Meaning: ?"White hair" is caused by sorrow, "scratch" means to relieve sorrow and make it more sorrowful. His hair has become white and thin. From the changes in his hair, readers can feel the pain and sorrow in the poet's heart. The readers can more fully appreciate the true image of the poet who is worried about his country and misses his family when he is sad.
1. Original text:
"Spring Hope"
Tang Dynasty? Du Fu
The country is broken by mountains and rivers, and the city is full of spring vegetation. The flowers shed tears when I feel grateful, and the birds are frightened by the hatred.
The war rages on for three months, and a letter from home is worth ten thousand gold. The white-headed scratches are shorter, and the hairpin is full of lust.
2. Interpretation: After the country fell, only the mountains and rivers remained, and the urban areas in spring were overgrown with grass. I am sad and sad when I see the flowers blooming, but I shed tears. When I leave my family, the birdsong makes my heart palpitate. The flames of war have not stopped in March, and family letters are precious and worth tens of thousands of dollars. The only thing I can do when I am depressed and upset is scratching my head, causing my white hair to become sparse and unable to be inserted into hairpins.
3. Appreciation: The first four lines of this poem describe the miserable and ruined scene of Chang'an in spring, full of emotion about its rise and fall; the last four lines describe the poet's feelings of missing his relatives and caring about national affairs, full of sorrow and sadness. The whole poem has a strict rhythm. The chin couplet uses "I feel the flowers splashing with tears" to express the sigh of the collapse of the country, and the neck couplet uses "hate the other birds to frighten me" to express the worry of homesickness. The last couplet emphasizes that the deep sorrow leads to whitening and death. The poem is sparse, the dialogue is exquisite, and the voice is tragic, fully showing the poet's patriotism.
4. Introduction to the poet: Du Fu (712-770), with a beautiful character, called himself Shaoling Ye Lao. He was not ranked as a Jinshi, but he once served as a member of the Ministry of Education and Engineering. In his later life, he was called the Ministry of Industry and Engineering. He was the greatest realist poet in the Tang Dynasty. After the Song Dynasty, he was revered as the "Sage of Poetry" and was called "Li Du" together with Li Bai. His poems boldly exposed the social contradictions of the time, expressed deep sympathy for the poor people, and were profound in content. Many excellent works show the historical process of the Tang Dynasty from prosperity to decline, so they are called "history of poetry". In terms of art, he is good at using various poetry forms, especially verses. He has various styles, but mainly melancholy. His language is refined and he has a high degree of expressive ability.