To solve the mystery of Shouwang's tomb, we should start with Chang Yuchun, a famous Ming dynasty, although Chang Yuchun is not Shouwang at all.
Chang Yuchun was one of the founding fathers of the Ming Dynasty and the second military figure after General Xu Da in the early Ming Dynasty.
1368 (the first year of Hongwu), after the Ming Dynasty overthrew the Yuan Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang ordered Chang Yuchun to lead 90,000 troops, appointed his nephew Li Wenzhong as Chang Yuchun's deputy (partial general), and went to the Great Wall to pursue the Yuan Army. According to the Chronicle of Ming History, Chang Yuchun led the army to "cross Lu Erling" (now Lu Erling, in the north of Zunhua), "Huizhou" (now Pingquan Huizhou City) and "attack Daxing" (now Longhua County), and finally attacked Yuanshangdu (now Zhenglan Banner in Inner Mongolia), and defeated the Yuan army with brilliant results.
"Biography of Chang Yuchun in the Ming Dynasty" records: "The teacher returned, followed by the river, and suddenly died, only forty years old."
On the way to triumph, Chang Yuchun's army suddenly fell ill and died in the Liuhe River.
Liuhe is a river often recorded in Liao and Jin Dynasties. The Liao country post road passes through Liuhe, and there is a post station-Liuhe Pavilion on the bank of Liuhe. The messengers of the Song Dynasty often mentioned Liuhe in their poems. The emperor of Jin took Liuhe River as a summer resort. But these Liuhe rivers all refer to the present Yixun River, which is conclusive in the history circle.
Liuhe, a tributary of Luanhe River in the south of Chengde, was called Liuhe before the Ming Dynasty. Gu Zuyu, a scholar at the end of Ming Dynasty and the beginning of Qing Dynasty, said in Notes on Reading History and Geography that "its water ring twists and turns nine times, which is called" nine streams "or" flowing river "for short.
After the Ming Dynasty abandoned the Great Wall, the Mongols renamed Liuhe River in Liao and Jin Dynasties as Yixun River, but Liuhe was homophonic. Chengde Fu explained the reason: "When the sound of Liu and Liu are similar, they will be different."
Both Ming History and Chronicle of Ming History were written in Qing Dynasty. The "Liuhe" in the previous quotation does not refer to the Yixun River, but the Liuhe in the south of Chengde today. Chang Yuchun died suddenly in Liuhe, which is now Liuhe. The author used to think it was the Ethan River, which should be revised after repeated discussions.
General Chang Yuchun, who led 90,000 troops to war, suddenly died in Liuhe, Saibei, which was a great event that shocked the whole Ming Dynasty. Li Wenzhong, a partial general, reported the news to Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang as far away as Nanjing, and set up a "Shoutang" near Chang Yuchun's sudden death to carry out condolence activities. In ancient times, the place where the dead were sacrificed was called Shoutang. Lu Ji's elegy poems in the Jin Dynasty include the poem "Shoutang extends rhyme, nothingness is self-contained".
Knowing the news of Chang Yuchun's sudden death, Zhu Yuanzhang, Emperor Taizu of Ming Dynasty, "mourned the great earthquake" and Chang Yuchun, posthumous title, was named "King Kaiping", and ordered his body to be transported back to Nanjing from the Great Wall and buried in Zhongshan (Purple Mountain).
When Chang Yuchun's body was taken away, Li Wenzhong ordered some of Chang Yuchun's relics to be buried in Shoutang. This tomb similar to the cenotaph is called "Shoutang Tomb".
Chang Yuchun's body was transported back to Nanjing from the Great Wall, and Zhu Yuanzhang greeted him and personally attended the grand funeral. More than 600 years later, Chang Yuchun's tomb is still preserved in the foothills below Nanjing Purple Mountain Observatory. When I went to Nanjing a few years ago, I took a taxi to visit Chang Yuchun's tomb. There are stone horses, stone sheep, Shi Hu and stone men in front of the tomb, and there is a mound in the Woods behind.
The "Shoutang Tomb" in Chang Yuchun, which was left in the Great Wall, was later abandoned outside the border in the Ming Dynasty, but the mound has been preserved. In the early Qing Dynasty, people in Guanli settled outside the Great Wall to make a living, and a village was formed near the "Shoutangfen", so the village name was called "Shoutangfen". 1736 (the first year of Qianlong), Zhili Province (the predecessor of Hebei Province) included 107 villages north of the Great Wall in Zunhua Prefecture, and "Shoutangfen" village was in this 107 village. Zunhua County Records compiled in Qing Dynasty clearly recorded this "Shoutangfen" village.
A place name often changes when it is called. For example, "18 Taiwan" has become "18 Li" and "Zhang Jingying" has become "Zhang Jiying", which is often the case. "Shoutang Tomb" is called "Shouwang Tomb". From the Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China, it was called "Shouwangling".
In the second year after the founding of New China, the country began to build Shouwangfen Copper Mine, and Shouwangfen Town was established in 1956. The name of "Tomb of the Shouwang" has been opened, but few people know its origin.
The site and mound of Shoutang in Chang Yuchun are located in the southeast of Zhengjiazhuang, Shouwangfen Town 1.5 km. Now it seems that few people know what connection it has with Chang Yuchun, the No.2 military figure in the Ming Dynasty. A few years ago, Chang Yuchun's descendants decorated Chang Yuchun's tomb in Nanjing Purple Mountain. I'm afraid they didn't know that there was Chang Yuchun's "Shoutang Tomb" outside the Great Wall.