Poetry and words are the most difficult to distinguish. ..
Ok, let me talk about the way to distinguish poetry from words. ...
There are great differences in literary characteristics between poetic style and ci style. Let's illustrate the differences in literary characteristics between poetic style and ci style by comparison. First of all, the relationship between poetry and music is different. China's classical poetry had an indissoluble bond with music from the very beginning, but poetry eventually broke away from music, and only after breaking away from music did it become mature and prosperous. However, Ci originated from the soil of music, and musicality is the most basic feature of Ci-style literature. Even if the Southern Song Ci no longer completely entered the musical aria, but became a new rhythmic poem, it should still be filled according to the rhythm and tune stipulated in the Ci, and the brand of music cannot be erased.
First of all, from the syntactic point of view, metrical poems are unified, and the length of ancient poems is arbitrary; The sentence patterns of words are uneven, but the uneven aria of words is also stipulated by the meter; Secondly, the syntax of poetry is also very different, the metrical poetic style is relatively fixed, and the rhythm is 23 and 223; The syntax of words is flexible and diverse, and one word provokes people to travel thousands of miles; Third, the rhyme rules of poetry are different. Metric poems only use flat rhymes, rhyme to the end, rhyme every other sentence, and the first sentence can be suppressed or not; The word is flat, the rhyme can be changed in the middle and the rhyme foot can be changed, but it is stipulated by the meter; Finally, the antithesis rules of poetry are quite different. The second couplet and the third couplet of metrical poems must be antithetical, but if they are antithetical, they are much more flexible and have no unified requirements. If the foot is right, it can be right or wrong. catch sb's attention
Simply put, "word" has a tone, which is what we often call "melody", and the epigraph represents a certain fixed melody. "Ci" is like a song with many different lyrics now, so it is called "lyrics"; Poetry is also a rhythmic language, but it is not as suitable for singing as Ci.
Let's talk about the difference between ancient poetry and modern poetry. ....
A, according to the metrical classification:
Classical poetry is not restricted by meter except rhyme. In addition to rhyme, modern poetry is also restricted by meter.
Second, according to the number of words:
Modern poetry has only five words and seven words. There are four-character, five-character (five-character) and seven-character (seven-character) ancient poems with irregular words (seven-character ancient poems are also called seven-character), and there are also a few three-character and six-character poems.
Third, according to the number of sentences:
Classical poetry ranges from two sentences to one hundred. Modern poetry has four quatrains, eight rhymes and more than eight lines.
Four, according to the rhyme classification:
(a) ancient poetry:
1. The whole poem can use flat and oblique rhymes, and can also be changed into other rhymes at will.
2. Every sentence in the poem can be rhymed, and the rhymed words can be repeated.
3. Rhyme in poetry is not limited to even sentences, and odd sentences can also be used.
4. In poetry, we can communicate with neighboring rhymes and rising tones.
5. Allow sentences with plain culture.
(2) modern poetry:
1. A poem is limited to one rhyme. Except for the first sentence, which can rhyme or not, all other sentences rhyme even.
2. The rhyming words cannot be repeated.
3. The last word of a sentence doesn't need to rhyme, and a flat tone can't be the same as the last word of a rhyming sentence.
4. You can't use adjacent rhymes except the first sentence.
5. They all use flat rhymes.
There are four quatrains and eight rhyming poems.
The number of sentences in an ancient poem can be more or less; Every modern poem has definite sentences, but there are only four quatrains and eight metrical poems. Ranked above the lawyer's sentence and made another statement.
Second, the number of words in ancient poetry is uncertain, including four words, five words, six words, seven words and miscellaneous words; Modern poetry and sentences have definite characters, and only five or seven words are popular, so they cannot be added or subtracted at will.
The rhyme of Sangu's poems is not rigorous, the rhyme foot can be even, and the rhyme can be variable; Modern poetry has a strict rhythm. Generally speaking, it should be balanced in sound and rhyme, rhyme to the end, and don't change the rhyme.
The four ancient poems have extremely extensive requirements for the fluency of rhyme; Most modern poems have strict requirements on the level of words.
Five ancient poems do not require antithesis; In addition to quatrains, modern poetry also requires antithesis in a designated position.
[Note] 1 The rhyme of modern poetry is very strict. No matter quatrains, metrical poems or poems, they must rhyme to the end. Rhyme (also known as "falling rhyme") is a taboo in modern poetry.
Yunping is a positive example in modern poetry, and rhyming quatrains and metrical poems are rarely used. Yun's metrical poems are very similar to the ancient style, which can often be considered as "legalistic ancient style", because modern poetry is mainly based on flat rhyme after all.
In addition to the five laws and seven rhythms, there are occasionally some six-character poems, which are rare forms, just like the five-seven-character three-rhyme poems.