1, The Book of Songs is divided into three parts: style, elegance and ode. "Wind" is the tune of various vassal states; Elegant Style is a positive music in Zhou Zong. "Ode" is the joy of ancestral temple sacrifice.
2. It is generally believed that style, elegance and ode are the classification and content theme of poetry; Fu, Bi and Xing are the expressive methods of poetry. Among them, style, elegance and praise are divided according to the different music, while fu, bi and xing are divided according to the means of expression.
3, than, is a metaphor
4. fu. "Biography of Poetry" said: "The giver should tell the truth about Chen Qi." The so-called "outspoken" here means that we don't use words to guide or compare, not that we don't want to describe it in detail. Therefore, it can be said that all other means of expression except Xing and Bi can be included in the category of "Fu". As a means of writing, it covers a wide range. As far as The Book of Songs is concerned, it includes narration, description, association, suspense, dialogue and psychological depiction.
5. Xing is the beginning of poetry with the help of other things.
Zhu's Biography of Poems said: "If you are interested, say something else first to arouse the words you are reciting." Xing is the fuse and the beginning. Include two situations:
(1), the emotion touches the object and becomes a song (that is, it starts with something that is in harmony with the performance content).
(2) rhyme with something.
From the whole process of literary origin, xing is the characteristic of early poetry; From the perspective of poetry writers, it is the characteristic of folk songs; For example, from the way of creation, it is the characteristic of oral literature. Most of the works using Xing technique have national style. After the Han Dynasty, although the Book of Songs was regarded as a classic, the method of comparing prosperity was mentioned in a high position, but simple rhyming words and national customs like the Book of Songs were rare in literati's creation. And judging from the things that trigger emotions, Xing is very close to Fu.
Xing includes the situation of "touching things and singing", which means that because people's life experiences are different, everyone's experiences will have various accidental situations. Some things are irrelevant to ordinary people, but for a specific person, they may evoke memories of old experiences and cause deep feelings.
Second, expand knowledge: the six meanings of The Book of Songs
The artistic techniques in The Book of Songs are summarized as "Fu, Bi and Xing", which are called "Six Meanings" together with "Feng, Ya and Song". "The Six Meanings of Poetry" was first put forward in Preface to Mao Poetry, which is based on the old saying that "a master ... teaches six poems: Yue Feng, Yuefu, Lebi, Lexing, Leya and Song Yue", which highly summarizes the classification and expression of works in The Book of Songs. Confucius explained in Justice of Mao Poetry: "Style, elegance and praise are variations of poetry; Fu, Bi and Xing are different words in The Poem. ..... The Book of Songs uses Fu, Bi and Xing; Style, elegance and praise are the formation of this poem. Use those three things to achieve these three things, so it is called' righteousness'. "
It is generally believed that style, elegance and ode are the classification and content theme of poetry; Fu, Bi and Xing are the expressive methods of poetry. Among them, style, elegance and praise are divided according to the different music, while fu, bi and xing are divided according to the means of expression.
The application of Fu, Bi and Xing is an important symbol of the artistic features of The Book of Songs, and it is also the basic technique of China's ancient poetry creation. There have always been many arguments about the meaning of Fu, Bi and Xing. In short, what Fu Shuo meant was the truth, that is, the poet expressed his thoughts, feelings and related things in a straightforward way. Comparison is a kind of analogy. Comparing one thing with another, the poet has skill or emotion and uses one thing as a metaphor. Xing is touching things to stimulate words, and objective things trigger poets' emotions and cause poets to sing, so it is often at the beginning of poems. In poetry creation, Fu, Bi and Xing are often used together to shape the artistic image of poetry and express the poet's feelings.