjoy the conditions of reading like the children of ordinary scholars. Enjoy more freedom and relaxation than them. This rare freedom and laxity have cultivated his extensive interests and unruly personality. By the time he was fifteen, he had learned poetry, fencing and Taoism. Influenced by the trend of the times and Confucian traditional education, Li Bai also regards "saving the world" as the most prominent goal in life. He imagined himself floating from Emei Mountain, not only with noble quality and transcendental spirit, but also with great human feelings, helping the emperors of the world to rectify the world between the waves, and then retiring from the rivers and lakes and traveling around the world. The naive poet bridged the conflict between the Confucian world spirit and the Taoist attitude born of imagination.
"Du Li's articles are in full swing." As a romantic poet, Li Bai is the greatest and most typical. The poet is very confident. He commented on his poem like this: "Xing Han put pen to paper and shook the five mountains, and the poem became a small Aoling Cangzhou." Du Fu, a "poet saint", also praised his poem: "When the pen falls, the poet cries." His poems really have unparalleled magic and irresistible artistic charm. Really achieved the perfect unity of content and form.
A striking feature of Li Bai's poems is a strong subjective color. According to statistics, in his more than 900 existing poems, more than half of the words "I", "I", "Yu", "Yu" or "Li Bai" and "Taibai" appear. This is unique in the history of China literature. He asked the immortal to have "the immortal caressed my head and married the immortal." "The road is as wide as the blue sky, but there is no way out in front of my eyes! F spoke out loudly about his political setbacks. This strong subjective color of self-expression can not only enhance the momentum of poetry, but also bring intimacy to readers sometimes. Besides, he didn't hide his feelings. Instead, it spewed out and poured thousands of miles. For example, Shu Yun, in "The Letter of Farewell to Xuanzhou Xielou School", does not start with the farewell scene, but directly expresses his inner mental anguish with two prose sentences of 1 1: "Those who abandon me can't stay for a day, and those who disturb my heart are more worried today. "This is the spiritual depression caused by the contradiction between the poet's long-term progressive ideal and the dark reality. This depression has been well vented through this way of making things out of nothing. When limited language can't express passion, poets use bold exaggeration. For example, Song of Autumn Pus, "White hair and three thousands of feet, long sorrow". It is bold to exaggerate invisible sadness with the length of visible and tangible white hair. When real things are difficult to describe thoughts and wishes, they use romantic expressions such as myths and fantasies to achieve unexpected artistic effects. For example, "Difficult Road to Shu", from Can Cong Yufu to Wuding Mountain Opening, all myths and legends are used. Set off an atmosphere of adventure.
The poet fell into endless loneliness and depression because of his lack of talent and ambition. Li Bai is ambitious and talented, and wants to achieve something. But he was neither appreciated by the rulers nor found many bosom friends. So he is often surrounded by loneliness, feeling depressed and confused. From his poems, we can clearly hear the cry of a lonely soul, including both the protest against the unreasonable dark society and the desire for unrestrained freedom. His "Drinking the Bright Moon Alone" can be called the eternal swan song to describe the lonely mood. "From a pot of wine among the flowers, I drank it alone. No one is with me. Raise my cup, I invite the bright moon, which brings me its shadow and makes us three people. The moon doesn't know how to drink, but the shadow in front of it is behind. I have to mingle with them and enjoy the happiness of spring. The song I sing is bright and wandering, and I dance the shadow before wandering. Wake up and be happy together, and disperse after drunkenness. Will goodwill be guaranteed? I see the long road of the Milky Way. " The first two sentences have pointed out the word "independence". As we all know, drinkers don't like drinking alone. The poet loves to drink, and of course he is willing to drink with others. But now he has no relatives, and his stomach is full of depression and complaints. Only "until, holding up my cup, I asked the bright moon to bring me my shadow and let the three of us." The poet was so lonely that he invited the moon shadow to drink with him. The depth of visibility. Not only that, "Is goodwill guaranteed? I see the long road of the Milky Way. " Even in his later years, it was difficult for him to find someone to drink, so he had to take a ruthless trip with moonlight and figure and meet in the high sky.
The frustration of official career did not make the poet depressed and unable to extricate himself. Zhuangzi's philosophy of doing nothing and being indifferent and selfless had a certain influence on him at this time, which made him show his love for beautiful mountains and rivers after political frustration, so as to relieve his inner pain. Li Bai has traveled all over China in his life. For Anhui, the poet seems to have a soft spot and has come here many times. There are many masterpieces handed down from generation to generation here. "All the birds fly high. Lonely clouds go to leisure alone. Seeing each other tirelessly, only Jingting Mountain! " (Sitting alone in Jingting Mountain) Several birds in the sky flew away and disappeared without a trace. There is still a white cloud in the vast sky, but I don't want to stay and drift away slowly, as if everything in the world is rejecting poets. After the birds flew away, only the poet and Jingting Mountain were left quietly. Several characters vividly show the poet's lonely and desolate mood. The poet boarded Xie Shoulou in Xuancheng, recalled Xie Shoulou's experience and thought of his own misfortune, and could not help saying, "But since the water is still flowing, although we cut it with our swords." Let's raise our glasses and sigh! The frustration, sadness and pain of official career are hard to get rid of, and the poet can only vent it with the angry words "Since the world can't satisfy our desire, I will let go of my hair tomorrow and take a fishing boat".
Writing, drinking and traveling are Li Bai's life. This kind of life successfully transferred the poet's mood and relieved the mental stress to some extent. As a great poet, Li Bai is well deserved. However, the twists and turns of official career and the suffering of the soul eventually led to the birth of the great "poet fairy". Imagine, if Li Bai is politically proud and busy with political affairs all day, how can he have leisure to travel and express his feelings? Without this shining star, the sky in Qian Qiu Poetry Garden will become dim. This will be the loss of all mankind!