Grasp the main content of the poem quickly by combining the background described in the annotation.
Second, look at the key language (title, ending poem, poetic eye).
The key language in ancient poetry, such as the title, ending verse and other words that indicate the eye of poetry, often directly reveals the information of the theme of poetry.
Third, look at the genre
If it is a narrative poem, we can start with the analysis of characters, then summarize the theme of the poem and appreciate the concise and vivid language of the poem.
If it is a philosophical poem, it is necessary to reveal the philosophy contained in the poem when summing up the theme, and analyze the expression method from the perspective of "supporting things and expressing aspirations". A thousand hammers hew out of the mountain, and the fire burns idle. Not afraid of broken bones, leaving innocence in the world. )
If it is a lyric poem, we can understand the feelings expressed by the poet from the scenery (specific nouns) written, and answer, "What is the benefit of writing like this?" , "What kind of artistic techniques are used", "Please enjoy this poem" and other issues, we should consider whether it is direct or indirect lyricism (borrowing things to express feelings and blending scenes).
Fourth, look at the technique.
Lyric technique
(1) Express your feelings directly.
(2) Indirect lyricism
A expresses ambition with things (borrowing things to describe people) b borrows scenery expressions (things) c melts scenery.
Second, description skills.
① Contrast: Sketch the life picture of …, highlight the poet's feelings for …, or express his thoughts on life and society.
② Set off (set off, contrast, contrast)
(3) Rendering (describing the layout three times or more)
④ Combination of frontal description and profile description.
Three rhetorical devices
(1) allusion-borrowing fairy tales, historical figures' activities and ancient poems.
(2) Metonymy-implicit and euphemistic, expressing specific feelings.
(3) Metaphor-vivid image and emotional sustenance; Or language reveals the philosophy of life in simple words. Imagination, association and imagination are ingenious, outlining the picture of life or society.
(4) Pun-the implication, intriguing, implicit beauty.
Homophonic pun, implicit and interesting. For example, "the sunrise in the east is sunny in the west, and the road is sunny (sentimental) but not sunny (sentimental). Semantic pun
5] personification, personification of scenery and things, vivid images and emotional sustenance; Or the scene blends, and things are integrated with me; Or borrow things than people, symbolizing.
[6] exaggeration, highlighting characteristics, strengthening feelings and enhancing appeal; Or create a strange artistic conception and express romantic feelings.
Thirdly, use a word to highlight a feature or an emotion.
Being asked, asking and answering, full of interest; Ask questions, enhance persuasion, and make people deeply awake.
(9) irony.
⑽ Intertextuality: "Participate in each other's writing, and see the text when you are tolerant." Specifically, it is a form: the upper and lower sentences or two parts of a sentence seem to say two things, but in fact they echo each other, explain each other, complement each other and say the same thing. For example, "the moon is bright in Qin dynasty and closed in Han dynasty", "the smoke cage is cold and the moon is full of sand" and "open my Dongting door and sit on my Xiting bed".
4. Other means of expression: the combination of reality and reality.
Fifth, look at the image.
① willow tree
"Liu" and "Liu" are homophonic. When the ancients bid farewell, they often folded willows to express their deep affection for parting.
Li Bai recalled Qin E: "The flute sounded, and the harp moth dreamed of breaking Qin Louyue. Qin Louyue, Liuse every year, Fuling is injured. "
⑵ Moon
Generally speaking, the moon in ancient poems is synonymous with homesickness. Li Bai's Thoughts on a Quiet Night: "The foot of the bed is bright, is there frost?" Looking up, I found that it was moonlight, sinking again, and I suddenly thought of home. "
⑶ Chrysanthemum
A symbol of loyalty and noble character. Tao Yuanming's "Picking chrysanthemums under the hedge, leisurely seeing Nanshan"
Sixth, the format of the answer.
1, opinions precede reasons.
When solving a problem, put forward your point of view first, and then state your reasons.
2. Divide before closing. When answering questions, divide them first and then sum them up.
3, the total first and then the score, always say first and then the score when answering questions.