Qiantang Lake traveled to the west of Jiating in the north of Gushan Temple in spring, and the water level was low at the beginning.
Several early orioles raced to the sunny tree, and their new swallows were carrying mud in their nests.
Colorful spring flowers will gradually fascinate people's eyes, and shallow spring grass can barely cover the horseshoe.
I love the beauty on the east bank of the West Lake, and I can't get enough of it, especially the white sand embankment under the green poplar.
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From the north of Gushan Temple to Jiating West, the spring water on the lake is just level with the dike, and the white clouds hang low, which is connected with the waves on the lake.
Several early orioles scrambled to fly to the sunny tree, and the new swallow was building a nest with mud in its mouth.
Countless colorful spring flowers gradually fascinated people's eyes, and the shallow spring grass just covered the horseshoe.
I like the beautiful scenery in the east of the West Lake best, but I can't get enough of it, especially the white sand embankment under the green shade.
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When Bai Juyi was in Hangzhou, there were many poems describing lakes and mountains. This poem captures the characteristics of the local environment and seasons, and depicts the West Lake, which has just put on a spring coat, as full of business and just right.
The first poem sticks to the theme and always writes about the lake. The previous sentence points out the location of Qiantang Lake and the surrounding "uneven towers". The use of two place names shows a sense of movement, which shows that Bai Juyi is walking and watching. On the front of the latter sentence, the lake is as bright as water: at the beginning of spring, the water surface is flush with the embankment, and the white clouds in the air are connected with the rippling waves on the lake, which is a typical water state of Jiangnan Spring Lake. Zhuan Xu wrote about birds seen from looking up. Yingying is singing and swallows are dancing, showing the vitality of spring. Both the oriole and the swallow are messengers of spring, and the oriole sends the good news of spring back to the earth with its euphemistic and smooth voice. Swallows wear flowers and paste water, build nests with mud, and encourage people to start working in spring. The word "several places" summarizes Ying Ge's call to the other and Bai Juyi's modality of looking for voices everywhere. The question of "whose family is it" shows Bai Juyi's delicate psychological activities and makes readers have rich associations. Writing with a neckband overlooks the flowers and plants you see. Because it's early spring, and it's not the season for flowers to bloom, what we see is not colorful flowers, but a cluster of flowers in the east and a cluster in the west, which is described by the word "chaos". Spring grass does not grow luxuriantly, only it is not as long as horseshoe, so it is described by a word "shallow". Among them, "gradual desire" and "talent" are Bai Juyi's feelings and judgments of observation and appreciation, which makes the objective natural scenery turn into the scenery in Bai Juyi's eyes with subjective feelings and infect readers. These two couplets describe the scenery of the West Lake in detail, and express Yingying Yan's new arrival with "early", "new", "struggle" and "pecking". Use "chaos", "shallowness", "gradual desire" and "talent" to describe the thriving trend of flowers and plants, which accurately and vividly reveals Bai Juyi's early spring weather while walking, giving people a fresh feeling. The former generation Bai Juyi Xie Lingyun's phrase "Spring grass grows in the pool, and garden willows turn into songbirds" ("Pond Upstairs") is wonderful in ancient and modern times, precisely because he wrote the joy of seeing the seasons change. The above two couplets of Qiantang Spring Tour are quite similar in artistic conception, but the white poems are more widely spread. Tail couplet briefly describes Bai Juyi's favorite Hudong sandbar. Qiantang Lake, which runs through Bai Causeway, is located in the east of the lake and can win the whole lake. I saw that under the shade of Populus cathayana, the flat and slender white sand embankment was lying in the blue waves, and the people riding on the embankment were knitting and enjoying the beauty of spring. Bai Juyi is in the middle, enjoying the lakes and mountains. "Lack of travel" shows that the natural scenery is beautiful, and Bai Juyi is still in full swing.
In the history of China, many famous people studied history or learned about the country in this paradise. But the most famous are Bai Juyi and Su Dongpo, two great writers in the Tang and Song Dynasties. They not only left their achievements in Hangzhou, but also circulated many poems describing the beauty of Hangzhou and its West Lake, so some people called them "romantic satrap". Bai Juyi's Seven Rhythms "Spring Tour in Qiantang River" is a well-known song. This poem not only depicts the beautiful spring scenery of the West Lake and the vitality of everything in the world under the bathing of spring scenery, but also tells Bai Juyi's own state of mind intoxicated by this beautiful scenery. "Gushan Temple is north of Jiating West, and the water level is low." The first sentence of the poem is the place, and the second sentence is the vision. The lonely mountain is located between the back lake and the outer lake of the West Lake, with overlapping peaks and emerald green hills, and there is a lonely mountain temple on it, which is beautiful to climb and see. According to Tang Yulin's six-year record, Jiagong Pavilion was built in Zhenyuan, and it has not been abandoned after 50 or 60 years. When Bai Juyi wrote this poem, his pavilion was still there and it was also a scenic spot in the West Lake. Bai Juyi first came to the north of Gushan Temple and the west bank of Jiagongting. Looking around, I saw the winter water rippling, the cloud curtain hanging low, and the lakes and mountains were panoramic. Chuping expresses Bai Juyi's unique feelings about the West Lake in winter. Due to the continuous spring rain, today's lake looks much higher than in winter, and seems to be at the same level as the line of sight. This feeling that the water surface is flush with the line of sight is only possible for people facing the vast water surface, and it is also a feeling that can be written by people who have a deep understanding and love for the West Lake. At this moment, the calm water under his feet and the drooping clouds in the sky constitute a quiet ink painting of the West Lake. While Bai Juyi was silently staring at the charm of the West Lake as a virgin, the ringing sound of birds in his ear broke his meditation, so he withdrew his eyes from the intersection of water and clouds and found himself in a beautiful world full of spring. "A few early warblers compete for warm trees, and young swallows peck at spring mud. Flowers are more and more attractive, and shallow grass can be without horseshoes. " These four sentences are the core of Bai Juyi's poem, which is also the most striking sentence, and also the finishing touch of Bai's poems describing spring scenery, especially the spring scenery of the West Lake. A few places, that is, a few places, or even many places. Using "early" to describe orioles shows Bai Juyi's sincere love for these little life full of vitality: orioles in the trees are busy grabbing the "warm tree" that first sees the sun in the morning, for fear that they will not catch up soon. The word "struggle" makes people feel that spring is rare and precious. I don't know whose swallow is under the eaves. At this time, it is also busy making a nest with mud, and uses a word "peck" to describe the busy and excited expression of the swallow, which seems to bring life to the swallow. These two sentences deliberately describe the dynamics of Yingying Yanyan, thus making the whole poem full of vitality and vitality in spring. Huang oriole is recognized as a spring singer. Listening to their euphemistic voices makes people feel the charm of spring. Swallows are migratory birds. They returned to their hometown with spring, busy rebuilding their homes and welcoming a new life. Watching them fly around building nests makes people feel the beauty of life even more. After anthropomorphic description of the birds in the sky, Bai Juyi turned his eyes to the vegetation under his feet. "Flowers are more and more attractive, and shallow grass can be without horseshoes." This is also an emotional and energetic description of the scenery, which fully shows Bai Juyi's careful observation of the object of description and accurate grasp of its characteristics. As far as flowers are concerned, they are chaotic and even confuse the eyes of flower watchers. In other people's poems, this kind of writing is rare, and this unique feeling is just Bai Juyi's personal experience when enjoying the scenery of the West Lake. Colorful flowers are blooming all over Shan Ye. Against the backdrop of lakes and mountains, Bai Juyi has no idea where to look and how to tell the difference between them. The phrase "flowers are getting more and more charming" means to stop and look closely, while "shallow grass can't have horseshoes" is already an outing on horseback. It is a very pleasant thing to travel freely with two or three friends on the West Lake where the grass grows and the flowers bloom. The horse seemed to realize its owner's relaxed interest on its back and stepped on it slowly. Bai Juyi accidentally caught a glimpse of the scene of horseshoes rising and falling on the grass, which was particularly interesting. He wrote it into the poem, which was a random stroke, but it added a lot of lively interest and elegant leisure to the whole poem.
Belinsky, a famous aesthete, once said: "In any case, beauty emanates from the depths of the soul, because natural scenery cannot be absolutely beautiful, and this beauty is hidden in the souls of those who create or observe them." Bai Juyi's Spring Tour in Qiantang just illustrates this aesthetic of truth. Because no matter how beautiful the scenery of the West Lake is, there will be some unsatisfactory places, but in Bai Juyi's eyes, it is undoubtedly the most beautiful scenery in the world, because he is not only good at observing, but also good at discovering and experiencing. Or in the film and television scenery, I can't help but feel infinite yearning when I hear and see the beautiful scenery, but often once I am there, I feel far less moving and beautiful than I thought. This is because people can't look at the natural landscape with the eyes of discovery and appreciation, but travel with preconceived, excessive and even some critical eyes. Throughout the ages, the West Lake has shown people wonderful spring scenery, and many people have witnessed the spring scenery of Xizi Lake. But there are few works that can be widely read in the end. It is precisely because Bai Juyi has a rare aesthetic appreciation that he can find its moving place among countless tourists in the West Lake and truly enjoy this paradise on earth endowed by nature. Bai Juyi didn't see many "early warblers" and "new swallows", only "a few places" and only "whose home". If it is someone else, he may feel sorry that there is no season of swallows in "everywhere" and "every family", and he thinks it would be good to come ten and a half days late. However, Bai Juyi doesn't think so. There are few benefits. It is precisely because of scarcity that "early warbler" and "new swallow" have a kind of joy in perceiving the arrival of spring. If Bai Juyi does not have a young heart and a heart that loves life and spring, I am afraid that he will not be moved and intoxicated by these spring herald newspapers, but will happily write this touching poem. It is precisely because of this that he can smell the flowers and plants, see the beautiful scenery of the fragrant grass, be fascinated by the wild flowers dotted everywhere, and sigh for the grass that has not crossed the horseshoe. Bai Juyi is lucky, because he has a pair of eyes to discover beauty and spring, so he can't help but linger in the beautiful scenery of the West Lake: "I love the lack of lake in the east and the white sand embankment in under the greenwood tree, Qingyang." When Bai Juyi was a historian in Hangzhou, he did build dikes to store water and irrigate people's fields. However, the dike is in the north of Qiantangmen, but later generations mistook Bai Causeway for a dike built for nothing.
This poem is like a short and pithy travelogue, starting from Gushan and Jiating and ending in Hudong and Bai Causeway. Along the way, Bai Juyi enjoyed singing and dancing in the paradise-like beauty, intoxicated by the flowers and birds. Finally, he walked along the white sand embankment and under the Liu Yin, turning back step by step, and reluctantly left. My ears are still echoing the hymns of spring played by all things, and beautiful poems full of the interest of natural integration flow in my heart involuntarily.
Predecessors said that "Lotte's poems are full of emotions, which enter people's liver and spleen, follow things, and are everywhere" (Su Hua), and that "Lotte's poems are extremely profound and lovely, and they often take what is in front of them as their own words, while others have not done it" (China). The language of this poem is simple, fresh and natural, and carefully selected shots are written in the poem by line drawing. Vivid image, that is, scene blending, Bai Juyi's pleasant mood when he visited the lake in the early spring with abundant business is worthy of the above comments.
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In July (822), the second year of Tang Muzong Changqing, Bai Juyi was appointed as the secretariat of Hangzhou, and in March (825), Tang Jingzong Baoliyuan was appointed as the secretariat of Suzhou. Therefore, this poem "Qiantang Spring Tour" was written in the spring of the third and fourth years of Changqing (823 and 824).
Spring scenery is picturesque on the lake, and chaotic peaks spread around the stage.
There are thousands of green hills on the pine row and a pearl in the heart of the moon.
Early rice is pumped by the blue carpet line, and the green Luo skirt shows Xinpu.
I didn't throw it into Hangzhou, and half of it was this lake.
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Spring in the West Lake is like an intoxicating landscape painting. The lake surrounded by mountains on three sides is as clear as a mirror. On the peak, pine trees are densely covered, and Feng Wan, Qian Shan is green. A full moon reflected in the water, like a pearl, crystal clear, jumping and floating.
Early rice was born, like a huge green carpet covered with thick velvet thread; Puye cloak, like a girl's ribbon ball. A landscape painting with fresh style shows Bai Juyi's praise for the scenery of the West Lake. Spring is so beautiful that Bai Juyi is reluctant to leave Hangzhou and return to Beijing. Half of the factors are reluctant to part with this picturesque West Lake.
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Spring in the West Lake is like an intoxicating landscape painting. The lake surrounded by mountains on three sides is as clear as a mirror. On the peak, pine trees are densely covered, and Feng Wan, Qian Shan is green. A full moon reflected in the water, like a pearl, crystal clear, jumping and floating.
Early rice was born, like a huge green carpet covered with thick velvet thread; Puye cloak, like a girl's ribbon ball. A landscape painting with fresh style shows Bai Juyi's praise for the scenery of the West Lake. Spring is so beautiful that Bai Juyi is reluctant to leave Hangzhou and return to Beijing. Half of the factors are reluctant to part with this picturesque West Lake.
The first three lines of the poem describe the scenery, and the end is lyrical, while the whole poem blends the scenery, and everything is the same. The first sentence is a bird's eye view of the spring scenery of the West Lake, which is called "picturesque". It is no accident that Bai Juyi entered the poem with such strong emotional words. When he was a child, Bai Juyi decided to be an official in Hangzhou, and naturally he was pleased with his wish. His deep affection for Hangzhou can be seen here. This poem is not only a good structure in Bai Juyi's landscape poems, but also one of the famous works describing the West Lake in past dynasties.
The following three sentences in Luanfeng describe the scenery as picturesque: surrounded by mountains, the lake is flat; Rows of pine trees decorate the mountains like overlapping emeralds, and the bright moon shines into the middle of the lake like a shining pearl. What an attractive sight! However, the theme of the poem did not stop at the level of Fan Shan's ink, and the sentence "Bitan" unexpectedly turned the pen and tongue to the observation of crops. Embedding farming in landscape poems may be contrary to elegance and vulgarity, which is very uncoordinated, but Bai Juyi poeticized farming in a unique way-the thread drawn from the early rice carpet and the ribbon on the newly paved skirt. Such a subtle and novel metaphor not only reflects Bai Juyi's concern for the people in the lake area, but also reminds readers that it is this history of thorns that made him yearn for Hangzhou since he was a child. As soon as he arrived, he sympathized with the people's feelings, dug wells to drink water, and turned Hangzhou into a paradise on earth, thus remembering his virtue. At the same time, it is also a change of style and a valuable innovation in poetry creation, which is more novel in conception and implicit in language than another famous poem about the West Lake written by Bai Juyi.
The structure of this poem is tortuous and euphemistic, especially the last two sentences, "I am reluctant to part with you at the end and say' leave half', but it is more affectionate." (Poetry of Tang and Song Dynasties) So what is its "moral"? This has to be explored in connection with Bai Juyi's related tracks and creations. Bai Juyi used to be a native of Chang 'an, Ren Zhongshu, and a secretariat of Hangzhou. Faced with the reality that the country is short of people, he wrote and said things that were not adopted many times. Seeing that the situation was getting worse, his cronies were getting worse. He asked to go abroad and come to Hangzhou. On the one hand, this is a problem. On the other hand, he thinks it is not good to be a hermit or a Beijing official. Just being busy with the secretariat of Hangzhou is exactly what he wants, that is, the so-called "□ the stream is extremely quiet and there are many tombs." Only in Qiantang County is leisure just right. " This is from the poem "Send money to Huzhou and Li Suzhou", and there are many similar statements in other articles. This is not only Bai Juyi's heartfelt words, but also the "implication" of this poem.
Because "Huang En can only stay for three years", Bai Juyi left the West Lake with reluctance, which is very infectious in itself. /kloc-Today, more than 0/000 years later, the West Lake has long been known as a land with mountains and lakes, and this poem has spread like wildfire. It is worth pondering that the names of the ten scenic spots in the West Lake today, such as Autumn Moon in Pinghu, Spring Dawn in Su Causeway, and Reflecting the Moon in Santan, are probably derived from the corresponding poems in the poem Spring on the Lake.
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This is a famous sentence describing the spring scenery of West Lake in Hangzhou. Bai Juyi was appointed as the secretariat of Hangzhou in July, the second year of Tang Muzong Hengli Changqing (AD 822), and arrived in October. At the end of May, Changqing left Hangzhou for Luoyang. This poem was written on the eve of Bai Juyi's withdrawal from the secretariat of Hangzhou, about the spring of the fourth year of Changqing in the Tang Dynasty (AD 824), before Bai Juyi's stay in Hangzhou was about to expire and leave. In order to escape the fierce political vortex of party struggle in the imperial court at that time, Bai Juyi decided to defend Hangzhou. Subsequent poems inevitably reveal the relaxed and happy mood of leaving the wrong place. This poem, however, will return at the end of its term, breeding a feeling of sadness and parting.