Percy bysshe shelley was born in 1792, a wealthy Sussex family, and finally got the title of little aristocrat-the poet's grandfather, a wealthy businessman, and obtained the title of baronet in 1806. The poet's father, Timothy Shelley, was a congressman and a squire. Young Shelley entered Eton College, a famous boys' school, at the age of twelve. There, he found the works of a philosopher named william godwin, who enthusiastically read these works and became an ardent believer. The young man wholeheartedly supported the ideal of freedom and equality advocated by the French Revolution, and devoted his great enthusiasm and persuasion to convince others that his belief was correct. Shelley entered Oxford University in 18 10, and was expelled the following spring because he participated in writing a pamphlet entitled "The Necessity of Atheism-Atheism is an Outrageous Idea in Religious Conservative19th Century Britain".
At the age of 19, Shelley eloped with Harriet Westbrook, the 16-year-old daughter of a pub owner. Although she hated pubs by nature, Shelley married her. Soon after, he met william godwin in London, and soon fell in love with godwin's daughter mary wollstonecraft, and finally he married her. Now people remember that she is mainly the author of Frankenstein. In 18 16, Mr. and Mrs. Shelley went to Switzerland to meet Byron, the most famous and controversial poet of that era. The two men became close friends. After a while, they formed a circle of British expatriates in Pisa and traveled all over Italy; During this period, Shelley wrote most of his best lyric poems, including the immortal ode to the west wind and To a Lark. 1822, Shelley drowned in a storm while sailing on the Italian coast. He is not yet thirty years old.
Shelley belongs to the younger generation of English romantic poets, who made their mark when william wordsworth and samuel taylor coleridge entered middle age. The older generation is marked by simple ideals and reverence for nature, while the younger generation of poets (including john keats and the infamous Byron) are famous for their sensual aestheticism, exploration of intense passion, political radicalism and miserable short life.
Shelley died at the age of twenty-nine, Byron was thirty-six and Keats was only twenty-six. To some extent, the emotional intensity emphasized by romanticism means that this movement is always associated with youth, because Byron, Keats and Shelley died young (never had the opportunity to fall into conservatism and complacency like Wordsworth), and they gained iconic status as representatives of tragic romantic artists. Shelley's life and his poems certainly support this understanding, but it is important not to indulge in stereotypes and blur the poet's personality. Shelley's happiness, his generosity, his belief in human beings and his optimism are unique among romantics. His expression of these feelings made him one of the most important English writers in the early 19th century.
Shelley (percy bysshe shelley, 1792 ~ 1822) is a famous British democratic poet. Born in a rural landlord family, he entered Oxford University at the age of 20 and was expelled from the school for writing anti-religious philosophical papers. After joining the club, he was forced to move to Italy in 18 18 because he wrote poems to encourage the British people's revolution and support the Irish national democratic movement. In Italy, he still actively supported the Italian people's struggle for national liberation. 1822, he was caught in a storm and his ship drowned.
Shelley is a famous European romantic poet who is as famous as Byron. His works are full of passion and philosophy, and his poetic style is free and unrestrained, constantly changing in heaven and earth, time and space, ghosts and gods, and he is also used to fantasy symbolism and ancient myth themes. His best works include the long poem "The Fairy Maid" (18 13), the fantasy lyric story poem "Islamic Rebellion" (18 18), and the political poem "The Rank of Tyranny" (/kloc-0) The political poem Ode to Freedom (1820) supporting the Italian national liberation struggle, ode to the west wind (18 19) expressing revolutionary enthusiasm and victory belief, and Prometheus Liberated (18655), a representative poetic drama adapted from ancient Greek mythology, show the people.
The ultimate goal of Shelley's romantic ideal is to create a new world where everyone enjoys freedom and happiness. He imagined himself as an angel flying day and night, a cloud floating in the blue sky, a lark soaring in space, and even a westerly wind in late autumn. He is the disseminator, eulogist and summoner of the new world ideal. He painted a beautiful picture for this new world with beautiful language and rich imagination, and boldly predicted: "Winter has come, can spring be far behind?" Therefore, Engels praised learning as a "genius prophet".
Shelley's masterpiece ode to the west wind.
Ah, wild west wind, your breath of autumn,
You can't see your existence, and the leaves die.
Being driven, like escaping from the ghost of a wizard,
Yellow, black, pale, excited red,
Plague-ridden crowd: Oh, you,
Who is riding in their dark and cold bed?
Winged seeds, they lie in cold and low places,
Every one is like a corpse in a grave until
Your blue sister will bloom in spring.
Her horn resounded through the land of dreams, full of
(Drive sweet buds like sheep foraging in the air)
Living colors and smells plains and hills:
Wild spirit, it is everywhere;
Destroyer and protector; Listen, oh, listen!
two
You are in the turmoil of the steep sky,
Loose clouds like the rotten leaves of the earth are falling off,
Shake down from the tangled branches of heaven and sea,
Angels of rain and lightning: there is spread
On your blue sea? Ry surge,
Like bright hair raised from the head
Some fierce priestesses, even from the dim edge
The height from the horizon to the zenith,
The lock of the coming storm. You elegy
In this year that is about to pass, in this night that is about to end.
Will be the dome of a huge tomb,
Hold up with all your gathered strength.
Steam, from the solid atmosphere
Black rain, fire and hail will break out: Oh, listen!
Roman numeral 3
You wake up from a summer dream.
The blue Mediterranean, where he lay,
Hypnotized by his crystal stream,
Next to a pumice island in Bahia Bay,
See ancient palaces and towers in my sleep.
Trembling in the rough day,
All covered with sky-blue moss and flowers.
Such a sweet, vague feeling depicts them! you
Whose road is powered by the water level in the Atlantic Ocean?
Split yourself into an abyss, and below.
Sea flowers and muddy Woods are worn away.
Leaves without juice in the ocean, you know?
Your voice, the fear of suddenly turning gray,
Trembling and despair: Oh, listen!
Intravenously injected
If I am a dead leaf, you can bear it;
If I were a cloud, I would fly with you;
The waves breathe under your power, share.
The impulse of your strength, less freedom
Than you, oh, out of control! If even
I was in my teens, maybe.
Your partner roaming in heaven,
So, when do you exceed your taxiing speed?
Scarcity seems to be a vision; I will never work hard.
It's like praying with you when I need it most
Oh, lift me up like waves, leaves and clouds!
I fell on the thorns of life! I am bleeding!
The heavy weight of time has chains and bows.
A person like you: unruly, agile and proud.
V
Let me be your harp, just like the forest;
What if my leaf falls like its own!
The noise of your powerful harmony
From a deep, autumn tone,
Sweetness in sadness. You are a fierce soul,
My spirit! Be me, impulsive person!
Drive my dead thoughts into the universe
Just like withered leaves, it accelerates regeneration!
According to the spell in this section,
Scattered, as a fireplace that never goes out.
Ashes and sparks, my words in mankind!
Through my lips, to wake up the earth
The horn of prophecy! Oh, the wind,
If winter comes, can spring be far behind?
1
Oh, the wild west wind, your autumn breath!
Because you can't see, thousands of trees are rare,
Like a ghost who escaped from an exorcist, he faded yellow and black.
Pale, flush, countless leaves destroyed by the plague,
Dancing around; Oh, you put the seeds with wings again.
The sky was transported to their dark winter beds;
Like a corpse lying in a grave,
They will be dormant, cold and desolate respectively,
Until spring, your blue sister turned to the dream place.
Blow her loud horn (like herding sheep,
Drive the sweet buds into the air for food.
Let the mountains and plains be full of the color and fragrance of life.
Free spirit, you, you run around;
You destroy, you save, listen, oh, listen!
2
On your stream, in the turbulent sky,
Dark clouds of chaos, angels of rain and electricity,
Just as the leaves of the earth are endless,
Break free from the interwoven branches of the sky and the sea,
Wandering, running around; On your empty wave surface,
Like the thick hair on Maynard's head,
From the dark edge of the vast horizon
Until the top of the sky, scattered everywhere.
The coming storm swayed and rolled.
You, the elegy of old age, the night of four in one.
With the support of the water vapor energy you collected,
Will form the vaulted top of his huge tomb.
From your majestic atmosphere, it will produce
Black rain, fire and hail; Oh, listen!
three
You, oh, you put the blue Mediterranean.
He woke up from his dream and spent the whole summer.
Sleeping soundly outside pumice island in the bay,
Hypnotized by the clear sound of running water,
I dreamed of ancient towers, pagodas and palaces.
Rocking in the rough waves,
Are covered with blue moss and flowers,
Fragrant and fragrant, the look and feel of intoxication is indescribable.
Oh, to make way for you, Atlantic water
Suddenly cracked, deep in the vast waves,
Seaweed flowering on the seabed and muddy jungle without juice,
Oh, by recognizing your whistle,
At that time, they all changed color and were scared.
Trembling and dying alone; Listen, oh, listen!
four
If I were a cloud, I could fly with you.
If I were a fallen leaf, I could be taken away by you.
If I were a huge wave, I could breathe your strength,
Share your strong pulse, free and unrestrained,
Second only to, oh, second only to you who can't control you;
If I can be a partner like I was a teenager,
Traveling in the sky with you, because at that time,
It seems that it is not a miracle to surpass your speed;
I wouldn't be so anxious now,
Begging you. Oh, help me up,
Just like you pick up waves, clouds and leaves!
I tripped over the thorns of life! I am bleeding!
The burden of years has depressed this person like you,
Like you, proud, unruly and agile.
five
Just like you are playing in the forest, please play with me.
Even my leaves have withered like leaves in the forest!
Your extraordinary harmony, generosity and enthusiasm,
I will definitely play late autumn music from the forest with me.
Sad but sweet. I hope your brave spirit
This is my soul, I can be brave you!
Please spread my withered thoughts to the universe,
Just as you drive away the fallen leaves and promote new life,
Please believe the charm I wrote in this poem,
Like an ember that never goes out, it bakes ashes and sparks.
Spread my words to every family in the world,
Through my lips, to the sleeping world,
Let the horn of prophecy ring! Oh, the wind,
If winter comes, can spring be far behind?