Ideal is a stone, knocking out a single spark;
Ideal is fire, lighting the extinguished lamp;
Ideal is a lamp that illuminates the road at night;
Ideal is the road that leads you to the dawn.
In the age of hunger and cold, the ideal is food and clothing;
In the era of food and clothing, ideal is civilization.
In chaotic times, the ideal is stability;
In a stable era, the ideal is prosperity.
Ideals are like pearls, one after another,
Throughout the ages, the future is endless.
Beautiful pearl chain, the backbone of history,
The past shines today, the present shines now, and the ancestors shine on their children.
Ideal is a compass to guide ships;
Ideal is a ship, carrying you to sea for a long voyage.
But the ideal is sometimes the arc of kissing between the sea and the sky.
It's beyond your tolerance and tortures your enterprising heart.
Ideal makes you smile and observe life;
Ideal makes you stubbornly resist fate.
Ideal makes you forget the early gray hair on your temples;
Ideal makes your head white and naive.
Ideal is an alarm clock to break your golden dream;
Ideal is soap to wash away your selfishness.
Ideal is not only an acquisition,
Ideal is a kind of sacrifice.
If ideals bring you honor,
That's just a by-product of it,
But more is misunderstood loneliness,
Laughter in loneliness, bitterness in laughter.
Ideal makes honest people often suffer misfortune;
Ideals keep the unfortunate people alive.
Ordinary people are great because they have ideals;
The ideal person is a "capitalized person".
There are always people in the world who have abandoned their ideals.
Ideals never abandon anyone.
Give new life to sinners, and ideal is the immortal grass that revives the soul;
Call the prodigal son back, the ideal is a loving mother.
The ideal has been defiled, so there is no need to resent it.
That's the devil testing your loyalty;
Ideal has been pickpocketed, don't cry,
Go get it back, and be careful in the future!
The hero lost his ideal and became a mediocre man.
Exaggerated the achievements of the year;
Mediocre people have lost their ideals and lived all their lives.
Ridiculously cursing the immediate environment.
Ideal flowering, peaches and plums should bear sweet fruit;
The ideal bud, elm poplar will have thick shade.
Please get on the ideal horse and start here with a whip.
Spring is just on the road and the sky is sunny.
First, the overall grasp
This poem is full of "yes" and "make", a series of "ideal is ……" and a series of "ideal makes …", which eulogizes the meaning of ideal. The last section says, "Please get on the ideal horse and start with the whip." I hope people will set up lofty ideals and work hard for them. In a word, this poem says that life must have ideals. Poets praise ideals from many angles, and a series of figurative metaphors contain rich meanings.
Second, the problem research
What are the four metaphors of 1. 1?
There is no need to understand the metaphorical meaning of each metaphor in isolation. From stone to fire, from fire to lamp, from lamp to road, these four metaphors are connected, and they are also called "thimble" in rhetoric. The first two metaphors pave the way for the third metaphor, and the poetry mainly lies in the latter two metaphors. "Dawn" refers to the ideal state. In the long night, the ideal points out the bright direction, so some people say, "the ideal is a bright lamp, which illuminates the road at night;" Ideal is the road, which leads you to the dawn. "As you can see, this paragraph mainly says that ideal is the way forward. It's easy to understand with practice. When Marxism spread to China, China's advanced elements established * * *, and this socialist ideology was like a lamp, illuminating the road at night. This ideal is like a road, leading the people of China to a bright new China and the people of China to socialist modernization. The first two metaphors, from a single spark to lighting a extinguished lamp, talk about the process of ideal communication. For example, when Li Dazhao and others first spread Marxism, the proletarian ideal was a spark in China; The continuous spread of Marxism in China has become the guiding ideology of China's * * * production party, just like a lighthouse.
2. The second verse says that different times have different ideals, and ideals have the characteristics of the times, right? Besides, what does this mean?
You're right. Ideals have the characteristics of the times, and ideals have levels. With the continuous progress of society, ideals are constantly improving. The society is developing step by step, and the ideal is improving step by step. When a need is met, new needs and new ideals will arise. On the other hand, the gradual improvement of ideals has also made society progress. The punctuation in this section deserves attention. The first line, the third line and the end of the sentence are semicolons with only two periods. These two sentences are said from two angles. Hunger and cold, food and clothing, civilization is based on living conditions. Disturbance and stability are from the perspective of social order.
3. What does the third section mean? What's the connection with the second part?
The second section says that the gradual improvement of human ideals, from food and clothing to civilization, from stability to prosperity, is historic; The third section looks at human ideals from a historical perspective and compares them to pearls. The human ideal is like a pearl chain. Why is it the backbone of history? Because it is the ideals from generation to generation that keep human history moving forward, and ideals are the spiritual driving force of human constant struggle. The sentence "Don't forget the past, be a teacher of the future". This word "Zhao" not only inherits the "shining light", but also takes care of the "glowing" photos in the poem 1. The ideals of our ancestors have illuminated the way forward for future generations. In a word, this poem means that the ideals of human beings from generation to generation have promoted the development of history.
4. What is the focus of the fourth verse?
Focus on the last two sentences. "Ideal is a compass, which guides the ship". The third sentence of section 1 "Ideal is a lamp, which illuminates the road at night" all say that ideal makes people clear the direction. The fourth sentence of section 1 says that "ideal is the way to lead you to dawn", and the dawn will surely come, and this ideal will inevitably come true. The fourth section tells another story: "the ideal is sometimes the arc of the kiss of the sea and the sky,/unseen, tormenting your enterprising heart." What is said here is that the realization of the ideal often goes through many setbacks and failures, or it is not as close as expected. At first, we underestimated the long-term nature, and later we realized its arduousness and long-term nature.
5. How to summarize the general idea of Section 5?
Understand every poem first. "Ideal makes you observe life with a smile", which means that ideal makes people optimistic. For example, in the years of hunger and cold, with the ideal of food and clothing, I believe that hard-working hands will certainly win a feeling of plenty, hope and optimism. "Ideal makes you stubbornly resist fate", which means that ideal makes people full of fighting spirit and indomitable struggle. For example, in the face of misfortune and bad luck, with ideals, I believe that bad luck can be overcome, the future is bright, and I will make unremitting efforts. "Ideal makes you forget your early white hair; /Ideal makes your head white and naive ",that is to say, ideal makes the mental age of the elderly very young, he is full of courage and struggle, and it is ideal that makes him full of vitality.
One is optimism, the other is fighting spirit, and the third is vitality. To sum up, it is strength, including spiritual strength. The general idea of this poem can be summarized as: ideals give people strength.
6. How to understand the sixth section? Does the "sacrifice" here mean that the golden dream is broken and the selfishness is washed away?
Not bad. Obviously, the ideal mentioned by the poet is a lofty social ideal, not a golden dream. It is not a poet's ideal to want to get rich and have tens of thousands, hundreds of thousands, millions or tens of millions of assets. Even getting rich by proper means is not a poet's ideal, let alone robbing money by illegal means. Struggle for lofty social ideals, regardless of personal wealth and various personal interests, he obtained the happiness of struggling for the ideal, and the joy after the ideal was realized at the expense of other personal interests.
7. Why do you say, "If an ideal brings you honor,/it is only a by-product"? Why "bring more misunderstood loneliness"? How can there be laughter in loneliness? Why is there bitterness in laughter?
The by-products produced by making something are called by-products. Ideal is the pursuit of social food and clothing, civilization, stability, prosperity and so on, rather than personal honor. The ideal has come true, and the society gives you honor, which is just a by-product of the ideal.
Loneliness is silence and emptiness. People with lofty ideals seem to be misunderstood as incomprehensible, which is often the case in history. The ideal is to change the status quo. However, people who haven't realized that the status quo is natural. Changing the status quo, in their view, is a great rebellion, madness, madness, avoiding him and opposing him, and the strugglers will be very lonely.
A man with lofty ideals who struggles for his ideals enjoys the joy of struggle despite his loneliness, so he has a "smile in loneliness". However, he was misunderstood and treated as an alien, so there was bitterness in his laughter.
8. What is the central meaning of Section 8?
Section 8 is divided into two big sentences, and the upper and lower clauses of each big sentence are separated by semicolons. The first clause of the first sentence is a continuation of the previous section, and "misfortune" refers to "misunderstood loneliness" and "bitterness". The upper and lower sentences mean a turning point, which is written in prose, that is, "ideals make honest people often suffer misfortune, but ideals make unfortunate people survive", so the meaning focuses on the latter sentence. This section talks about the significance of ideals to life. Ideal makes the unfortunate people live and makes the ordinary people great. The so-called "capitalized people" are real people, noble people and great people.
9. What does section 9 mean? What does this have to do with the last section?
Section 9 says that anyone can set up an ideal, even a sinner. Once he sets up an ideal, he can get a new life. Even a prodigal son, once he has set up an ideal, "the prodigal son will never change his money." "Ideals are immortal grass" means that sinners are sinners because they have lost their souls and are driven by evil thoughts. If you set up an ideal, you will restore your conscience and the soul of a normal person, and you will be able to turn over a new leaf. "Ideal is a loving mother", which means that ideal can guide the prodigal son on the right track.
10. 10 What exactly do you mean by "ideal being defiled" and "ideal being pickpocketed"?
It is not difficult to understand the historical background. Ten years of catastrophe, the Gang of Four distorted Marxism-Leninism and propagated their false Marxism-Leninism, and their proletarian ideal was ruined and defiled. Because of their abuse and defilement, some people's beliefs have been shaken, that is, their ideals have been pickpocketed. The devil defiled your ideal. It is a test whether we can distinguish between true and false and firm our true ideals. It can also be said that "the devil is testing your loyalty." Ideal is pickpocketed because it is not persistent enough. Therefore, first of all, we must get them back, and secondly, we must be vigilant, "be careful in the future" and regard ideals as life.
11.11What's the connection with the above? Why do you say "disgusting" when you praise the merits of that year? "Curse the immediate environment", why do you say "ridiculous"?
The previous section said "pickpocketing" and this section said "lost". The former is passive, the latter is subjective abandonment, and there is a hierarchical relationship. Comparing Section 8, "Ordinary people are great because of their ideals" and "Heroes are mediocre because they lose their ideals", the contrast is very obvious. Positive and negative contrast highlights the importance of ideals to life.
It's disgusting to brag about your exploits in those days, instead of making new achievements, eating old money and lying on the credit book for fame and fortune. It is ridiculous to "curse the immediate environment" without trying to change it.
12. What is the metaphor of "ideal flowering" in section 12? Why don't you finally pay attention to "taking photos at night" and say "the spring scenery on the road is just right, and the sun is shining high in the sky"?
The phrase "ideal flower" means that today's ideal flower is tomorrow's sweet fruit, and today's ideal bud is tomorrow's shade. Set up an ideal, persevere and you will have fruitful results.
"The spring scenery on the road is just right, and the sun is shining in the sky" symbolizes a good situation. In the new historical period, it is the best opportunity for the people of China to realize their beautiful ideals.
13. Explore the context of this poem.
To explore the context, we must first understand the general idea of each section, and then merge the similar ones together, so that it is easy to understand.
Similar to 3, 2 can be summarized by "ideal historical significance".
Sections 4, 5, 6 and 7 are similar and can be summarized by "ideal personality meaning".
Sections 8, 9, 10, 1 1 are similar and can be summarized by "the ideal meaning of life".
It can be seen that the whole poem mainly praises the ideal significance, from historical significance to personality significance and life significance.
The first section always talks about the meaning of ideals, and the last section encourages people to set up ideals and fight for them. In this way, the context of the whole poem is clear.