China's literary knowledge
China was unified in literature from Qin Shihuang (22 BC1year), which was called pre-Qin literature in ancient China.
2. The invention of characters before the myth came into being. The myth full of imagination is the source of romantic literature.
3. In China, the most popular myths are "Goddess fills the sky", "Houyi shoots the sun", "Jingwei fills the sea" and "the Goddess Chang'e flying to the moon".
4. The Book is the earliest historical document and anthology in China, and it is said that it was compiled by Confucius at one time.
5. The Book of Songs is the earliest collection of poems received by * *. During the 305 years from the Western Zhou Dynasty to the Spring and Autumn Period, races and movements towards temples.
6. The "South" series of songs written by Qu Yuan and Liu Xiang's Song Yu in the Western Han Dynasty endowed Chu with a stable "South" and had a far-reaching impact on later generations.
7. Qu Yuan, a great patriotic poet, Li Sao is Qu Yuan's masterpiece.
8. "Xiu Yuan has a long way to go, and their wealth and happiness fluctuate." Qu is famous for Li Sao.
9. Pre-Qin Prose In the pre-Qin period, prose was divided into two types: historical prose and philosopher prose. Zuo Zhuan and Warring States Policy are the representatives of historical prose in the pre-Qin period. Confucius, Mencius, Mozi and Zhuangzi are representative ancient philosophers in The Analects of Confucius.
10, Zuo Zhuan is the first narrative history book, with high achievements in history, literature and language.
1 1 The Analects of Confucius is a collection of prose quotations, which records the words and deeds written by Confucius and his students. The Confucian classic "China Culture" has far-reaching influence.
12, "Isn't it a pleasure to have friends from afar?" (It's a pleasure to have friends from afar), "Don't do to others what you don't want them to do to you" (don't do to others what you don't want them to do to you), which is the famous Analects.
13 regret the loss of the Han dynasty, and a new literary form has emerged. This is a poetic essay.
Jia Yi was an outstanding politician and writer in the early years of the Western Han Dynasty. His most famous prose is a political essay "On Qin".
15 Relatively speaking, Zi Xu Fu and Shang Lin Fu were outstanding writers of Sima Ci Fu in the Western Han Dynasty.
16, Historical Records is a historical book written by Sima Qian, a famous historian in the Western Han Dynasty, and it is also a model for learning seal script.
17 China folk songs play an important role in the history of China's poetry development. Yuefu originally refers to the musical organ of Han Dynasty. Later, the poems collected, sorted and preserved by Yuefu organs were called Yuefu poems.
18 Peacock Flying Southeast is an outstanding long narrative poem of China in ancient times, which describes the tragic love story of a young man and a woman, and is the peak of the narrative poem of Han Yuefu.
/kloc-Nineteen Ancient Poems in 0/9 is a group of anonymous ditties in the Eastern Han Dynasty, which reached a mature stage and marked the development of five-character poetic folk songs.
On the 20th, in Jian 'an at the end of Han Dynasty, a batch of literati poems inherited the realistic spirit of China folk songs and the unique style of "generosity and desolation", which was called "Jian 'an".
2 1, the representative writers of Jian 'an literature, Cao Cao, Cao Pi and Cao Zhi, are collectively called "Three Changes".
"The old horse lurks, with a thousand miles of ambition, and the martyrs are old, so apologize for their mistakes", Cao Cao's Ghost Hands, a famous hero's mental health and strong performance.
23. Chae Yeon, Wen Xi, was a poetess in Jian 'an period. Her five-character elegy "shows the people who suffered in the political turmoil in the late Han Dynasty." .
On the 24th, Han Juan wrote 82 five-character poems with literary achievements in Zhengshi, which have always been called "Poems for Love".
25. In the Eastern Jin Dynasty (AD 3 17: 420), the great poet Tao Yuanming. His poems show idyllic quiet life and are called "pastoral poets".
26. In the later period, Tao Yuanming wrote "Poems in Peach Blossom Garden", which marked a new height, his thoughts and art, and the poet's social ideal in "Xanadu".
Lyrics is the highest achievement of the Western Zhou and Song Dynasties and the development of folk songs in the Southern Dynasties (420-589 AD).
28 "The sky is grey, the field is vast, the wind blows and the grass is low, and the sheep is a folk song poem of the Northern Dynasty", describing the scenery of the northern grassland.
On the 29th, Mulan, a famous folk song in the Northern Dynasties, told a touching story of the heroine Hua Mulan joining the army as her father.
Xie Lingyun, a poet in the Southern Dynasties, was the pioneer of landscape poetry.
3 1, the ghost story of Gan Bao's Search for Ji Shen, a representative of Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties.
At 32: 00, I recorded the words and deeds of some characters in Liu Yiqing in the Southern and Northern Dynasties, and the writing was vivid and concise.
33. The criticism of literary works in Wen Xin Diao Long has a great influence on later literary criticism.
34. Zhong Rong's Poem is a collection of annotated poems, which has a great influence on later poetry criticism.
35. Poetry, prose and novels were very developed in the Tang Dynasty (AD 6 18-907), especially in the Tang Dynasty.
36. Many great poets appeared in the Tang Dynasty, such as Li Bai, Du Fu, Bai Juyi, Liu Yuxi and Yin.
37. The literary movement initiated by Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan in Tang Dynasty.
38. The development of Tang poetry can be roughly divided into four stages: early Tang, prosperous Tang, prosperous Tang and late Tang.
39. More than 50,000 poems spread in the Tang Dynasty today are the sum of the first two or three poems.
40. Tang poetry points out the ancient and recent style. The number of old sentences is not limited to each Zebi free end. Modern poetry is divided into scriptures and quatrains. The rhyme of the poem is strict, the first one is four poles and eight, and the middle is reversed. Poetry, quatrains and even verses are regular. The ancient style and modern style are five words and seven points.
4 1, Lu, Luo, Yang Jiong, four outstanding figures in the early Tang Dynasty.
Wang Bo, 42, wrote the famous Preface to Wang Tengting. "Sunset and lonely Qi Fei, autumn water and sky are the most famous ones.
At the age of 43.7, Luo wrote a famous poem "Ode to Goose". Goose, goose, bent neck, white hair floating green water, red palm stirring clear waves.
44. Chen Ziang was a famous poet among the four outstanding poets in the late Tang Dynasty. He opposed the Six Bodies and advocated elegant poetry.
45. The pastoral poems of famous poets Meng Haoran and Wang Wei in the Tang Dynasty. Their poems are natural, simple and magnificent motherland and idyllic paintings.
46. Frontier poems by famous poets Gao Shi and Cen Can in the Tang Dynasty. Their poems show the frontier scenery of the motherland and China's entrepreneurial spirit.
47. Wang Changling, a famous poet who wrote a quatrain of seven words, is one of his representative works: "The bright moon was in the sky in Qin Dynasty, and the Long March ended in failure in Han Dynasty, but the dragonfly is here, so it is not called Humadu. Yinshan. "
48. There is a very famous poem in Wang Zhihuan's "Looking at the Heron Tower": "In the Tianshan Mountains, the sea drains the golden river, but you have broadened your horizons for 300 miles and achieved a higher realm, warning people to work harder and realize higher ideals.
49. Li Bai, named Taibai Qinglian layman, was one of the most famous poets in the Tang Dynasty. A young man wrote good poems praising the motherland in many places in China. His poems are full of passion and romance, and his imagination is very rich, so he is called "Poet Fairy".
50. Li Bai's five poems "Silent Night Thinking" write about homesickness and miss the famous sentence of hometown: "My bed foot is so bright, will it have frost?" . Looking up at the bright moon and sinking back, I suddenly remembered home.
5 1, Li Bai's "Song of Autumn Pu": "Little knowledge with white hair. The edge is like a long-term unknown mirror, which is autumn frost. White hair is three times as long as thousands of feet's, and exaggerated whimsy gives people a deep sense of melancholy.
52 Li Baici Feibaidi City: Cai Yun, Bai Di, thousands of miles away. Apes on both sides of the strait can't stop crying, and the canoe has passed Chung Shan Man "describes the magnificent scenery of the Three Gorges, but it also shows the poet's happy mood.
53. Li Bai also has many famous long poems, such as Difficult to Shudao, Sleepwalking in the Sky and Lingering, Difficult to Go, etc.
Du Fu, a beautiful word, is called a "poet" because his poems reflect the sufferings of people living in the war and his lofty patriotism. Li Bai, Du Fu and Li Bai are collectively referred to as the pinnacle of poetry art in the Tang Dynasty.
Du Fu's poems have written a lot about the history of this event, so his poems are called "epics".
56. Du Fu lived in the Tang Dynasty. From prosperity to weakness, wars often occurred. He wrote: "Heaven sings the meaning of drunkenness and the taste of youth, and returns to his hometown." The Yellow River recovered by the imperial army expressed the poet's desire for victory and peace.
57. "Rain in Spring Night" Du Fu's 5 laws: "Good rain knows the season when spring occurs. Sneaking into the night wind, wet things are dark in the wild. At dawn, I saw the red and wet place of the river boat, and the flowers in Jinguancheng were heavy. Describing a spring rain brought infinite joy.
58. Du Fu's famous sentences such as Three Officials, Three Farewells and Military Vehicle Shop.
59. Bai Juyi, whose real name is Lotte, is a Buddhist in Xiangshan. His poems are understandable, pay attention to real life and reflect all aspects of society.
60. Bai has two particularly famous poems, the song of everlasting regret and the love story of Tang Xuanzong. I want to be a lovebird for a day and a branch on the ground. One of them became a popular love oath. Listen to the melody of Bai Juyi's Pipa, and restore the pipa played by distant women to express their sadness. In the poem, "it's like pouring pearls into a jade plate", and a voice falls on the jade plate, which is a metaphor for pipa pearls.