It has many modifiers (attributives, adverbials), many coordinate components, or a complex structure of a component. Short sentences are antonyms of long sentences. Short sentences refer to sentences with few words and simple structure.
Characteristics of long sentences: rigorous ideographic, rich in content, rigorous and meticulous. Characteristics of short sentences: flexible meaning, concise and lively, and strong sense of rhythm.
The principle of changing long and short sentences cannot change the original meaning, but words can be added or deleted and the word order can be adjusted appropriately. Long sentences become short sentences. First, it is clear that the purpose is to see the requirements of the topic. Is to turn a long sentence into several short sentences. Do you have any other requirements?
Second, extract the trunk No matter how complicated a long sentence is, it always has only one set of subjects, predicates and objects. To accurately grasp the original meaning of a sentence, carefully analyze the constituent elements of the sentence before conversion, prioritize and extract the main information as the main sentence of the sentence.
Thirdly, on the basis of finding out the main sentence, straighten out the branches and leaves, analyze the other components of the sentence, and in what order they should be arranged and combined, so that the rewritten sentence can not only accurately express the original intention, but also make the sentence express smoothly, coherently and logically. Tip 1: Organize modifiers (attributives and adverbials) and make sentences independently (short simple sentences and short clauses). You can add necessary names, demonstrative pronouns or related words to make sentences smooth.
Example: (Chongqing Volume 2009) uses "Paganini" as the beginning of the first sentence, and changes the following long sentence into four short sentences. Requirements: keep the original intention, the sentences are fluent and the meaning is coherent, and individual words can be increased or decreased appropriately.
Paganini, a world-class violinist, is a strange man. He has received gifts from God as well as suffering, and is good at interpreting talent to the extreme with the strings of suffering. Find out the main sentence: Paganini is a strange man.
② Find out the modifying ingredients: A. A world-class violinist B. Accept both the gift of talent and the suffering of God C. Be good at interpreting talent to the extreme with the strings of suffering 3. Arrange reasonably according to the requirements and form logical paragraphs. Relevant words can be appropriately added to the example.
Paganini is a strange man. He has not only received the gift from God, but also the gift from suffering, and is good at interpreting the gift to the extreme with the strings of suffering. He eventually became a world-class violinist. Tip # 2: If the coordinate phrase acts as a sentence component and is too long, disassemble the coordinate modifier to match the head word (* * *) to form an overlapping sentence pattern, and expand the coordinate phrase into several coordinate clauses.
Example: Change the following long sentences into coherent short sentences. Flowing water and quiet and self-controlled mountains are regarded as the symbols of the wise and the benevolent, because the ancients in China liked to find the counterpart of the quality of life in nature by metaphor.
The adverbial part is removed from the analysis, and the subject and object in the example sentence are juxtaposed. Theme: flowing water, quiet and self-controlled mountain.
Object: the wise and the benevolent. Be regarded as a symbol of.
Therefore, it can be divided and combined as follows: ① Steady water is regarded as a symbol of the wise. The quiet and self-made mountain is regarded as a symbol of the benevolent.
The ancients in China liked to look for the counterpart of quality of life in nature in a metaphorical way. Therefore, the steady water is regarded as a symbol of the wise, and the quiet and self-made mountain is regarded as a symbol of the benevolent. Fourth, the answer to retouching The so-called rectification retouching refers to the investigation of the roughly transformed sentences from two aspects: semantics and expression.
First, make sure that the converted sentence cannot change its original meaning; Second, if the converted sentence doesn't read smoothly enough, we should add some words appropriately on the basis of maintaining the original intention to make the whole sentence coherent and smooth. Short sentences become long sentences. Changing short sentences into long sentences and changing long sentences into short sentences are just the opposite in thinking.
Grammatically speaking, it is to take a core sentence as the main body and turn other sentences into decorative elements of the core sentence. First, a clear purpose, see the requirements of the topic. Short sentences and long sentences often start with one of the words or the subject, and examine the modification of the sentence or define something. So the structure of long sentences should be determined according to the requirements.
Second, determine the main sentence (core sentence) The main sentence is often an affirmative sentence or a conclusion sentence in a group of short sentences. Third, turn the remaining short sentences into phrases and modify the main components respectively. When converting short sentences into modifier phrases, we should arrange the hierarchical order of each modifier to make it appropriate and reasonable.
Fourth, polish the answers on the basis of the first two steps, and make sure that the answers are fluent and meet the requirements of the topic according to the requirements. Example: (Beijing Volume 2009) According to the requirements, rewrite the following three sentences into one sentence, and keep the original information (add or subtract words as appropriate).
A Dream of Red Mansions is the greatest novel in ancient China. Cao Xueqin is the author of the novel A Dream of Red Mansions.
A Dream of Red Mansions reveals the darkness, decay and decline of feudal system. (1) Take a dream of red mansions as the topic; (2) Take Cao Xueqin as the topic, with analysis first and clear requirements.
It is required to change the long sentences with A Dream of Red Mansions and Cao Xueqin as the subjects respectively. Second, determine the main sentence.
Taking A Dream of Red Mansions as the subject, the first sentence should be the main sentence, Cao Xueqin as the subject, and the second sentence should be the main sentence. Third, transform the ingredients.
The third sentence can be transformed into an attribute that modifies A Dream of Red Mansions, and it can be changed into A Dream of Red Mansions that exposes the darkness and decay of feudal system, or it can be transformed into a predicate that a Dream of Red Mansions exposes the darkness and decay of feudal system. Fourth, polish the answer.
Reference answer (1) A Dream of Red Mansions, the greatest novel in ancient China written by Cao Xueqin, exposes the darkness, decay and decline of the feudal system. (2) Cao Xueqin is the author of the greatest novel A Dream of Red Mansions, which exposes the darkness, decay and decline of the ancient feudal system in China.
2. Where should the main clause be placed in the transformation of long and short sentences? 1? First, the main sentence is screened out, and the central meaning of the sentence is clear, then the additional components are extracted and put into a certain order.
Ordered short sentences. take for example
1 Determine the trunk first.
"Paganini is a strange man", and then divide the attribute into independent sentences and arrange them in a certain order.
2. Take out some compound modifiers in compound sentences and change them into single sentences, and then let other modifiers make clauses separately.
For example, in the pasture, you can often see a person riding a bordeaux horse, wearing a blue Mongolian robe and a bean green belt around his waist.
A young man carrying a red cross medicine box. You can often see a young man riding a bordeaux horse on the pasture.
He wore a blue Mongolian robe, a bean-green belt around his waist and a red cross medicine box on his back.
Short-sentence variable-length sentence
Its method is contrary to the method of changing long sentences into short sentences. First of all, we can find out the main contents of several short sentences and take some of them as the backbone of long sentences. Then change the other contents of several short sentences into modifiers arranged in a certain order in long sentences, or combine the modifiers in short sentences that match the head language to match the head language. Example 2 was transformed according to the above method.