The new syllabus not only affirms the instrumentality of Chinese, but also clarifies the humanity of Chinese. Therefore, the teaching of classical Chinese should pay attention to accumulation, reading, comprehension and edification, so that students can be fully infected by ancient classics on the basis of accumulating corresponding knowledge of classical Chinese, improve their emotional quality and thinking quality, cultivate their feelings of loving the excellent culture of the Chinese nation, improve their cultural taste and aesthetic taste, develop a healthy personality and form a sound personality.
Second, express your understanding of the textbook:
Text "Fu on the Red Wall" Jiangsu Education Press Grade One. By appreciating the romantic feelings and relying on the ancients, this article completes the abstract understanding of the pure concept of social life, and sends out philosophical implications between subjective and objective. The article begins with Perilla boating on the Red Cliff with her guests, which shows their pessimism and loss about "the universe is eternal and life is short" and Perilla's optimistic and open-minded views on the same philosophical proposition. The article ends with the pleasure of "I don't know the white of the East". The style of writing is "flowing, natural in arts and sciences, and full of gestures". This kind of article makes people fondle it, and after reading it, they feel "broad and free"; When you read it, you will feel that educated elves will unconsciously sneak into the softest and deepest parts of people's hearts. Reading can make people have a deeper and more frank understanding of life, the world, the universe, gains and losses, love and hate, shunda and adversity.
Third, say goal setting:
1, knowledge target
(1) keyword sorting
(2) Understand the stylistic features
(3) Understand the author and writing background.
2. Ability objectives
(1) Understand the text and feel the scenery.
⑵ Grasp the beautiful artistic conception and understand profound propositions.
⑶ Combining aesthetics with appreciation, bearing in mind the writer's elegant demeanor.
3. Emotional goals
Look at life with dialectical thinking and cultivate an open-minded and optimistic attitude towards life.
4. Teaching focus
(1) Understand and accumulate classical Chinese knowledge.
⑵ Understand the complex emotions and profound connotations contained in the works,
⑶ Enrich one's emotional experience and enhance the realm of life.
Teaching time: three hours.
Fourth, talk about students' learning:
Senior one students are active in thinking and have accumulated some knowledge of classical Chinese in junior high school. Therefore, through their positive thinking, mutual discussion with other students and timely help from teachers at critical moments, they have the foundation and ability to understand the subtleties of this article. On the other hand, students can feel beauty in this article, but why beauty is not necessarily clear, and the philosophical thought expressed in this article is difficult for relatively simple senior one students to understand, and even arouses the opposite views in the hearts of a few students. This is a problem that must be paid attention to in the teaching process.
Five, preach the law:
Fully preview-read more-group discussion-independent inquiry-divergent thinking-combination of reading and writing
Repeated reading can deepen and refine students' feelings about the article. Group discussion and independent inquiry reflect students' cooperation, and students can drive students to make progress together. Divergent thinking can train students' good and flexible thinking quality, and it is a win-win training method to promote writing by reading and reading by writing.
Teachers pay close attention to the significance, give key guidance when necessary, and guide students' activities, so that each student can develop on the basis of all-round improvement.
Six, said the teaching process: (the whole teaching process is arranged for three class hours)
The content of the first class
Complete the knowledge goal of 1, sort out the keywords, 2 understand the stylistic features, 3 understand the author and writing background.
Students' autonomous learning is the main part, supplemented by cooperative discussion between teachers and students.
Related information link:
1, Understanding the Author 2, Wutai Poetry Case 3, Writing Background 4, Characteristics of Fu
The above materials are provided to students in the form of teaching plans. Students can read and understand by themselves, and master knowledge outside the text or surface knowledge related to the text. These preparations can make students understand the article better.
5. Be familiar with the text, use reference books to understand the words, and summarize the words in the article, so as to achieve the goal of knowledge accumulation in classical Chinese.
6. Train reading to pay attention to pronunciation and rhythm. Reading can drive knowledge accumulation and cultivate the initial feeling of the article.
7. Cooperative inquiry, giving full play to students' autonomous learning, and completing the construction of classical Chinese knowledge system.
(1) dredge the main idea of the text according to your notes, find out the words you don't understand and discuss them.
⑵ Translate key sentences and pay attention to the special usage of words.
8, classroom testing, consolidate the implementation.
1) is polysemy, key function words, flexible use of parts of speech and special sentence patterns.
2) Translation of key sentences
9. Arrangement of blackboard writing: blackboard writing is mainly based on classical Chinese knowledge, forming a knowledge system.
The content of the second class
Ability goal 1 Understand the text content, feel its scenery, 2 grasp the beautiful artistic conception, and understand the profound proposition and emotional goal.
1. The introduction is based on the evaluation of Su Dongpo. He is not only a rare great talent, but also a China scholar with the most perfect personality recognized by many famous scholars. He's great and cute.
2. Overall perception
Let the students read it as a whole, and start thinking and thinking while reading. On the basis of respecting the objective process of students' reading acceptance, feel the whole, grasp what the article has written, and complete the goal of understanding the content of the text and feeling the scenery.
A. What kind of scenes are written in concise paragraphs?
B. What is the emotional tone conveyed by each scene?
Students discuss and answer, and form a blackboard:
The emotional tone of the scene
First of all, boating in Chibi for fun.
Second, sad songs and playing the flute are sad.
Third, the guest sends grief and compassion.
Fourth, Perilla comforted herself happily.
5. Both the host and the guest are happy.
3. In-depth discussion, on the basis of overall perception, solves the problem of "why and how", and drives students to deeply understand the article and grasp the artistic conception.
The five scenes shown in this paper reflect the ups and downs of the mood "hi-sad-sad-hi-joy". Read the text again and explore why you are happy. -Why become sad? -Why Qiran? Why did you turn to music again? Why do you like it?
Students reread the text, and then discuss and cooperate in groups to complete the task of grasping the beautiful artistic conception and deeply understanding the emotion.
Problem summary: each group of spokespersons selected the center to make a summary.
One kind of fun is the pleasure of enjoying the beautiful scenery when the weather is good;
The romance in front of us and the softness of the water.
Second, mourn for the monarch's forgetfulness;
Three sorrows are sad for the short life of emptiness: the desolate beauty of history.
Four kinds of happiness: optimistic and broad-minded, embracing the joy of nature: the beauty of philosophical romantic view
Five joys, washing sorrows and indulging in joy: the natural beauty of romantic water is in front of you.
The change of emotion in the article is closely related to the image of "wind, water and moon"
On the basis of feeling the artistic conception, the artistic conception of the article is condensed into the specific connotation of "romantic water"
4. Divergence of inquiry: (1) How do you know the pessimistic view of the guest that "the universe is eternal and life is short" and Su Shi's optimistic view on the same issue? This problem lies in guiding students to think for themselves, deepening their understanding of the profound meaning of the article and their open-minded views on Su Shi's thought. Just talk about your own views)
It is an open-minded feeling to realize that Su Shi's viewpoint is due to the poet's painful life experience and to look at the ups and downs of life freely. And you can also open your heart and temper your thoughts.
(2) Is the answer between the subject and the guest really a dialogue between Su Dongpo and the guest?
The above questions are discussed, exchanged and summarized by students according to their own understanding.
Master-Su Shi as a Taoist-philosophical-adapted to the environment, carefree.
Ke-Su Shi, as a Confucian-pessimist, has a short and insignificant life.
Remarks: (Subject and object are actually two aspects of Su Shi's life. The reason why this form is adopted is that the question-and-answer form between subject and object is a traditional fu form, and the other is that Su He is fighting against the law and talking to himself, which is exactly the case. The depressed and depressed heart that was excluded and relegated was freed and released in this easy answer. This is actually a psychological adjustment of the author, and the pain of life is surpassed by philosophical numerology. )
5. Class summary: clearly emphasize the beautiful and profound artistic conception of the integration of scenario and theory in this paper.
6. Read the text for the third time and finish this lesson.
The content of the third class
Complete goal 3: combine reading and appreciation of American literature and remember the style of literary masters.
1, read beautifully, read the text together, and find out the sentences that you feel like in each paragraph to appreciate the evaluation.
A method of appreciating and evaluating language.
(you can pay attention to the expression of external forms and artistic conception. )
Students divide into groups, discuss and communicate, and then make a summary.
Ex.: Yes, "The breeze is cool in Xu Lai, and the water waves are quiet." Thank you for your words.
These two sentences use "clear and Xu Lai" to describe the quiet beauty on the water, the fresh and soft wind, and "no interest" to describe the characteristics of no waves and elegance on the water.
2. Reread the text with longing, based on the original text, give full play to association and imagination, grasp some key scenes, and show "boating on Red Cliff" with beautiful and delicate prose strokes. Pay attention to description skills (scenery and characters) and show the elegance of great writers of that year. Highlight the environment and people's activities, and reproduce the fun of visiting Chibi in those days.
Skills of teacher's teaching description
Pay attention to the change of space, the arrangement of distance, the transformation of feelings, the arrangement of details, the choice of verbs and adjectives, the arrangement of real writing and imaginary writing. Writers should pay attention to the use of action, portrait, language, expression, psychology and environment. )
3, exchange show: let several students read their own small creations.
Conclusion: The wind interweaves with the bright moon, and the beautiful scenery of dew and water brings great comfort to Su Shi, who is politically frustrated. Therefore, he shows us a poetic realm with a vivid pen, and through enjoying the pleasure of the wind and the bright moon, he poetically dispels the melancholy mood and shows an open-minded and optimistic mind.
3. Do your homework after class, reread Ode to the Red Wall, and think deeply about your feelings in combination with relevant information links, and complete the essay "Commemorating Across Time and Space-Talking about Su Shi"
Related information link:
On Yu's Su Dongpo's Breakthrough
Lin Yutang's Biography of Su Dongpo
Su Shi and Qianchibi Fu
On Liu Zongyuan and Su Shi from Preface to Yuxi Poetry and Fu on the Red Wall
Some knowledge and understanding of Su Shi and Qian Chibi's Fu
Seven, say blackboard writing design
Write on the blackboard in the first class.
The second class is written on the blackboard:
The core image of the emotional tone of the scene
First of all, boating in Chibi for fun.
Second, the sad song blows a little grief.
Third, the guest sends a sad picture of the moon.
Fourth, Perilla comforted herself happily.
5. Both the host and the guest are happy.
The third class blackboard writing: omitted
Hongmen feast —banquet offered with ill intentions
I. Introduction Hello, leaders and experts. I said the topic of the class was "The Hongmen Banquet".
Second, talk about teaching materials.
Hongmen Banquet is a text in Unit 5, Book 2 of Chinese textbook for senior high school, which is taken from Historical Records. The selected plot describes a thrilling political struggle between Liu Bang and Xiang Yu for the world after Qin Dynasty. Hongmen Banquet is a dangerous banquet hosted by Xiang Yu in Hongmen, Xinfeng. This is a manifestation of the political contradiction between Liu and Xiang from concealment to openness. It is the prelude to the five-year struggle between Chu and Han. Called a banquet, it is actually a fierce political struggle. With skillful artistic skills, the author vividly depicts people with different personalities and depicts many dramatic and unforgettable scenes, with ups and downs and exciting plots. The article "The Hongmen Banquet" fully shows the irreconcilable contradiction between Liu and Xiang, vividly compares the strategies of both sides, and predicts the inevitable result of victory or defeat. Therefore, it has high historical value and literary value. Nowadays, the word "hongmen banquet" has become synonymous with dangerous Covenant.
When studying this unit where the Hongmen Banquet is located, we should grasp the ideological content of the text, focusing on Jia Yi's analysis of the reasons for the rapid demise of the Qin Dynasty in On Qin, and focusing on Sima Qian's revelation of Xiang Yu's tragic character in Hongmen Banquet. In the process of reading aloud and reciting, pay attention to mastering the relevant classical Chinese words.
The appearance of biographical history books such as Historical Records and Hanshu indicates that China's historical prose has made unprecedented great achievements. Through the study of this unit, we can further guide students to appreciate classic literary works and improve their literary literacy.
The requirements for learning classical Chinese in the Chinese syllabus of senior high school are: reading classical poems and simple classical Chinese, and reciting a certain number of famous articles. Master the content words, function words and sentence patterns in classical Chinese, understand the meaning of words and sentences, read the text, and learn to examine the content and ideological tendency of works with modern concepts.
According to the characteristics of the text and the requirements of the syllabus, I have established the following teaching objectives:
1. Understand the writer's works and related historical facts.
2. Accumulate knowledge of classical Chinese vocabulary.
3. Learn to read creatively.
4. Learn to comment on historical figures in two ways.
5. Establish a correct view of history.
6. Feel the writing spirit of forbearance and indignation.
Senior one students' knowledge system of classical Chinese needs to be improved, and they have little contact with Wei and Jin historical prose. Therefore, it is necessary to further increase the accumulation of classical Chinese knowledge in teaching, improve students' reading interest, cultivate students' ability to appreciate Wei and Jin historical prose and form the habit of thinking through reading guidance.
Accordingly, the teaching focus of this lesson is:
1. Accumulate knowledge of classical Chinese words.
2. Learn to judge people from two aspects.
The teaching difficulties of this course are:
Learn to read creatively and cultivate innovative thinking.
Third, oral teaching methods
The new curriculum concept emphasizes students' autonomous learning and positive experience. Therefore, teachers should provide students with * * * resources as much as possible and create an interactive platform to lay a solid foundation for students' lifelong learning. According to this guiding ideology, I decided to adopt three main methods in this teaching, namely: goal-oriented learning, independent cooperation and transfer innovation.
"Goal-oriented learning" is to set learning goals according to the corresponding learning content and guide students into learning situations, such as teaching about reading aloud and accumulation.
"Independent cooperation" in this teaching is mainly embodied in group induction and group discussion and exchange.
"Migration and creation" is to develop reading in a deeper and broader direction, such as letting students create a textbook drama "The Hongmen Banquet".
In order to improve my interest in learning and enhance the teaching effect, I designed and used audio tapes, multimedia and other means to assist teaching, and printed and distributed written materials such as text translation.
Fourth, talk about teaching procedures.
The banquet at Hongmen is long and rich in classical Chinese knowledge and content, so I designed to teach this article for three hours.
The main points of the first lesson are: to understand the writer's works, accumulate knowledge of classical Chinese, feel the spirit of the author's forbearance and anger, read the text extensively and understand.
The main points of the second lesson are: clarifying the story, summarizing the characters, learning to objectively comment on historical figures, reading the text extensively and getting familiar with the text.
The main points of the third class are: further combing stories, paying attention to innovative thinking training, intensive reading of texts, and requiring thorough reading.
Farewell to Cambridge
Today, the content of my speech is "Farewell to Cambridge", Unit 1, Lesson 3, a compulsory language for senior high school in Shandong Education Publishing House. I will talk about teaching material analysis, teaching methodology, teaching process and design ideas.
I. teaching material analysis
(A) the status of teaching materials
Farewell to Cambridge is the representative work of Xu Zhimo, a representative poet of "Crescent School". It depicts a flowing picture and constitutes a wonderful artistic conception. It shows in detail the poet's love for Cambridge, his longing for his past life, and his helpless sadness before him. This is a very special modern poem of China, and this textbook occupies an important position in this unit and even the whole high school Chinese textbook.
(B) Teaching objectives
In this class, I face the students of Grade One. Judging from people's cognitive law, they have already possessed certain abstract thinking ability. I will only spend an hour teaching this poem. However, senior one students are not exposed to the new literary style of new poetry, so it may be difficult to understand and grasp modern poetry. In view of the above students' situation, combined with the characteristics of new poetry, the teaching objectives of this course are determined as follows:
1. Knowledge and ability objectives
(1) Students can analyze the beauty of poetry from three aspects: the beauty of music, the beauty of architecture and the beauty of painting.
(2) Students should learn to appreciate poetry from both image and form.
2. Process and method objectives
Before class, students can collect relevant information about authors and works, and read Farewell to Cambridge repeatedly in class, so that students can experience the artistic conception of poetry and poets.
3. Emotional attitudes and values goals
Understand Xu Zhimo's sincere and passionate romantic personality and the author's deep affection and infinite reverence for his alma mater, Cambridge University.
(3) Key points and difficulties
1. Focus: The beauty of music, architecture, painting and the poet's unique intention choice in Farewell to Cambridge.
2. Difficulties: Perceiving the "three beauties" from the poet's unique intentional choice.
Mr. Wen Yiduo, a representative poet of the "Crescent School", emphasized the beauty of music, architecture and painting in the article "The Metre of Poetry". The beauty of music emphasizes syllables, the beauty of painting emphasizes rhetoric, and the beauty of architecture requires the symmetry of sections and sentences. This is the creative concept of "Crescent School", so the perception of "three beauties" is one of the focuses of this lesson. At the same time, there are countless farewell poems in ancient China. As a scholar studying in Britain, Xu Zhimo's inheritance of China's traditional farewell poetic images and reference to foreign poetic images must be unique, so this is also one of the key points. However, how to perceive the creative idea of a poetic school from the imagery of poetry, that is, how to change from imagery thinking to abstract thinking, is more difficult for senior one students, and requires detailed analysis and guidance from teachers.
Second, the teaching law
1. Teaching method: adopt the innovative teaching method of "research experience". This is actually to teach students a learning method, so that they can learn to actively explore knowledge and discover laws. So I will adopt the following teaching methods: reading aloud, situational teaching method, discussion method, comparison method and audio-visual combination method.
2. Learning methods: mainly to give play to students' subjective initiative. Students should look up the relevant materials of this class before class, actively participate in class discussion, and consolidate and migrate after class according to the extracurricular homework assigned by the teacher.
Third, the teaching process
(1) Preparatory stage
My main preparation work is to prepare lessons, do a good job in PPT courseware, find out the recitation fragments of Xu Zhimo played by Huang Lei in the TV series April Day on Earth, find out the English version and the original text of Farewell to Cambridge, and grasp as much as possible about Xu Zhimo's creation, the creative background of this poem and related materials. Arrange students to preview two days before class, and let them take the initiative to find information about the author and works.
(B) the classroom teaching process
1. Import text
Let's start with three questions: What is the emotional tone of poetry? Does this feeling change from the beginning to the end of the poem? If so, how did it change? Play the audio and video of "Farewell to Cambridge" recited by Huang Lei, so that students can experience the "three beauties" of poetry and the beauty of artistic conception by combining vision, hearing and touch.
2. Introduction to the author
After listening to the students' answers, the teacher gave a supplementary introduction to the author Xu Zhimo's experience, thoughts and creation, as well as the writing background of this poem (because students are required to consult relevant materials before class). Special emphasis should be placed on "Cambridge complex" here, so that students can have a macro understanding of the background of poetry creation and enjoy the later poems as a whole.
3. Overall appreciation
(1) recite the whole poem.
(1) Let students experience the vivid artistic conception and flowing picture beauty of the whole poem.
(2) Let students experience the artistic features of this poem with neat structure and beautiful rhythm in recitation.
(2) Enjoy Farewell to Cambridge.
(1) Macroscopically, it is obvious that the whole poem takes the emotional ups and downs when leaving Cambridge as a clue to express the deep affection for Cambridge's departure. Starting with each section, I asked my students to analyze the main idea of each section.
(2) Microscopically, starting with the images of poems: list the images of China's ancient farewell poems on the slide show, so that students can understand that the overlapping of images makes the poems full of beauty, and then I recite the poems in sections, so that students can find out the images of each section.
Discuss in groups: What's the function of choosing these images?
③ Starting with the form of poetry: introducing the "three beauties". This paper introduces the school of poetry "Crescent School", and emphatically analyzes Mr. Wen Yiduo's theory of "three beauties". I think painting beauty is the most difficult of the "three beauties", so I focus on analyzing the painting beauty of this poem. The other two beauties are analyzed and answered by the students themselves, and I only do guidance and summary.
4. Summarize this article
5. assign homework. (knowledge expansion)
(1) Read Xu Zhimo's essay Cambridge as I Know It.
(2) Appreciate Wen Yiduo's "Dead Water" with the theory of three beauties, about 300 words.
Cultivate students' knowledge transfer ability and expand their reading ability.
6. Play "Farewell to Cambridge" recited by Huang Lei again, and experience and end this lesson again in recitation.
Fourth, design ideas.
The design idea of this course is to give full play to students' subjective initiative, and then combine the teacher's guiding teaching style with students' knowledge structure and age characteristics. While obtaining a good classroom atmosphere, we can achieve the expected teaching purpose and let students learn knowledge and develop their abilities in a relaxed classroom atmosphere.
blackboard-writing design
Three Beauties of Poetry: Musical Beauty —— Syllables (Rhymes)
Architectural Beauty-Symmetry (Sentence)
The Beauty of Painting-Words (Images)