cicada
Yu Shinan
Cicada droops like a tassel on a hat, its tentacles suck the clear dew, and its voice spreads from the branches of the straight Shulang tree.
Cicada is far away from cicada because cicada is on a tall tree, not relying on autumn wind.
Enjoy 1:
The ancients used cicadas to drink dew to symbolize nobility, and the author expressed his sentiment by contrast and sustenance. This poem, together with "Poems of Love" by Luo, Li Shangyin, was three unique poems of love at that time.
This is an object-chanting poem by Yu Shinan, a famous minister in the early Tang Dynasty, which is full of symbolic significance. Every sentence describes the shape, habit and sound of cicada, and every sentence implies the poet's noble character and interest. The deep meaning of chanting things is to praise people. The key is to grasp some specific characteristics of cicadas and find out the artistic correspondence. Sagging (Rui sound is close to "sharp") is a knotted drooping band of ancient official hats, and it also refers to the narrow mouth on the chin of cicadas similar to hat bands. Cicada sucks dew with its narrow mouth. Because of semantic pun, it implies that Guan Ying's senior officials should abstain from corruption and pursue incorruptibility. Cicada lives on a tall and straight plane tree, which is naturally different from those insects rolling in rotten grass and mud, so its voice can flow beautifully and loudly. At the end of the poem, it is said that this is entirely because cicadas have the ability to "speak loudly from afar", and it is not caused by external forces such as autumn wind. The moral of these poems is that an official and a man must stand tall and have noble virtues in order to speak loudly and enjoy a wide reputation. This great ambition comes entirely from the power of personality beauty, which can never be achieved by have it both ways or any strength, joints and support. In fact, "Chant" contains Yu Shinan's self-teaching. As one of the twenty-four ministers who hung in Lingyange during the Zhenguan period of Tang Dynasty, his reputation lies in his erudition and noble Geng Jie. He talked with Emperor Taizong about the gains and losses of the king, and he was able to speak out and make contributions to the rule of Zhenguan. To this end, Emperor Taizong said that he had "five unique skills" (morality, loyalty, erudition, style of writing, and writing style), and praised: "Ministers are all like Shinan, so why should the world care!" From the fact that he is not an eagle tiger with Kun Peng, but an unknown cicada, we can see that he is mature, cautious and conscious.
Appreciation 2:
This little poem with symbolic meaning is the earliest poem chanting cicadas in Tang Dynasty, which is highly praised by later generations.
The first sentence is "hang down and drink clear dew", and "hang down" is the part of the hat belt tied under the chin of the ancients. Cicada's head has protruding tentacles, which look like a drooping crown tassel, so it is called "drooping". The ancients thought that cicadas were noble and drank dew, so they said "drink clear dew". This sentence is ostensibly about the shape and feeding habits of cicadas, but in fact it contains metaphors everywhere. "Hang" means official position (in ancient times, "crown tassel" was often used to refer to your official position). In the eyes of ordinary people, the status of such dignitaries is contradictory or even incompatible with "Qing", but in the author's pen, they are unified in the image of "hanging their heads and drinking clear dew". This unity of "Gui" and "Qing" is precisely because the "Qing" in three or four sentences does not need to be contrasted with "Gui", and the brushwork is quite ingenious.
The second sentence, "cicadas sing far and wide." Platanus acerifolia is a tall tree with sparse characters and clear branches. Corresponding to the last sentence "autumn wind", the flowing cicada has a pleasant long sound, and the word "Chu" is used to visualize the meaning conveyed by cicada singing, which seems to make people feel the loudness and strength of cicada singing. Although this sentence is only written by voice, readers can imagine the high level and elegant rhyme of the anthropomorphic cicada in Tsinghua. With this vivid description of the spread of cicadas in the distance, the drama of three or four sentences has taken root.
"A high voice is not affected by the autumn wind" is the crowning touch of the whole article. It is a discussion of poetry on the basis of the last two sentences. Cicadas spread in all directions. Most people often think that it is the autumn wind, but poets have different understandings, emphasizing that this is because of "high". This unique feeling contains a truth: people with high moral character can spread their reputation far and wide without some external support (such as the help of powerful people), just as Cao Pi said in Dian Lun Wen, "They don't forge good historical words, nor rely on flying momentum. Their reputation is autobiographical." What is emphasized here is the beauty and strength of personality. The word "self" and the word "non" in the two sentences echo each other, expressing warm praise and high self-confidence for people's inner character and showing a graceful demeanor. Emperor Taizong praised Yu Shinan's "Five Musts" for many times (virtue, loyalty, erudition, writing style and writing style). The poet's personalized "cicada" may have its own meaning. Shen Deqian said: "Every time a cicada sounds, it respects its sex alone." (Tang Poetry) This is really a broken theory.
Qing Shi Buhua's "Shi Fu Shi Poetry" says: "There are more than 300 poems, and the Tang people still have this intention. In the same way, Yu Shinan's "high voice, not from the autumn wind" is an Tsinghua people language; Wang Luobin's "his flight through the fog, his pure voice submerged in the wind world" is a much-needed language; Li Shangyin's "pure heart and lack of desire, singing all night" is a grouch. Bixing is different. " These three poems are all masterpieces of the Tang Dynasty. Because of their different identities, experiences and temperament, although they are equally committed to comparison, they present different faces and form artistic images with distinctive characteristics, which have become the three wonders of "Zen-chanting" poems in the Tang Dynasty.
Zen Yu Shinan saw the answer.
Chanyu Shinan
Hang (1) to drink clear dew, and the sound is like sparse tung.
Cicada is far away from cicada because cicada is on a tall tree, not relying on autumn wind.
A political prisoner is listening to cicada Wang Luobin.
Cicadas sing in the west, and guests think of the south crown. It's getting dark, which will break the heart of a white-haired prisoner.
His flight passed through the thick fog, and his pure voice was drowned in the world of wind. Who knows if he is still singing? Who will listen to me? ?
Note ①Rui: refers to the knotted and drooping belt of ancient official hats, and also refers to the narrow mouth on the chin of cicadas similar to hat belts. ② Nanguan: refers to the imprisoned person.
1. Both poems are □□ poems in terms of genre and □□ poems in terms of subject matter. (2 points)
2. The following statement is incorrect () (2 points)
"Gao Gao" and "Sheng Yuan" in cicadas accurately describe the characteristics of cicadas.
B In Cicada, the author compares himself with Cicada, which shows that he is really talented and shows lofty self-confidence.
"Who will listen to me?" The meaning in "A Political Prisoner Listening to Cicada" is who to tell the truth to, and the sentence is full of helpless bitterness.
D. the two poems describe the same object, and both use the technique of borrowing scenery to express emotion, but the feelings expressed are completely different.
3. "Dew" is written in both poems. What does writing cicadas do? Please explain briefly. (4 points)
Reference answer
1.(2 points) Close-body chanting.
2.(3 points) d
3.(3 points) The "clear dew" in "Cicada" describes the noble nature of cicadas, so it can be widely publicized; The "exposure" in "Political Prisoners Listening to Cicada" describes the difficult living environment in Qiu Chan, which makes it impossible for it to fly high. Writing cicadas plays a foil role.