I. Introduction to the author
Beethoven (1770- 1827) is the greatest composer in Germany. Born in a civilian family in Bonn, Germany, he showed his musical talent very early and began to perform at the age of eight. 1792 went to Vienna for further study. Haydn met him and was allowed to be his student. 1795, he made his debut as a composer and pianist in Vienna. 1798- 1800, he devoted himself to composing music besides teaching piano. 1800 held a concert of novels, poems and literary works in April to establish the status of composer.
Beethoven's main works are: 9 symphonies (leaving a fragment of the tenth symphony), 3 overtures, 5 piano concertos, 1 violin concerto, 19 string quartets, 4 string quintets, 8 piano trio, 10 violin sonatas, 4 cello sonatas, 32 piano sonatas and so on. In addition, there are operas, oratorios, oratorios, mass, songs and so on.
Beethoven persisted in the feudal restoration era when all progressive ideas were banned? Freedom and equality? Political beliefs, through speeches and works, for * * * and ideals. His works, influenced by the Enlightenment and the German Hurricane Movement in the18th century, have a distinct personality and have made great progress compared with their predecessors. Beethoven is a master who spans two centuries and connects classical music school and romantic music school. His creation is firmly rooted in the classical tradition, with a sense of musical logic, structural unity and magnificent musical spirit. Due to social changes and the requirements of their own talents, classical music has been greatly developed and changed, becoming the source of romantic music. In music performance, he involved almost all music genres at that time, which greatly improved the expressive force of the piano, made it obtain the dramatic effect of symphony, and made symphony an important music form that directly reflected social changes. Beethoven combined classical music and opened up the road of romantic music.
Second, a brief introduction to music
Symphony No.9 in D minor, also known as? Chorus symphony? The highest peak and summary of German composer Beethoven's whole music creation career. The work was created between 18 19 and 1824, and premiered in Vienna on May 7, 2004. It was a great success and thunderous applause reached five times. This symphony is broad in conception, profound in thought and rich in image. It expanded the scale and scope of the symphony, transcending the genre and norms at that time, and became a magnificent ode full of philosophy and heroism played by symphony orchestras, choirs and soloists and duets. Through this work, the author expresses the will of mankind to seek freedom, and firmly believes that this struggle will eventually end with the victory of mankind, and mankind will gain joy, unity and friendship. The chorus of the fourth movement of this work is based on the famous German poet Schiller? Ode to Joy? Writing music for the lyrics is also the most famous theme of this work. The Ninth Symphony is the pinnacle of Beethoven's musical career. From the gestation to the completion of the work, it has devoted decades of hard work. It takes at least an hour to play the whole song from beginning to end, but there is no sense of long delay.
Beethoven's ninth symphony in d minor
Symphony No.9 in D minor, German composer Ludwig? Where is it? Beethoven wrote it between 18 19 and 1824. Because the fourth movement of the music joined the chorus, it was later called? Chorus symphony? . The chorus of the fourth movement was composed by Schiller, a famous German poet? Ode to Joy? Writing music for the lyrics later became the most famous theme in this work. Symphony No.9 in D minor is recognized as Beethoven's highest achievement in the field of symphony, and it is also the highest peak and summary of his music creation career.
Third, music appreciation.
Work * * * is divided into four actions:
The first movement, Allegro, not too fast and slightly solemn, in D minor, 2/4 beat, sonata form. The first theme is stern and powerful, showing the image of hard struggle, full of great shock and tragic color. At first, the theme was played by the string part in a low and depressing atmosphere, and then gradually strengthened until the whole band played all the themes with dignity and strength.
The second movement, Allegro in D minor, in 3/4 time, is a huge scherzo style. Beethoven broke the tradition that the second movement of classical symphony is adagio. The theme of this movement is clear and exciting, full of motivation, with the characteristics of energetic Austrian folk dance music, but it also contains anxiety.
The third movement, such as Adagio, B flat major, 4/4 time, irregular variations. There are two themes. The first theme is full of meditation, with strong lyricism and philosophy.
Fourth movement in D major, Allegro, 4/4 time. Thematically? Ode to Joy? Before the beginning, music experienced a long period of painful instrumental performance, which included memories of the first three movements. The core of the whole movement is chorus? Ode to Joy? Theme, this is a huge variation, full of solemn religious color and grand momentum, and it is a model work of cooperation between human voice and symphony orchestra. Through many variations on this theme, music finally reached the climax of the whole symphony and reached the peak of Beethoven's music creation. The duet and solo parts of the movement also give full play to the characteristics of each range of the four singers.
Fourth, music review
As soon as the first movement came up, it expressed the ideological source of the whole work with serious and grand momentum. In fact, this is a theme repeatedly expressed by Beethoven in many works? Struggle also reflects the inevitable process of struggle? Difficulties and hardships. Melody ups and downs, sometimes depressed, sometimes tragic, as if to see the Warriors constantly impact the barrier, go forward, looking forward to victory.
The next second movement is traditionally adagio, but Beethoven broke this convention and used an extremely lively allegro. The whole theme of the second movement is clear and exciting, full of motivation, which seems to give positive encouragement to the warriors who are fighting, and it seems that people can see the warm sunshine and blue sky on the cloudy battlefield at once. At the same time, there are Austrian folk dance music in the main theme? Laendler? Characteristics of harmony and dance. But after careful taste, it is not difficult to find that at the end of the movement, the melody began to rush again, vaguely revealing a very uneasy atmosphere.
The third movement is the adagio movement, and Beethoven deliberately made innovations in arrangement. Compared with the first two movements, this movement is much quieter and more serene. Although the melody is gentle, it is feminine. What does Berlioz, a famous French composer and music critic think of this movement? Great music? . There are two themes in the third movement. The first theme is full of meditation and has strong lyricism and philosophy. After the first two movements show fierce fighting scenes, the third movement seems to be a brief calm in the war.
The fourth movement is the essence of the whole work and is usually divided into two parts? Overture and vocal music. In some records, the fourth movement occupies one track, and in some records, the overture and vocal solo, duet and chorus are divided into two tracks, but in fact, both of them belong to the whole of the fourth movement. Among them, the vocal part sang the poem Ode to Joy by the German poet Schiller. However, before the vocal part came on stage, music experienced a long painful experience in instrumental part, which included memories of the first three movements. This overture is powerful, resolute and thrilling. And then the woodwind came out slowly? Ode to Joy? The theme is like a ray of sunshine breaking through dense clouds and sprinkling on the earth. The whole theme of joy gradually kicked off, and Beethoven's real ideal kingdom is just around the corner!
After a series of preparations, the vocal part finally surfaced and began to sing "Ode to Joy". Ode to Joy, accompanied by passionate lyrics and rapid and magnificent melody, sings people's yearning for freedom, equality and fraternity. Of course, Beethoven did not copy Schiller's original poems, but made some abridgements and modifications with his own unique ideas to meet the needs of music. Under the mutual contrast of gripping lyrics and Beethoven's superman melody, under the solo, duet and chorus of four different voices, Ode to Joy has been sublimated, and those who appreciate it have gained unparalleled strength and spiritual support. At the end of the movement, this atmosphere is shown to the extreme, and the whole work ends in an extremely bright and brilliant scene.
Today, the Ninth Symphony in D minor is recognized as Beethoven's highest achievement in the field of symphony. It is said that Ode to Joy is the pinnacle of Beethoven's symphony, especially because the whole work seems to be a history of struggle between Beethoven's life and fate. The first and second movements of music are minor, which shows Beethoven's unfortunate early years. Pain and despair have been with him and tormented him. But he persisted, stubbornly fighting against fate. Slowly, the pain became calm (the third movement), so that at last he was completely relieved and got the real eternal final joy (the fourth movement). Struggle has always existed in Beethoven's works. Symphony No.9 in D minor, in particular, can give endless strength and hope to people struggling in the turbulent waves of pain and despair.