Song Dynasty: Wang Anshi: (1021～1086), politician, thinker and writer in the Northern Song Dynasty. The courtesy name is Jiefu, and his late name is Banshan. A native of Linchuan, Fuzhou (now part of Jiangxi). Renzong Qingli became a Jinshi.
In the third year of Jiayou (1058), he wrote tens of thousands of words, proposing reforms, calling for changing the situation of "poverty and weakness", implementing the policy of enriching the country and strengthening the army, restraining the mergers of bureaucratic landlords, and strengthening the ruling power. , to prevent large-scale peasant uprisings and consolidate the rule of the landlord class. In the second year of Shenzong Xining's reign (1069), he was appointed as the governor of political affairs.
He was appointed prime minister the following year and relied on Shenzong to implement reforms. And support the five captures of Xihe and other states to improve the situation in the war against Xixia. The new law has been blocked by conservative opposition.
Xining resigned after seven years. He returned to the prime minister the next year, resigned again in the ninth year, and still lived in Jiangning (now Nanjing, Jiangsu Province). He was granted the title of Duke of Shu, but was changed to the title of Duke of Jing, and was known as Duke of Jin in the world. Posthumous posthumous title.
Zhou Bangyan: (1056-1121) poet of the Northern Song Dynasty. His courtesy name was Meicheng, and his nickname was Qingzhen Jushi. He was a native of Qiantang (now Hangzhou, Zhejiang).
His official career was Taixue Zheng, Professor of Luzhou, Zhi Lishui County, etc. During the reign of Emperor Huizong, the Huiyou Pavilion was waiting to be established and promoted to Dasheng Mansion. He is proficient in music and has created many new lyrics and tunes. Most of the works are about love affairs and travel, and there are also works that sing about objects. Metrically rigorous.
The language is elegant and refined. Long tunes are especially good at telling narratives. It was followed by later metrical poets. In the old days, he was called the "top poet" in poetry theory. There is a "Collection of Muslim Laymen", which has been lost.
Ouyang Xiu: (1007-1072) writer and historian of the Northern Song Dynasty. His courtesy name was Yongshu, his nickname was Zuiweng, Liuyi Jushi, and he was a native of Jishui, Jizhou (now part of Jiangxi).
Tian Sheng Jinshi. Guan Guan Pavilion collated and demoted Zhi Yiling because of his outspoken remarks. He served as an admonisher in Qinglizhong, supported Fan Zhongyan, and demanded political reforms. He was falsely accused of being demoted to Chuzhou. He reached the rank of Hanlin bachelor, deputy envoy to the privy council, and participated in political affairs. When Wang Anshi implemented the new law, he criticized the Qingmiao Law. Posthumous title: Wenzhong.
Wu Wenying: (approximately 1212-1272) named Junte, nicknamed Mengchuang, and in his later years also named Jueweng, a native of Siming (now Zhejiang).
He was not an official in his life, but he had many friends and wrote many lyrics.
He is an important poet. Today there is "Dream Window Collection".
Fan Chengda: (1126~1193) poet of the Southern Song Dynasty. His courtesy name was Zhineng, and his name was Shihu Jushi. He was a native of Wu County, Pingjiang (now Suzhou, Jiangsu Province).
He became a Jinshi in the 24th year of Shaoxing (1154). He served as Huizhou Sihu and joined the army, and later moved to Wailang, a member of the Ministry of Rites.
Later he became a governor of the state, reduced taxes, built water conservancy projects, and achieved considerable political achievements. In the sixth year of Qiandao (1170), he served as a messenger of the Kingdom of Jin with the title of "Lilang" and a non-commissioned officer of Zizhengdian University. In order to change the etiquette of accepting the Jin Kingdom's edict and to obtain the "mausoleum" in Henan, Fan Chengda came to The Jin Dynasty was "generous in his words", and his camera rushed back and forth, which maintained the prestige of the Song Dynasty. He returned home after the whole festival and wrote the envoy Jin's diary "Raising the Bridle Record".
Huang Tingjian: (1045-1105), whose courtesy name was Lu Zhi, who called himself Valley Taoist and later Fu Weng. He was a native of Fenning, Hongzhou (now Xiushui, Jiangxi). In the fourth year of Emperor Yingzong's reign (1067), he became a Jinshi.
Zhe Zongli was appointed as the school secretary and the reviewer of "Records of Shenzong". Later, he was promoted to live in the house.
At the beginning of Shaosheng Dynasty, the New Party said that his history writing was "many false accusations", demoted Fuzhou and other places, and resettled him in Qianzhou and other places. At the beginning of Huizong's reign, he was in charge of Yizhou and died. His poetry and essays were learned from Su Shi in his early years. Together with Zhang Lei, Chao Buzhi and Qin Guan, he was known as one of the "Four Scholars of the Su School".
Liu Kezhuang: (1187--1269) named Qianfu, named Houcun, a native of Chengxiang, Putian. He was born in the 14th year of Chunxi, Xiaozong of the Song Dynasty (1187 AD) and died in 1269 AD at the age of 83 age.
He was a famous patriotic poet in the Southern Song Dynasty and wrote a large number of tragic and passionate patriotic poems. His handed down works include "The Complete Works of Mr. Houcun", with a total of 196 volumes (including more than 5,000 poems, more than 200 poems, 4 volumes of poetry and many essays).
His poems not only absorbed the style of famous writers in the Tang Dynasty, but also inherited the style of Lu You, a patriotic poet in the early Southern Song Dynasty. They reflected reality and were majestic and bold; together with Su Shi, Xin Qiji and others, he formed a vigorous style and influential influence. Extensive boldness.
He inherited Xin Qiji's innovative spirit, and at the same time developed the prose and argumentative characteristics of Ci. At the same time, he was also a wise minister in the late Southern Song Dynasty. He was patriotic and upright, respected by scholars at that time and praised by future generations.
Zi Yi 2004-12-11 13:59
Xin Qiji: (1140-1207), poet of the Southern Song Dynasty. The courtesy name is You'an and the nickname is Jiaxuan. He was born in Licheng (now Jinan, Shandong). When he was born, Shandong was already occupied by the Jin soldiers.
At the age of 21, he joined the anti-Jin rebel army and soon returned to the Southern Song Dynasty. He successively served as the pacification envoy to Hubei, Jiangxi, Hunan, Fujian, and eastern Zhejiang. During his tenure, he took active measures to recruit exiles, train the army, reward farming and fighting, crack down on corruption and powerful people, and pay attention to stabilizing people's livelihood. He firmly advocated resisting gold throughout his life.
Li Qingzhao: (1084-about 1151) female poet of the Southern Song Dynasty. No. Yi'an Jushi, a native of Zhangqiu, Qizhou (now part of Shandong).
His father, Li Gefei, was a famous scholar at that time, and his husband, Zhao Mingcheng, was an epigrapher. In his early days, he lived a prosperous life, and together with Mingcheng, he devoted himself to the collection and arrangement of calligraphy, painting and inscriptions.
Jin soldiers invaded the Central Plains and lived in the south. Mingcheng died of illness and was left alone.
In the early stage, the poems he wrote mostly wrote about his leisurely life. In the later stage, he often lamented his life experience and had a sentimental mood. Some also revealed his longing for the Central Plains.
Formally, he makes good use of line drawing techniques, finds his own way, and uses clear and beautiful language. The argument emphasizes the law of association, advocating elegance and emotion, and puts forward the saying "don't be the same family" in lyrics, and opposes writing lyrics in the same way as poetry. He was also capable of poetry, but not much remains. Some of his chapters are timely and historical, and his words are generous, which is different from his style of writing. There are "Collected Works of Yi An" and "Yi An's Ci", which have been lost.
Later generations have a collection of "Shu Yu Ci". Nowadays, there is "Li Qingzhao's Collection and Annotations".
Yan Jidao: (1030?-1106?), courtesy name Shuyuan, alias Xiaoshan, from Linchuan, Fuzhou (now Fuzhou, Jiangxi).
The seventh son of Yan Shu, who is good at writing and poetry, is as famous as his father. His poems are influenced by the erotic poems of the Five Dynasties and are also strong in "Hua Jian". They mostly describe the pain of frustration in life and the joys and sorrows of men and women. He is famous for his small poems, good at romance, and his language is fresh, twists and turns.
In his later years, his family fell into decline, and his poems are often sentimental. There is "Xiaoshan Ci".
Yuan Haowen: (1190-1257) named Yuzhi, a native of Xinzhou, an outstanding writer in the Jin Dynasty.
When Yuan Haowen was young, the Mongolian army invaded the south and Shanxi was in chaos. He took his mother and fled to Henan.
The cruel reality of life and the experience of displacement had a profound impact on Yuan Haowen. He had a preliminary understanding of the society and people, and began to write some poems that reflected reality and cursed the war.
At the same time, he wrote 30 "Quatrains on Poetry", which systematically criticized poetry since the Wei and Jin Dynasties, and enjoyed a high status in literary criticism.
After the death of Jin Dynasty, Yuan Haowen took refuge in his hometown and devoted himself to writing. He deeply felt the pain of the destruction of his country and his family, and wrote a large number of excellent realist poems full of grief and indignation. In addition, he also wrote historical books such as "Zhongzhou Collection" and "Renchen Miscellaneous Collection".
The Yuan people wrote the history of the Jin Dynasty, mostly based on this.
Wang Yisun: (approximately 1230 ~ 1291), courtesy name Shengyu, nicknamed Bishan, also known as Zhongxian, lived in Yujin Mountain, also nicknamed Yujin Mountain, and was a native of Kuaiji in the Southern Song Dynasty.
Good at writing and writing, he made many friends and traveled widely. His contemporaries Zhou Mi said that he "made friends with thousands of gold, and was drunk with spring and jade" ("Tasha Xing·Ti Zhongxian Ci Volume").
Shi Dazu: (1163?-1220?) was born in Bian (now Kaifeng, Henan). His courtesy name was Bangqing and his name was Meixi.
Especially good at chanting objects, meticulously sculpting, and possessing both form and spirit, he was extremely famous at the time.
Jiang Kui said that his poems are "exquisite and elegant, with the charm of Li Changji."
Gai can blend scenes into one family and understand the meaning of sentences to achieve both." ("Hua'an Ci" "Selected Poems" cited) has "Meixi Ci".
Su Shi: (1037-1101) Northern Song Dynasty writer, calligrapher and painter.
Zizhan, also known as Dongpo Jushi, was a native of Meishan, Meizhou (now part of Sichuan). Su Xunzi. Jiayou Jinshi. During the reign of Emperor Shenzong, he served as Wai Lang, a member of the ancestral hall. Because he opposed Wang Anshi's new law, he sought a foreign position and served as general magistrate of Hangzhou, where he knew Mizhou, Xuzhou and Huzhou.
Later he was demoted to Huangzhou for writing poems that "slandered the imperial court". Zhezong was a bachelor of the Hanlin Academy at that time. He went to Hangzhou, Yingzhou, etc., and became the Minister of the Ministry of Rites. Later he was demoted to Huizhou and Danzhou. He died of illness in Changzhou the second year after returning to the north.
Lu You: (1125-1210) poet of the Southern Song Dynasty. Ziwuguan, nicknamed Fangweng, was born in Shanyin, Yuezhou (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang). He always insisted on resisting the Jin Dynasty, and was constantly rejected and attacked by the establishment in his official career.
In his middle age, he entered Sichuan to fight against the Jin Dynasty. His military life enriched his literary content, and his works revealed great brilliance and he became an outstanding poet.
The volume of lyrics is not as huge as the poems, but the same spirit of patriotism runs through the poems, "eating the remaining captives with anger