The "Ten Talents of the Dali Dynasty", according to "New Tang Book: Lu Lun Biography", include: Lu Lun, Ji Zhongfu, Han Xiang, Qian Qi, Sikong Shu, Miao Fa, Cui Dong, Geng Ba , Xia Houshen, Li Duan. Their poems rarely reflect the social unrest and people's sufferings, and most of them are sung and improvised works. Praising peace, chanting mountains and rivers, and praising seclusion are the basic themes of their poems. They all have certain accomplishments in art and are good at five-character poems, but most of them lack distinctive artistic features and tend to be formalistic. "Summary of Qian Zhong's Collected Works, General Catalog of Sikuquanshu" says: "Since the return of the Great Calendar, the style of poetry has begun to change. The strong and vigorous atmosphere of Kai and Bao has gradually become more distant and clearer. The wind tone is relatively high, slightly floating, rising and falling, This criticism is appropriate. Among them, only some poems by Qian Qi and Lu Lun have achieved certain artistic achievements. Qian Qi (722-780?) was the older of the Ten Talents. He sang harmoniously with Wang Wei, Pei Di and others. The poetic style is also slightly similar to Wang Wei's, characterized by "fresh physique and light reasoning" ("Zhongxing Jianqi Collection"). For example, "Cows and sheep come down a small mountain, and fireworks are deep across the clouds" ("Inscribed on the wall of the old man's house in Yushan Village"), "Smoke condenses in the isolated village, and the distant white grows when the water is gone" ("Climbing the south tower of Shengguo Temple and looking at Yan Xielu in the rain") etc. The poem is an example. His "Provincial Examination of Xiangling Drums and Strings" was highly praised by his predecessors. The last two sentences, "No one can be seen at the end of the song, but there are many green peaks on the river" not only point out the atmosphere of the environment, but also can arouse the melancholy of the end of the song. Lu Lun (748-800?), among the ten talented scholars, had a more majestic poetic style. The two most famous songs of "The Next Song of Shooting with Zhang Pu" are: The grass in the forest is frightened by the wind, and the general draws his bow at night. I looked for the white feather in plain sight, but it was missing among the stone edges. The wild geese fly high in the moonlight, and the Chanyu escapes in the night. When I want to chase Qingqi away, the heavy snow covers my bow and sword. Both poems praise the bravery of soldiers. The first poem secretly uses Li Guang's story to write a fragment of the hunting life at the frontier. The second song is about chasing the enemy on a snowy night with light cavalry, which is more full of the atmosphere of war life. He also has a song called "Soldiers in Sickness": Traveling often, there are many sick people and no food, and I have not yet reached my hometown after traveling thousands of miles. The unkempt temples mourn under the ancient city, and the autumn air cannot bear to enter the golden sores. It is also a work with a realistic spirit among the frontier quatrains. Li Yi (748-827), courtesy name Junyu, was born in Guzang, Longxi (now Wuwei, Gansu). He traveled north to Heshuo and worked for Liu Ji in Youzhou. He lived in the frontier for more than ten years. In the early days of Taihe, he became the Minister of Rites. Li Yi was slightly later than the Ten Talents era. Most of his frontier fortress poems were written in the Jianzhong and Zhenyuan periods. His "Preface to Military Poems" said: "I am in the army, so I write a lot of military thoughts. Maybe in the army, I am drunk, stuffed in the soldier's bed, throwing my sword and holding my pen, spreading my thoughts and writing, all of which are out of generosity and spirit. ." Because his poems are famous for their Qijue, later generations often compare him with Wang Changling. However, Heshuo, Youzhou, where he joined the army, had become a place where vassal towns were divided during the Mid-Tang Dynasty. The frontier soldiers here, forced by the continuous internal and external wars for years, their heroic spirit of serving the country has faded away. Li Yi's poem: "Today's battle in the side court is about rewards but not fame." ("The Army at Night") clearly explains this change in military morale. Under such circumstances, it is natural for the soldiers to be tired and dissatisfied with the war: "The bows and armor are tired from sleep, and the wind is exposed during hard service. It is not enough to reward from afar, but the merits are great when we meet in the front. It is unknown when Shuo Fangdao will stop the military service." "("Wucheng Daozhong") It is not accidental that Li Yi's frontier fortress poem mainly expresses the resentment of the soldiers who have been garrisoning for a long time and want to return home. For example: The sand in front of Hui Le Feng is like snow, and the moon outside the city is like frost. I don't know where to play the reed pipe, and I have to march all night to see my hometown. ——"Listening to the Flute in Shoujiang City at Night" After the snow in the Tianshan Mountains and the cold wind in the sea, the horizontal flute was playing sideways and it was difficult to travel. Three hundred thousand people were recruited in Qili, and I looked back at the middle of the month. ——"Joining the Army in the Northern Expedition" Hu Fengdong joined forces to open up the Peiquan, and thousands of herds of horses drove toward Nuanchuan. The cold weather travels for endless days, and the snow reaches the sky every year. ——"Warm River" These poems no longer have the optimistic and bold mood of the frontier poems of the Tang Dynasty. Even compared with the poems describing "border sorrow" in Wang Changling's "Army March", there is a difference between desolate and sentimental and majestic and tragic. Although this difference is not just a matter of different styles of poets. But his artistic achievements in these quatrains are very high. The complete and rich image, the subtle and profound charm, the harmonious and smooth phonology, and the refined and natural language are all close to Wang Changling. According to historical legends, "Each poem he composed was bribed to the church and sung as an offering." And the chapter "Hui Le Feng Qian" is a masterpiece that "the world thinks of lyrics". Li Yi also occasionally produced excellent works in other poetry styles. For example, "In the Sixth Period of the Army, Hu Bei drinks horses and sharpens swords as a mourning poem", which uses the romantic techniques of Qu Yuan and Li Bai to write a long song to recall the souls of the fallen soldiers. His seven rhymes such as "Passing Hu'er and Drinking from Maquan in Yanzhou" are also relatively good frontier fortress works. In addition, his five rhymes "Happy to see my cousin and say goodbye" is not a frontier poem, but it is also widely recited: After ten years of separation and chaos, we met again when we grew up. I was surprised to see you for the first time when I asked my surname. I recalled my old appearance by calling my name. Don't come to Canghai. Let's talk about the sunset. Tomorrow we will go to Baling Road and the autumn mountains will be different. This poem is simple and affectionate, and could not have been written by someone who had not experienced a chaotic life.
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