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How the Steel Was Tempered
Author: admin0 Release date: 20 10-4-6 9:02:55
The author's life
Nikolai Alexeevich Ostrovsky (1904- 1936) is a famous proletarian revolutionary writer in the Soviet Union.
He was born in a worker's family in the village of Vilia, Ri County, Ostro Prefecture, on the western border of Ukraine. His father is a seasonal worker in a brewery, his mother is a cook in a big house, his two sisters work in a landlord's manor, and his brother is an apprentice in a locksmith's workshop. He studied in a missionary primary school for three years, and had to drop out of school to become a shepherd boy when he was below 10. At the beginning of World War I, he moved with his family to Shchepetov, a small town in the Ukrainian mainland, where he worked as a handyman in the station canteen, an assistant to boiler workers, and an electrician. Hard work often exhausted him, and he was insulted and scolded by others from time to time. Therefore, ostrovsky has suffered all the sufferings of the lower class since he was a child.
The life of poverty and humiliation aroused his anger at social injustice and cultivated his character of resisting the old world. In his spare time, his favorite thing is reading. He has read the works of many classical writers, such as Pushkin, Nikolai Nikolai Gogol and Necrasov, and the Ukrainian poet Shevchenko. His favorite characters are: bull snake, a fighter who fought for the freedom of the Italian people, and Spartacus, a Roman slave who rose up. The habit of reading has been with him all his life.
Content essence
Paul grew up in bitter water, lost his father in his early years, his mother washed and cooked for others, and his brother was a worker. When Paul 12 years old, his mother sent him to the station canteen to do odd jobs. He worked in the canteen for two years and was humiliated.
After the outbreak of the October Revolution, Paul's hometown, Shebetovka, Ukraine, was trampled by foreign armed meddlers and domestic reactionaries, just like other places in the Soviet Union. The Red Army liberated the town of Shebetovka, but soon retreated, leaving only the old Bolshevik Zhuhler to do underground work in the town. Zhu stayed in Paul's house for a few days and told Paul a lot about the revolution, the working class and class struggle: "Now the whole world is on fire, and slaves are getting up. They want to overthrow the old world, but for this, they need a group of brave brothers who can fight resolutely." Zhu's inspiration and education played a decisive role in Paul's ideological growth.
Suddenly, Zhu was caught by bandits. Paul was anxious to ask around. One day, when bandits were escorting Zhu, Paul suddenly swooped down, drove the bandits into the trench and fled with Zhu. However, due to the snitch of Victor, the son of Polish aristocrat Lizensky, Paul was thrown into prison. After coming out of prison, Paul ran like hell. Afraid of falling into the clutches again, he didn't dare to go home, so he unconsciously came to the garden gate of Tonya. He jumped into the garden. Tonia likes Paul's "warm and stubborn" personality, and Paul also thinks that tonia is "different from other rich girls". Later, they met several times and gradually fell in love. In order to take refuge, Paul agreed to Tonya's request and stayed. A few days later, Tonya found Paul's brother Arqing, and he sent his brother to Khartoum to join the Red Army.
In a fierce battle, Paul was seriously injured in the head. But he overcame death with amazing perseverance. After leaving the hospital, he was no longer fit to return to the front line and took part in the work of restoring and building the country. Here, as the owner of the working class, he is also nervously involved in all kinds of hard work. He works in the league, eliminates counter-revolutionaries and directly takes part in hard manual labor. In the construction of narrow gauge railway, Paul showed a high degree of political enthusiasm and selfless labor spirit.
Paul has only seen her twice since he said goodbye to her at tonia's house. The first time was after he was discharged from the hospital, and the last time was on the railway site. Paul found that with the deepening of the revolution, the ideological gap between the two became wider and wider, and there was no * * * language at all, so he parted ways.
At the end of the road construction project, Paul got typhoid fever. He returned to work after his illness. He took part in industrial construction and frontier struggle, and joined the party. However, because Paul was seriously injured and wounded many times in the war, he became seriously ill several times later, and because of his selfless work and labor, he didn't take good care of his body at ordinary times, and his physique became worse and worse. 1927, he was almost completely paralyzed, and then he went blind. Serious illness finally bound this young man full of revolutionary enthusiasm to his sickbed. However, under the condition that Paul endured unimaginable physical and mental pain, he found the strength to "return to the team" again. He set himself two tasks: on the one hand, he was determined to help his wife Daya make progress; On the other hand, I decided to start literary creation. In this way, "Paul took up new weapons and started a new life."
Classic fragment
Autumn rain hits the human face. Piles of dark gray rain clouds are moving slowly at low altitude. Autumn is deep, the endless trees in the forest are bare, and the old elm stands gloomily, letting brown moss cover the wrinkles on the bark. Ruthless autumn stripped them of their beautiful clothes, so they had to stand there naked and thin.
This station is alone in the Woods. It has a stone platform for loading and unloading goods. A new subgrade leads to the forest from here. People are busy around the newly-built roadbed like ants.
Sticky mud is really annoying. It keeps banging under the boots. People are digging around the roadbed crazily, iron blocks are banging, and shovels hit the stones, making a clicking sound.
It rained like a sieve, and the cold rain soaked the clothes. The rain washed away the fruits of people's labor, and the soil dripped down from the roadbed like thick porridge.
The clothes are soaked, heavy and cold. However, they work late every day before they call it a day.
The newly built long and narrow roadbed is getting longer and longer every day, and it extends into the forest.
Not far from the station, stands the skeleton of a stone house. Everything that can be moved and dismantled inside was taken away by bandits, and the iron gate of the stove became a big black hole, and the doors and windows became big holes with their mouths open. You can see the rafters through the hole in the broken roof.
The only thing left is the concrete floor in four houses. Every night, those 400 people lie on the ground and sleep in clothes soaked with rain and covered with mud. Everyone is twisting clothes at the door, and mud is running down from them. Everyone cursed the bad weather and mud. They huddled tightly on the concrete floor covered with a thin layer of wheat straw, trying to warm each other with their own body temperatures. This dress is steaming, but it has never been dried. Water seeped out of the bag covering the window and flowed to the ground. Raindrops beat the residual iron sheet on the roof like drums, and cold air kept blowing in outside the door.
The kitchen is in a ramshackle hut. In the morning, everyone had tea here and went to make the roadbed. Lunch is vegetarian lentil soup and a pound and a half of bread black as coal every day. It happens every day. It's really monotonous.
The engineering team endured hunger, cold and pain with incomparable tenacity. The roadbed extends to the depths of the forest day by day.
Appreciate-this is a scene of building a forest railway. The harsh environment and conditions and the hardships of work can be seen here. What we should pay special attention to here is that the author's writing style is quite unique, that is, he uses a lot of words to describe the working environment and conditions, while the description of the working process is as precious as pen and ink. This imbalance contains the author's artistic ingenuity.