1, poet of lake poets
It mainly refers to Wordsworth, Coleridge and Southey, who are extremely disgusted with capitalist civilization and cash transactions between people, and full of yearning for medieval feudal society. He lived in seclusion in the lake district of northwest England, hence his name. Their poems eulogize patriarchal rural life and natural scenery, or describe strange and mysterious stories and exotic scenery.
Lake poets poets yearned for the French bourgeois revolution in their early years. When the revolution went deep into the dictatorship of the jacobin Party, they were frightened by the people's revolutionary actions and turned against the French Revolution. They stood in a conservative position against bourgeois civilization, advocated the restoration of feudal patriarchal clan system and advocated religious morality.
In literature, Huxiang poets oppose the classical tradition, yearn for materialism and praise nature. 1798, Wordsworth and Coleridge * * * published a collection of lyric songs and wrote a preface. The main content of the preface emphasizes that the theme of poetry comes from daily life and emotion, the language of poetry should be the language of daily life, and poets should have creative imagination. This preface became a declaration of British romanticism. The discussion about imagination is a theory that emphasizes expression and shakes the tradition of Aristotle's imitation theory.
Wordsworth (1770- 1850) is the first great English romantic poet and also a great European poet. Because he likes to praise the beauty of nature, he is known as a "natural poet". He believes that nature has a power to improve people's spiritual realm and moral value, so he praises nature as a spiritual power. Let nature edify itself and inspire. Nature is an inexhaustible material source. His masterpiece Tinden Abbey expresses his feelings for nature.
Coleridge (1772- 1834), a man with a natural interest in exploring problems, opposed the classical flashy style in school. His works are full of mysterious and romantic colors, and he is good at writing mysterious and bizarre anecdotes to force real life. His representative works include Ode to the Ancient Ship, Kublai Khan and Christabel.
Shelley (1792- 1822) is a famous English romantic poet. He was the first poet to express the utopian socialist ideal, and was called "the prophet of genius" by Engels. He was expelled from Oxford University because of the inevitability of atheism (18 12). In the same year, he eloped with the innkeeper 16-year-old daughter Harriet and was kicked out of the house. Throughout his life, he criticized the unreasonable social system, opposed any form of oppression of mankind, and sympathized with the weak.
Shelley's main creations are as follows: The long poem Queen Mabel (18 13) expresses his political and philosophical views. Islamic Uprising (18 17) used oriental stories to praise the bourgeois revolution. Prometheus Liberated (18 19) is Shelley's masterpiece. It uses the theme of ancient Greece to portray Prometheus as a bourgeois revolutionary, and the final outcome is the liberation of the whole world, expressing the belief that the struggle against autocratic rule will win and the ideal of utopian socialism. The world in the play has become "equal, regardless of rank, race or country, fearless, without rank or king". The famous lyric poems are ode to the west wind and Ode to a Lark.
The characteristics of Shelley's poems are full of exposure and resistance to reactionary rule and dark society, sympathy for the oppressed people, and prospects for an ideal society in the future. Empty and elegant, enthusiastic and optimistic, without gloomy colors. Describe the ideal world with symbolism and romantic fantasy.
Keats (1795- 182 1), a romantic poet, is as famous as Byron and Shelley. His writing period is only five years, but he has written many masterpieces handed down from generation to generation, such as Ode to a Nightingale, Ode to Autumn, Ode to an Ancient Greek Urn and so on. He loves ancient Greek culture, has a progressive ideological tendency, pursues the realm of beauty, and has pictures in his poems. Affect aestheticism.
Scott (177 1- 1832) is an English novelist and the founder of European historical novels. His works include poems, novels, historical works and biographies. But his greatest contribution is historical novels. He wrote 27 historical novels, just like a huge historical picture, reflecting the social life of England and Scotland from the Middle Ages to the bourgeois revolution. Expose national oppression and beautify Scotland's ancient patriarchal society. Ivanhoe (18 19). Scott's historical novels have a strong romantic color, thrilling and bizarre plot, colorful scenes and extraordinary characters, which can be said to be romantic historical novels, opening the way for European social novels in the late19th century.