-Appreciation of Peony's Ancient Poems (Ⅱ)
Wang chuanxue
In the poems about peony, there are many works that express their feelings through flowers. Bai Mudan by Bai Juyi, a great poet in Tang Dynasty? Like money, the poem says that it is not taken seriously: "Su ignores China people ... no one is fragrant." The poet sighed: "I know that there was no positive color at first, and love and hate followed human feelings." It is just a flower, a combination of reason and individual. "It laments that people's love and hate drift with the tide, and ignores their own value, revealing the poet's dissatisfaction with the troubled times and the indifference between loyalty and treachery. He said more clearly in the poem "Bai Mudan":
White flowers are cold and unloved,
Also known as peony.
It should be like Bai Zanshan in the East Palace.
He is also called a court official.
"Baizanshan" in the poem refers to the poet himself. At the end of the Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, Bai Juyi was appointed as a doctor to receive the remains and praise the good. Because of the above requirements, the murderer who stabbed the Prime Minister was severely punished, which offended the dignitaries and was demoted to Jiangzhou Sima, and was given a cold shoulder and unhappy. He used Bai Mudan's indifference and unloved to express his inner dissatisfaction. In "Peony in Autumn", he wrote the sad mood of "you and I are sitting opposite each other, and our hearts are depressed". In the "two poems of precious peony flowers", the same feelings are also expressed:
The red peony in front of the melancholy stage,
There are only two branches left. It's late.
The wind of the Ming dynasty will blow out,
Watch fire at night.
Lonely, red and low to rain,
Away from the colorful scattered in the wind.
The enigmatic man was still disappointed after landing.
Besides, I fell in the mud.
Note: One poem was written by the flowers in the North Hall of the Hanlin Academy and the other by the flowers in Funan Pavilion.
In the blooming flower season, the peony flower, which is known as the national beauty and fragrance, always blooms late. By the time she occupies the spring scenery, the spring flowers have come to an end. Sentimental poets of past dynasties never tire of the theme of hurting spring and cherishing flowers. Bai Juyi's "Cherish Peony Flowers" is unique among countless poems that cherish flowers. People don't know how to cherish until the flowers fall. This poem is a perverted feeling. It reminds me of the day when flowers bloom and fall, and the fragrance disappears. With the fresh idea of sparks, it shows infinite pity for peony, and expresses the deep affection that years pass and youth is hard to stay. The second one is about the sadness of peony flowers "falling to the ground" in the wind and rain, which is actually the poet's life experience after being hit.
Wang Jian, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote a poem named Peony Flower in the rental house, which showed Shang Huashi's surprise and sadness at the falling flowers:
On the premise of leasing, I think that peony is full of flowers, which is the realization of fairies!
Purple flowers are plump, even and delicate, and bright red flowers return the beautiful face shamefully.
I hope the wind will stop, but I'm worried about the scorching sun.
Unfortunately, the flowering period has passed, the petals have withered, and incense and flame are about to burn.
The whole poem describes in detail a series of psychological changes of flower watchers: "It is a demon to be afraid of opening when you are new here". It may be the first time to see the blooming peony in the rented house, which makes the flower watchers feel surprised and scared, and even worry that this is a rare change. "The pink light is deep purple and greasy, and the flesh color turns red and delicate." The beautiful peony finally intoxicated him and immersed him in joy, so he deeply hoped that the spring breeze would keep it and the scorching sun would not scorch it. However, the flowers bloom and fall, and the flowers have gone, and pity urges him to collect the residual flowers for burning incense and pinning his reluctant feelings. A series of psychological descriptions are very delicate, and the characters are lifelike, which has a strong artistic appeal.
Xu Yin, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, lamented that life is short and youth is absent, which is also very touching:
Broken-hearted peony,
For good luck, for good luck, it's hard to stay.
Youth is not enough to cry,
Red is empty, still leaning against the bar.
This poem begins with the word "pity", describes the sadness of peony and expresses the sigh that life is short and youth is absent. It expresses feelings for flowers and writes people with flowers. Pity peony is hard to stay, that is, pity people's youth is perishable and youth is hard to stay.
In the late spring of the third year of Tang Wenzong, the poet Li Shangyin took the exam in Chang 'an. He left Chang 'an, went back the same way, passed through the middle (now Guyuan, Gansu) and stayed in a hotel. In the bitter rain, the peony in the yard just sprouted and was blown down by a gust of wind and rain. The poet recalled the past, touched the scene, borrowed the peony to lodge his life experience, and wrote the famous "Two Peony Trees Rain":
one
We can't chase Xia Yuan for another year.
Xizhou is suddenly out of phase today.
The Shuige is still cold after dusk,
Spring in Luo Jian is fragrant and warm.
Butterflies dance tirelessly to collect buds,
The beautiful woman lay in the distance gloomily.
Fang Fei's companion in Zhangtai Street,
And ask how many branches the palace waist is damaged.
The poet recalled that he was enjoying flowers in Beijing, but now he "suddenly" came here. It was raining at dusk in Shuige, and the slight cold was still there. Unfortunately, the peony was defeated by the rain. Compared with peony, the poet thinks of frustrated relatives and friends from his own decline, because he sees the big from the small and has far-reaching sustenance.
Secondly,
It's not as good as spring to laugh at pomegranate flowers.
It's even more worrying to leave early.
Tracts burst into tears and were heartbroken.
Jinse's string is shocked and her dreams are broken.
Wanli reprint is not an old nursery,
A year's business is a dust flow.
Looking back on the dance of money,
And I feel that the powder is new at present.
This poem has fallen from its own origin to a writing style that is rejected by others. At the beginning of the poem, put aside peony and write pomegranate flowers first. Because pomegranate blooms late and can't catch up with spring, some people laugh at it inexplicably. I don't know if it's more worry-free to start early and gather early. How sad it is to write three sentences that flowers contain rain and four sentences that rain hits flowers, hoping to become empty! Peony was defeated by rain, and Wan Li was overcast, not an old nursery. It became angry in a spring and was destroyed. These words, from scattered peony to overall personnel changes, pushed the worry about the people to the peak. At the end of the poem, there is a reverse pen, saying that it rains every day and peony falls. Looking back now, it is pink in the rain and still beautiful. The implication is that today's fragmentation is nothing, and the damage in other years will be far greater than today. It is not difficult to see the poet's infinite melancholy after being hit by politics.
Look at the following two poems expressing sadness through peony images:
All the spring flowers begin to bloom,
Spending time is more extravagant than housework.
Buying a planting pond is afraid of no land.
See how many children and grandchildren you can have.
The door leans against the embroidered hub,
The cage is light in the sun to protect the fragrance.
Songs and bells are full of people competing for happiness.
Ken Xin has a bright future.
(Tang? Peony in Ye Luo)
Singing idly among peony flowers,
Hua Yan's life is similar.
March is half rainy and half windy,
In a hundred years of sadness and illness.
It is not good to be prosperous,
Fall to the empty monk's house.
Nowhere else in the world,
Wake up after teaching.
(Tang? Du Xunhe's "Going to the Master's Courtyard in Zhongshan to View Peony")
Ye Luo and Du Xunhe are both poets in the late Tang Dynasty, and their poems are full of sentimental color. This sentimentality is not based on temporary events, but on the universality of human life. Luo's poems reveal the enduring wealth and luxury in the world with the ups and downs of "buying a pond to build a museum is afraid of no land, but seeing several sons and grandchildren". Du Fu's poems compare the life process of peony with that of human beings, and look back at life from peony. These have gone beyond their own experience and risen to the level of philosophical thinking, which is thought-provoking.
For this, Song people have a more thorough understanding. The poem "Planting Flowers" by a monk Zhiyuan in Song Dynasty;
Before moving flowers and planting thatched cottage,
Red and purple have different shades.
Don't sigh at the beginning and sunset,
Life is full of honor and disgrace.
Zhiyuan realized the impermanence of life from the "blooming and falling" of peony flowers, explored the ups and downs of human honor and disgrace, and revealed a deep sentimental mood.
This strong sadness is quite common in the peony poems of Song people. Rumei's "Flower Sense" said: "The new flowers are beautiful, so the color is haggard. Tomorrow, the flowers will bloom more. Why are the new flowers different? " Ouyang Xiu's "Luoyang Peony Map" said: "But it should be better, but I am old." Su Shi's poem "Leaving Peony in Sakyamuni to Show Zhao Kui" said: "You are poor every year, and this year's flowers are as old as before."
Poets in Tang and Song Dynasties often express a strong sense of relegation by chanting peony. For example, the following two poems:
I haven't seen a small palace flower for ten years.
When the purple calyx is open, it is another home.
Get on the horse and go out and look back.
When will you arrive in Beijing?
(Tang? Ling Huchu's "Going to Du Dong to Say Goodbye to Peony")
A column of flowers in Pingzhangfu,
I was not at home when I arrived.
Mexico Island and Beijing are not far apart.
Spring is the end of the world.
(Tang? Liu Yuxi's Farewell to Peony and Hu Ling)
Ling Huchu's poems were written in the spring of the third year of Daiwa in Tang Wenzong. Linghu Chu had been demoted for a long time before, and Yamato returned to Beijing in the following winter. In March of the following year, he was sent to stay in Du Dong to defend you in the East. When the peony in his garden was about to open, Ling Huchu had to leave home to find another job. This situation made the poet feel sad and wrote this poem with considerable pain. The poem tells that the poet has not seen peony flowers in the courtyard for ten years as an official. Purple flowers are about to bloom, but the poet has to leave his hometown. When leaving, he looked back on horseback and lamented when he could return to Chang' an to enjoy his beloved peony! The purple calyx peony in the small courtyard is a metaphor for friends and relatives in Beijing, full of sorrow and sigh. The love for flowers is homesickness, and the meaning of farewell overflows in the poem.
Coincidentally, Liu Yuxi, who participated in Yongzhen innovation and was demoted to foreign posts for 24 years, also returned to Beijing in the second year of Daiwa. This poem by Ling Huchu evoked Liu Yuxi's infinite sadness, so he wrote a poem to express the strong sense of relegation that Ling Huchu wanted to say but dared not say.