(A), a strong subjective color and romantic mood
Li Bai is a sober realist. His poems are based on real life and have a strong voice of the times. Most of Li Bai's poems are lyric poems. In these poems, the poet does not express life calmly and carefully, but focuses on expressing his warm inner feelings. He showed his unique originality with strong subjective color and romantic sentiment. For example, when he criticized the political darkness, he angrily rebuked "barbarians are full of nakano and prosperous" ("Antique" 51); When criticizing the Anshi Rebellion, he cried out bitterly: "Bones turn into hills, where is the sin of ordinary people" ("Give Jiang a good slaughter")! Express his strong anger. He is always very confident when expressing his ideals, such as "Since God has given talents, let them find jobs!" (Into the Wine) and "One day I will climb the Changfeng and break the heavy waves" (The First Part of Difficult Travel). When he expressed his feelings of pursuing freedom, he was even more wild: "When will the storm break out?" (Happy New Year to Pingsha) "Once Dapeng rises with the wind, he will go straight to Wan Li" (Upper Li Yong) all shows a bold and unyielding spirit, especially when there is an insoluble contradiction between his progressive ideal and the dark reality, the subjective color of his poems is even stronger. For example, "Uncle Yun of Xuanzhou Xietiaolou": "Those who abandon me can't stay yesterday, and those who disturb my heart are more worried today!" This sudden start expresses the inner depression, which shows the intensity of its mental depression. Then I turned to describe what I saw and felt when I went upstairs. I was so drunk that I flew, and it seemed that all my troubles were swept away. However, the darkness of reality still exists and feelings are not calm. Therefore, later poems fell into greater depression, hoping to seek relief in passive seclusion: "But since the water is still flowing, although we cut it with swords, the sadness is still flowing, although we drown it with wine. Since the world can't satisfy our desire, I will loosen my hair tomorrow and take a fishing boat. " This is how poets express their inner anguish, depression, pursuit and hope. The expression of the above passion and emotion makes Li Bai's poems and songs have a strong subjective color of self-expression, showing distinct and unyielding personality characteristics, which embodies the characteristics of Li Bai's poems, such as "surging waves and unrestrained" (Yuan Zhen language) and winning people's hearts.
(2) Use rich and unique imagination to express feelings.
The romantic feature of Li Bai's poems is also reflected in his ability to use rich and peculiar imagination to describe images and express feelings. Sometimes, he uses fantasy to capture surreal images, create a beautiful ideal world, and express his thoughts and feelings of despising darkness and pursuing light. For example, in "Dream on Mount Tianmu", a sailing tourist will talk about Japan, and the smoke is hard to find; But the more people talk about the mother mountain, the clouds are light or visible. Straight into the sky, its peak into the sky, the potential to pull the five mountains to cover the sincerity. The Paradise Terrace Mountains are 100 miles long, and it is here that they begin to extend to the southeast. My heart and my dream are in Wu Heyue, flying over Jinghu Moon overnight. I went to Yanhe, and the moon lit up my shadow. In Xie Caotang, the clear water is rippling and apes are singing. I wore Xie's earliest spiked shoes and climbed the Qingyun ladder. Halfway through the sunny ocean, the sacred rooster crows in space. The mountains are stacked, and there is no way to go. The fascination with flowers and stones suddenly disappeared. In "Bear, Dragon, Mountain and River in Turbulent Waves", the forest is deep and the top of the mountain is stormy. Clouds are darkened by rain, and streams are pale by fog. God of thunder and lightning, the mountains are crumbling. Cave stone gate, drain in tiankeng. An impenetrable shadow, but now the sun and the moon light up the gold and silver terrace. Wearing rainbow clothes and riding the wind, all the queens of the clouds came and came down one by one. Back in the car, row after row, like a hemp field, lined with fairy figures. Suddenly, my soul trembled, and with the movement of my soul, I suddenly started up and talked for a long time. My pillow and mat are the lost clouds in which I once lived. This is the consistent way of human happiness, and all kinds of things will always flow to the east like water. So I'm leaving you. I don't know how long it will take. But let me raise a white deer on my green hillside and ride to you when I need you, Dashan. Oh, how can I bow and scrape to those people with high status and important positions? They never want to be seen with a sincere face. With the help of dreams, surreal images such as cock crowing, the sky shining high, bears roaring and dragons singing, and neon-lit Madden are depicted, which render the glory and beauty of heaven, contrast the filth and darkness of reality and show lofty ideals. Some poems, with the help of myths and legends, are bold and exaggerated, consistently depicting majestic and magical images of mountains and rivers, and pinning their open minds and heroism. Difficulties in Shu Dao is such a famous poem. At the beginning of this poem, historical legends and ancient times are combined in one furnace, and with exaggerated methods, the heroic tone of "Shu Dao is difficult, but it is difficult to go to the sky" is highlighted, and then the difficulties and obstacles of Shu Dao are highlighted: "The six dragons in the world are of high standards, and the rivers far below whip their tortuous course. At this height, even the yellow crane can't walk. Have pity on those poor monkeys who only have claws. That green mud mountain is made up of many circles. Every 100 steps, we have to make nine turns in the mound, panting. We brush the constellation Orion and pass the well star. Then, we put our arms around our chests and fell to the ground with a groan. We wanted to know if this road to the west would never end, and the terrible road ahead became darker and darker. Nothing can be heard except the cries of birds surrounded by ancient forests. The male bird rotates smoothly and follows the female bird. Jathyapple, what comes to us is the melancholy voice of Du Fu, a sad empty mountain. This kind of travel is more difficult than climbing the blue sky, and even hearing it makes your cheeks pale. " The myth of "Six Dragons Return to the Sun" in the poem. The exaggeration of the yellow crane's difficulty in flying, the imagination of "visiting wells" and the overlapping use of various techniques are integrated into one, rendering the mountains and dangers layer by layer, reflecting the dangers of Shu Road layer by layer. Then, with the desolate atmosphere of mourning and birds singing at night, the landscape map of Shu Road is set off, and the poet's admiration for the magnificent mountains and rivers and some hidden concerns about real politics are entrusted. Yi Yin praised the poem as "strange" and said that it was "rare to return it from the poet" (He Yue Ling's Photo Album). Pi Rixiu, a poet in the late Tang Dynasty, said that Li Bai's poems "express heaven and earth, think about ghosts and gods, read them with ecstasy, and measure four hearts." It is this kind of poem full of ups and downs, not the language of the world "("Liu Zao Qiang Bei ").
(C) Clever use of rhetoric to express passion and emotion
Bold exaggeration, novel metaphor and personification are also common artistic techniques used by Li Bai to express his romantic feelings. Sometimes he uses both exaggeration and metaphor, saying that "white hair is three thousands of feet, and sorrow is like a long beard" (Song of Autumn Pu, the fifteenth time) and "Snowflakes from Yanshan Mountain come to the table" (Popular in the North) are all famous sentences with metaphors in exaggeration. Sometimes he combines rich imagination and peculiar exaggeration to write his own strong emotional surge: "The strong wind blows my heart and hangs Xianyang trees in the west" ("Meet Wei Ba Jinghua in this hometown"), which shows his feelings of missing Chang 'an very magically and vividly. "The south wind blows home and flies to the front of the restaurant" ("Send two childish children to the east foot"), and the feeling of missing their children's flesh and blood is also vividly displayed. "Worried about the bright moon, wandering in the west with the wind" ("I heard that Wang Changling moved to Longbiao kiln to send this"), the heart can be sent, bold and exaggerated; Sending the bright moon is a strange imagination, and the yearning for friends is best expressed in poetry. He is also good at personification, making nature have personality and using it to express his feelings. "The spring breeze knows its bitterness, and it doesn't make a willow blue." (Lao Laoting) Turning the ignorant and heartless spring breeze into sentient beings, he is better at personifying his feelings with the moon, and "Twilight over the blue mountains and moonlight is my way home" is written as sentient beings accompanied by mountains and moons. "When is the moon in the sky? I'm going to stop and ask a question today (Drink Poison to Quench Thirst), and regard Yue Ming as a bosom friend who can answer questions. "Four Moons Alone") I: "Flowers ask for a pot of wine, and I will drink it alone. No one is with me. Raise your hand and invite the bright moon to those who succeed. " Similarly, I use rich imagination and personification to turn the moon shadow into a bosom friend to pin my feelings.
(4) The language is straightforward, straightforward, and directly expresses the mind.
The language of Li Bai's poems and songs is straightforward. The so-called "clear water produces hibiscus, which is naturally carved." Those lyrical poems that express one's heart directly, such as "The road is as wide as the blue sky, but there is no way out before my eyes" (Part II of Difficult Walking), are straightforward, natural and heroic languages. This helps to show his romantic passion. Li Bai's language is fresh and bold, and it is also reflected in informality, no carved clauses, and everything is unified with nature. "Clear water gives birth to hibiscus, so it is natural to carve it ("Wander away the day after tomorrow, think about it, and give Chiang the prefect, so that he can be slaughtered "). These two poems by Li Bai-si can just be used to illustrate people's own language characteristics, such as "There is no song at midnight". The night is a month, and ten thousand washing hammers are beating. The autumn wind blew Yi Dao's voice, and every household remembered the people guarding the border. Oh, when will the Tatar army be conquered and when will my husband come back from the long battle! ? Another example is "Early Delivery from Bai Di City", which was delivered to Bai Di Caiyun and returned to Jiangling in a day. The cries of apes on both sides of the strait are still unconsciously crowing in their ears, and the canoe has passed the heavy green hills. They all expressed their deep affection in extremely simple, natural and bold and powerful language.
Li Bai will never let the meter bind his feelings. When feelings reach their climax, he often breaks through the restrictions of metrical patterns and appears some prose poems. For example, "the breeze and bright moon don't need a dollar to buy, and Yushan is not pushed." "Xiangyang Song" "If it is dangerous, why do people who live at a safe distance come here? ! "(Difficult Road in Shu)" I will break the Yellow Crane Tower for you, and you will break the Parrot State for me. " (Jiang Xia gives Wei Nanling ice), which is very helpful for all these manifestations of his romantic spirit.