Grandfather Joan, the satrap for Wei Jun. Solar eclipse in the first month of the first year of Jianhe.
The capital didn't see it, but Joan smelled it. The queen mother asked her how much she had eaten.
Joan thinks she is right. I don't know what's going on. Seven-year-old Wan said, "Why don't you say that the eclipse is like the beginning of the month?" Joan was frightened, that is to say, she loved it with her words.
Note ①: Year number of Emperor Huan of Han Dynasty. The first year of Jianhe 147.
② Missing the capital: There is no solar eclipse in the capital. Cultural knowledge "Empress Dowager" and so on.
Since the Qin Dynasty, the son of heaven has been called "the emperor" and the wife of the emperor has been called "the queen". "Empress Dowager" (or Empress Dowager) refers to the emperor's mother (the mother of Zhou Dynasty governors is also called "Empress Dowager"), and the emperor's father is called "Tai shang huang".
The emperor's grandmother is called "Empress Dowager" and the emperor's grandfather is called "Empress Dowager". "Tai" means supreme, so the emperor's doctor is called "Tai Yi", the emperor's teacher is called "Tai Shi" and the emperor's ancestral temple is called "Tai Miao".
Thinking and practice 1, explanation: ① imperial edict ② strange 2, translation: ① Joan thinks she is right and doesn't know what's going on; (2) respond to your words; (3) Choice: "Joan listens to her words" has the following understanding, which one is incorrect? (1) Huang Qiong therefore heard about this situation; (2) Huang Qiong reported this situation to the emperor; (3) Huang Qiong let the emperor hear this situation. 4. Understanding: What did Huang Wan say after the eclipse? 2. Zhuang Yougong, a prodigy, is known as a prodigy in Zhuang Yougong, central Guangdong.
My home is adjacent to the Guangdong General's Office, and we fly kites for fun. I'll stay in the general's office and ask directly. The soldiers took their extraordinary gods and said, "Where is that boy?" Zhuang is right.
The general said, "Have you ever studied? Right? " Zhuang said, "Yes, it's a piece of cake, why not!" The general said, "How many words can you correct?" Zhuang said, "One word can be written, and a hundred words can be written." The general praised his greatness and ordered him to say, "The ancient paintings are the same, the dragons don't sing, the tigers don't scream, the flowers don't smell, and the birds don't sing. This boy is ridiculous."
Zhuang said, "Just play a game of chess here." Answer the cloud: "Half a game of chess, no wheels in the car, no saddles in the horse, no fireworks in the cannon, and no food for the pawn. Be alert when shouting. "
Note ① Central Guangdong: Panyu City, Guangdong Province today. ② Zhuang Yougong: a native of the Qing Dynasty, official to the minister of punishments.
3 God: God and temperament. (4) Have you ever been right? Have you ever learned to pair? ⑤ Hall business: refers to the lobby.
⑥ Fireman: a cook in the army. Cultural knowledge chess.
Go and chess are two major chess activities in China. Most experts believe that there is chess after Go.
The word "chess" first appeared in "Chu Ci Evocation". From the Qin and Han Dynasties to the early Tang Dynasty, there were only four arms of chess: general, chariot, horse and pawn. In the Tang Dynasty, "cannon" was added, and in the Northern Song Dynasty, "parallel" and "Zen" were added, which were equivalent to "scholar" and "elephant".
It was not until the end of the Northern Song Dynasty and the beginning of the Southern Song Dynasty that China's chess was really finalized: a set of 32 pieces, divided into generals, soldiers, elephants, soldiers, cars, horses and cannons. Thinking and practice 1, explanation: ① the department is suitable for 3 games, boasting 4 to 5, 2, translation: ① the service is neglected because of its youth; (2) awkward words; 3 Zhuang is right; 4 why is it difficult! 3. Cao Zhi Conghui Cao Zhi is in his teens. He reads "Poetry" and "On" with hundreds of thousands of words and is good at writing.
Taizu tasted the article and said, "What about inviting people to do evil?" Plant knelt down and said, "Say what you want, write what you want, and take care of the interview. Why invite people? " When his pen was made, it left a deep impression on people.
Hair is quite different. Note ① Poetics: refer to The Book of Songs and The Analects of Confucius.
② Fu: an ancient style. ③ Taizu: refers to Cao Cao.
4 theory: discussion. ⑤ Ye: Ancient place name, in present-day Henan Province.
⑥ Copper Quetai: A pavilion built by Cao Cao in Yecheng. Cao Zhi, a writer of cultural common sense.
Cao Zhi is the son of Cao Cao. He was enlightened at an early age. As can be seen from the above, when he was a teenager, he had read quite a lot of books and written well.
Because of his talent, he was favored by Cao Cao in his early years and once wanted to be a prince, which caused his younger brother Cao Pi's jealousy. After Cao Pi proclaimed himself emperor, Cao Zhi became more suspicious and died of depression.
Most of his poems are five words. Several wounds in the early stage reflected social unrest and his own ambition, while in the later stage he expressed his depressed mood. There is a "Cao Zijian Collection" today.
Thinking and practice 1, explanation: ① Gu, ② ③ Hui, ④ Zhu, ⑤ Zhu, ② Zhu, and ② Translation: Good writing; 2 why do you want to invite people; Mao is very different. Understand: What does "considerable" mean? 4. Write "Seven-step Poems" from memory. 4, buns are difficult to visit Qi Tianzu in court, and there are thousands of diners.
There are people who offer fish and geese, and Tian regards it, so he says, "Heaven is rich in the people! Cultivate grains and give birth to fish and birds. " All the guests are in harmony.
One of Bao's twelve-year-old sons is also sitting there. He said, "Not as good as your words. Everything in the world is born with me, and so is class.
There is no nobility, only Xiao Zhi, who eats each other and is not born for each other. People eat what they can eat. Is heaven for life? Moreover, gnats have skins, tigers and wolves eat meat, and it is not natural for gnats and tigers and wolves to eat raw meat! Note ① Tian's family: Tian's family in Qi State (noble).
2 Ancestors: The ancients traveled far away to hold banquets to worship the road gods known as "ancestors". 3 complex: Yu.
4 Bai Sheng: Not for each other's survival. (5) gnats: a blood-sucking insect.
6 ho: bite. Cultural common sense diners.
During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, people who relied on their skills to take refuge in the nobility were called "diners". In order to attract talents and show their strength, powerful families have diners ranging from 3 thousand to hundreds.
Some diners are good at making suggestions, some are good at diplomatic rhetoric, and people who are good at stealing chickens and dogs can sometimes become diners. Diners are graded according to their abilities.
Thinking and practice 1, interpretation: ① and ② and ③ and ④ the second category, translation: ① the sky is thicker than the people; 2 Not as good as your words; ③ It's just a matter of cleverness; ③ The "difficult" in the topic "Steamed buns are hard to be a guest" is interpreted as. 5. Cao Shaokui caught a "strange" monk in Luoyang who had a room that kept ringing day and night.
Monks feel strange, and fear becomes sick. Ask the warlock to forbid it in every way, and there can be no one.
Shao Kui was very kind to the monks. When they came to ask questions, the monks told them, and, um, they rang the fasting bell. When it was over, they were silent. Shao Kui said with a smile, "We can have a banquet tomorrow, so we should get rid of it."
The monk didn't believe Shao Kui's words, but expected to have an effect, so he waited. After eating, I filed it out of my arms, filed it in several places, and it rang.
When the monk asked him why, Shao Kuiyun said, "This harmony and the clock beat and hit each other." The monk was very happy. He recovered from his illness.
Note ① Qing: a percussion instrument. Monks use it for Buddhism.
Warlock: Right.
2. Yan Baishi studied hard to become the answer to classical Chinese reading.
1, (1) So (2) Look.
2, the study (education) that I received when I was young, I have to read the book many times to be generally fluent.
3. Ten years of "silent memory".
4. Overcome difficulties and make unremitting efforts, and you will succeed.
translate
Mr. Yan Baishi is a master of Confucian classics in junior high school and has an extraordinary memory. However, his talent is very dull. When he was a child, he read and recited hundreds of times before he realized that he was prone to illness. His mother wouldn't let him study, so he secretly remembered not to speak. So after ten years, one day, I suddenly felt suddenly enlightened. I don't doubt the books I have read before. This is because of the hard accumulation of energy. People in the world shrink from their stupidity. Or people who neglect their studies under the pretext of illness, compared with Mr. Baishi, should understand that this is very shameful.
3. Read classical Chinese1.b2.d3. Omit 4. Win the trust of the people. 5. Example: Show Lu Zhuanggong's "contempt" from four aspects: opening up the road and becoming a scholar; Do your duty and win the trust of the people; There is no doubt about knowing people and making good use of them; Ask for advice with an open mind and don't be ashamed to ask.
1. Analysis: First of all, we should have a general understanding of the content of the article, find out the meaning of the sentence, and judge the meaning according to the meaning of the sentence and the mastery of common words in classical Chinese. Pay attention to the changes of meaning and usage, and judge the meaning according to the context.
B Wrong, "contempt" means "short-sighted". Test center: understand the meaning of common content words in classical Chinese in the text.
The ability level is to understand B.2. Analysis: read the article and find out the meaning of the word "zhi" in the example sentence according to the context to judge the answer.
Negative selection and exclusion can be used. The word "Zhi" in AB is the pronoun "He", and the word "Zhi" in B is the verb "Qu, Dao". The answer is D. Test center: Understand the meaning of function words commonly used in classical Chinese.
The ability level is to understand B.3. Analysis: dredge the full text, get a general understanding of the meaning of the sentence in the context of the full text, explain the key words such as "prison", "although", "inspection" and "emotion", and finally dredge the sentence.
If you have done translation exercises, you should strengthen your memory and write translated sentences directly. Test center: understand or translate sentences in the text.
The ability level is to understand B.4. Analysis: This article is a famous one. This problem is the key problem explained by the learning teacher. Just answer directly according to what you have learned.
Test center: understand the main points of classical Chinese. The ability level is understanding B.
5. Analysis: According to the behavior of Lu Zhuanggong in the article, it can be summarized from the aspects of being good at listening to other people's opinions and asking for advice modestly. Test center: understand the main points of classical Chinese.
The ability level is understanding B.
How to express "ten years" in classical Chinese can be said to be the "ten years" in classical Chinese.
In the past ten years, the word "zai" means: year, and the pinyin is: z m 4 i.
Ten years has two meanings, as follows:
1 means ten years.
2, not a specific decade, but a long time, a long time. For example, a cold window for ten years means studying hard for a long time.
Extended data:
Represents the year, and the ancient texts quoted are as follows:
1, I have been in office for seventy years. -"Book Yao Dian"
I have been emperor for 70 years.
2. Han Xing has known Xiao Wen for more than forty years. -"Historical Records and Biography of Emperor Wendi"
Translation of vernacular Chinese: The Han Dynasty flourished until Xiao Wen Yi for more than forty years.
3, willing to sell for 20 years, the wind and rain are not victorious. -Ming "Jin rank ministry of war right assistant minister couple letters patent".
Vernacular translation: the halberd has been sinking for twenty years, and its ups and downs have never stopped.
The characteristics of classical Chinese are: separation of speech and writing, concise writing.
Function words commonly used in classical Chinese:
1, and: table juxtaposition, progression, undertaking, turning point, hypothesis, modification, causality. And: equivalent to "ah"
2. He: What; How about it; Where; How; Why; How; Ah; Pass "ha" and ask questions. If: like, like
3, almost: doubt; Equivalent to "it"; Express sigh; It means imperative or command, which is equivalent to "ah" and "ah" What: And ...
4. Yes: you, yours; His; This, this; So, so.
5. Its: he (his), she (his), it (his); Among them; Don't; What?
Common function words are: Ye, Ze, Yi, Zhe, Cause, Zhi, Wei, Yu, Yan, He, Mo and so on.
References:
Sogou Encyclopedia-Load
Sogou encyclopedia-classical Chinese
5. Read classical Chinese Read the following classical Chinese and complete the following questions (1)B The court gave him a gold thread, but Su Shi declined. Remarks: Rejected. (2)B A 1 I 2； B use and take; C 1 thinks that ② I, D 1 table accepts ② but. (3)C's mistake of "asking for an official position for himself", Su Shi didn't ask Han Qi for an official position. The original text is "try two theories, return to the third class, and get straight to the history museum." Shi said, "the public can be said to love others with virtue." 4 "compare the crown" to twenty. "Broadcom", proficient; "Genus", write; "Good", I like it. Translation: At the age of twenty, I am proficient in classics and history, writing thousands of words every day, and I like Jia Yi and Lu Zhi's books. "Shake" shakes people's hearts; Preposition object and. The translation is: enrich the people, the people are not living well, who will keep me? If all the rich people leave this city, they will shake people's hearts. Then who will I defend this city with? Answer: (1) B (2) B (3) C (4) When I was twenty years old, I was proficient in classics and history. I write thousands of words every day. I like Jia Yi and Lu Zhi's books. If all the rich people leave the city, they will shake people's hearts. Then who will I defend this city with? Su Shi was born in Meishan, Meizhou. At the age of ten, his father Su Xun went to four places to study, and his mother Cheng personally taught him to read. When he hears about the success or failure of ancient and modern times, he often focuses on the key points. Cheng was very excited when he read the biography of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Su Shi asked, "If I become Fan Pang, will my mother agree?" Cheng said, "you can be. Can't I be Fan Pang's mother? " By the age of 20, he was proficient in classics and history, wrote thousands of words every day, and liked Jia Yi and Lu Zhi's books. Shortly after reading Zhuangzi, he sighed: "I used to have opinions that I couldn't say, but now I see this book, and I am in my heart." In the second year of Zhiping, he entered the imperial court and was sentenced to Wen Gu Academy. When he was a captaincy, Yingzong heard about his reputation and wanted to call him into the Hanlin as an old example of the Tang Dynasty. In the future, naturally, he should bear the great responsibility in the world. The key is that the court should cultivate him and make all the scholars in the world respect him. I want the court to use him and then ask him to reuse it. Then all the people have no objection. If he is suddenly reused now, the scholars in the world may not think it is right, but it is just enough to make him suffer. Yingzong said, "How about writing him a suicide note?" ? Han Qi said: "Juzhu is similar to the patent in Zhi Zhi, so it can't be granted immediately. It's better to award it to him in the upper part of the pavilion and invite him to take the exam. Yingzong said, "I wonder if he can be admitted to the teacher?" ? "Han Qi still didn't agree. Tried two compositions, was ranked third, and got the position of straight history museum. Su Shi listened to Han Qi and said, "The Han Palace can be said to be convinced by virtue. "When Su Xun died, the court gave him gold silk, and Su Shi declined and asked for an official position, so he gave Su Shi Guanglucheng (to Xuzhou for his post), and a flood burst its banks and flooded Cao Cun. As long as I am here, the water will never rush into the city, and the rich will be driven back to the city. When Su Shi arrived at Wuwei camp, he said to the governor, "The river is coming into the city, and it is urgent. Even the Royal Guards should do their best for me. " The commander said, "If you are too defensive to escape, we villains will certainly obey you." So he led the people out of the city with cups and bells and walked from the southeast. But the city did not sink. Su Shi lives on it and doesn't go in when he passes by the door. He asked officials to guard all the places, and all the soldiers went out of the city. He made a wooden embankment to prevent the flood from coming again, and the court appreciated him very much.
6. I am eager to see the answer at the end of the term. At 14 o'clock in the last year, I learned it from a teacher, which is not far from the obstacle. Every sentence is saying, "How can people succeed if they don't study?" Or weave hair under the tree for temples, cut thorns for pens, and carve tree juice for ink. At night, I read by reflecting the stars and the moon. In the dark, I take pictures of myself and mugwort. Reading a book has content, you can remember it by asking about its clothes. Disciples like him to study hard and prefer him to wear quiet clothes. Ignore the words of non-saints. The last commandment says: "My wife is eager to learn, although she is dead;" If you don't learn, although it exists, it is also a walking corpse! "
Explanation of words;
1. Ren Mo: Uncle Ben, a numerous person in the Eastern Han Dynasty (now Xindu County, Chengdu), learned little about strange stones, learned a lot, traveled to the capital and taught for ten years. 2.(jí): book box. 3. Or: Sometimes. 4. Ann: Thatched cottage. 5. Jing: refers to the branch of Jing. 6. Artemisia annua (hāo): A plant that can glow when lit. 7. Yue: Admire. 8. Yi: Exchange. 9. be careful: be careful. This is what he said to his disciples before he died. 10. Negative: bear. 1 1. Title: Write it down. 12. Final: Death, Farewell. 13. Still. 14.g: squeeze, squeeze. 15. Static clothing: "static", interchangeable words, and "net". Clean clothes. 16. Fu (fú): the first word of the sentence.
Translation;
He was fourteen at the end of his term. He has no regular teacher. He went to the teacher with a book on his back, not afraid of danger or obstacles. People often say, "How can people succeed if they don't study?" Sometimes, we lean against trees, weave thatch into thatched huts, cut thorns into pens and carve sap into ink. Reading under the stars and the moon at night, when there is no moon at night, he lights things like hemp stalks and wormwood to get light. When he understands reading, he writes it on his clothes. Students admire his diligence and often exchange his washed clothes for his clothes full of words. Don't look unless you are a saint. On his deathbed, he warned: "people like to learn, even if they die, they seem to be alive;" People who don't study, even if they are alive, are mediocre and incompetent. "
Revelation;
Today, our study conditions are better than those of the ancients. We should learn from Ren Mo's spirit of studying hard and his spirit of studying hard, working hard and being positive.
7. Read the answers frequently at the end of the term. I will be fourteen years old at the end of the semester. As a teacher, I am not afraid of obstacles.
Every word: how can people succeed if they don't study? Or (3) under the tree, braid hair into sideburns (4), cut thorns into pens (5), and carve tree juice into ink. In the evening, I read by reflecting the stars and the moon, and when it gets dark, I tie Artemisia.
Reading a book has content, you can remember it by asking about its clothes. Disciples like their diligence and often change clothes.
The last commandment says: "My wife is eager to learn, although she is dead;" If you don't learn, although it exists, it is also a walking corpse. " At the end of his term of office, he was 14 years old. He followed the teacher with a book on his back, not afraid of difficulties and obstacles.
He often said: how can people succeed without reading? He is poor and homeless. Sometimes he leans under a tree and weaves a hut with thatch. Cut the thorns into pens and use tree juice as ink.
At night, I read by the light of the stars and the moon. When it gets dark, I tie Artemisia to light a lamp. On weekdays, whenever I finish reading a book and understand the meaning, I write down my thoughts on my clothes. Others admire his efforts and often exchange clean clothes with him.
When he died, he warned his descendants: "A person loves learning, even if he dies, he is still alive; If you don't study, even if you are alive, you can only be considered a walking corpse. " 1 Ren Min: name.
②: Book box. ③ Or: Sometimes.
4 Temple: Caotang. ⑤ Jing: shrub name.
⑥ Artemisia: the name of the plant, which can be lit. ⑦ Yue: Admire.
8 Yi: Exchange. Although: even though, ears: just.
24. One word added in the following sentence is () (3 points) A. Or under the tree (sometimes) B. Take pictures of wormwood when it gets dark (tied) C. If you are negative, learn from your teacher (recite) D. Madam is eager to learn, although she is still alive (though) 25. Write the meaning of the following sentence in modern Chinese. (4 points) (l) How can people succeed if they don't study? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _)
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 (2 points) A: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
3 1. Diligence is the key to study.
8. The answer to reading classical Chinese is eager to learn and remember.
At the end of his term of office, at the age of 14, he studied under an ordinary teacher, which was not far from danger. How can you succeed if you don't learn and speak without skill? Or weave hair under the tree as temples, cut thorns as pens, and carve tree juice as ink; At night, the stars are reflected, and the bright moon is far away, but in the dark, Artemisia is bound to shine by itself. People who like reading will be asked about their clothes to remember them. Disciples like him to study hard, and even more like him to lead an honest and clean life. Ignore the words of non-saints. The last commandment says, "A wife is eager to learn, but she still lives after death." Although there are no scholars, they are said to be walking dead! "
1. Explain the words added in the following sentences.
(1) or under a tree: or
(2) easier to clean clothes: easy.
2. Translate the following sentences.
How can you succeed if you don't learn and speak without skill?
3. At the end of the term, the inspiration of "ignoring unholy words" is: (answer in your own words)
Reference answer:
1, (1) Sometimes (2) exchange, change
2. (He) often says, if you don't study, why can you succeed?
3, reading should have a choice, choose a good book of celebrities.