The most influential school of poetry in Song Dynasty

Jiangxi Poetry School and Song Poetry School. In the late Northern Song Dynasty, Huang Tingjian had a great influence on poetry. Although his creative achievements are not as good as Su Shi's, his poems more prominently reflect the artistic characteristics of Song poetry. He summed up a complete set of poetic techniques and passed them on to later scholars, so many poets followed and imitated Huang Tingjian. For example, Chen Shidao has the deepest friendship with Su Shi, but Huang Tingjian is a model of his poetry. Then a school of poetry centered on Huang Tingjian was gradually formed. In Hui Zong, Lu Benzhong wrote the Sect Map of Jiangxi Poetry Society, and respected Huang Tingjian as the ancestor of poetry school. Chen Shidao and other 25 people think that these poets are in the same strain as Huang Tingjian. Lu's paintings have long been lost, and the earliest existing records can be found in the first volume of Hu's "Tiaoxi Fishing Hidden from Conghua" in the Southern Song Dynasty. The 25 people listed in Lu Biao are: Pan Dalin, Xie Yi,, Monk Zuke, Xu Fu, Lin Minxiu, Hongyan, Li□, Han Ju, Chao Chongzhi, Jiang Duanben, Yang Fu, Xie□, Xia Ni, Lin Mingong, Pan Daguan and He□. Later, the list recorded in books such as "Cloud Foot Full Chao" was slightly different from this. These poets are not all from Jiangxi, probably because Huang Tingjian, the father of the poetry school, is from Jiangxi, and there are many poets in this school, so it is named Jiangxi Poetry School. Among these 25 people, only 10 people, including, Xie Yi,,, Hong Yan, Han Ju,, Chao Chongzhi, Xie□, etc. Many works have been circulated. Except Chen Shidao, their grades are not very high. In addition, you, Zeng, Chen and others were classified as Jiangxi Poetry School by later generations. Zeng, Zeng Si, Zhao Fan, Han and others are also among the poets. Most of the members of the poetry school are Du Fu. At the end of the Song Dynasty, Fang Hui, Du Fu, Huang Tingjian, Chen were also called "one ancestor and three schools" of Jiangxi poetry school. Because Jiangxi Poetry School did not put forward any special ideas on the ideological content of poetry, their works have their own characteristics on the ideological content. The works of Huang Tingjian, Chen Shidao and others mainly describe personal life experiences and express the author's thoughts and feelings, with narrow content. Zeng□, Chen and others who experienced the "Jingkang Revolution" wrote patriotic poems reflecting the national struggle at that time. The main reason for the formation of Jiangxi Poetry School is that these poets have similar views on the art of poetry. The relationship between the members of the poetry school is to teach and learn the art of poetry. The most famous ideas in Huang Tingjian's poetry theory are "taking the fetus as the bone" and "turning iron into gold". That is to say, in poetry creation, it is a method to inherit the predecessors' words or meanings with the purpose of "bringing forth the old and bringing forth the new". Huang Tingjian used this method effectively in his creative practice and made some achievements. But this method ignores the only source of literary creation, that is, social life, so it also has great disadvantages. Later, some poets who lacked innovative spirit took this as a criterion, and unilaterally pursued "no words and no evidence" instead of "seeking novelty", so they picked up wisdom, quoted stories and dried up images, forming the last stream of Jiangxi poetry school. This is the main reason why Jiangxi Poetry School has been ridiculed for a long time. However, "replacing bones with fetuses" and "turning iron into gold" are only one aspect of Huang Tingjian's poetry theory, which has not had a great influence on outstanding poets in Jiangxi poetry school. There is another side to Huang Tingjian's poetry theory, that is, on the basis of hard work and mastering artistic skills, the poet is required to be "unique" and get rid of the shackles of skills in order to reach the highest artistic realm of "no axe and chisel marks". Several important poets of Jiangxi Poetry School are deeply influenced by this. Chen Shidao takes "learning Tao to become immortal" as a metaphor, Han Ju takes "meditation" as a metaphor, and Lv Benzhong emphasizes "living method" in his poems, all of which contain the meanings of "learning and then realizing" and "seeking novelty". Because of this, although the members of Jiangxi Poetry School are closely related, their artistic style is not static. Huang Tingjian's poems are fresh, thin and tough, and other poets also have their own characteristics: some poems are simple, others are lively, Zeng's poems tend to be lively, and Chen's poems tend to be vigorous, without the shortcomings of "one thousand people's side". Fu, Han Ju and others are relatively thin, but they are quite independent. Therefore, Jiangxi Poetry School is an important link in the development of China classical poetry. His works are an important part of the Song Dynasty, and his artistic style is an important factor in the unique style of the Song Dynasty. His poetic theory also occupies a certain position in the history of China's literary criticism. In the late Northern Song Dynasty, the influence of Jiangxi Poetry School was very significant. Liu, Wang Zao, Zhang and others were not poets at that time, but they were also deeply influenced by Huang Tingjian. In the Southern Song Dynasty, the influence of Jiangxi Poetry School spread throughout the poetry circle. Famous poets such as Yang Wanli, Lu You and Jiang Kui were all influenced by Jiangxi Poetry School in art. The influence of Jiangxi Poetry School was heard after the Song Dynasty, and the other waves extended to modern Tongguang poets. Two schools, bold and graceful, are represented by Su Shi and Liu Yong respectively. Guo Maoqian compiled Yuefu poems, bold and unconstrained: Su Shi, Xin Qiji, graceful and restrained; Liu Yongli, elegant and graceful.