How to judge Fu, Bi Xing?

The main expression method of The Book of Songs is also the main expression method of China's ancient poems. This statement was first put forward by Zhou Li Chun Guan. Later, the preface to Mao's poems inherited this statement. They all confuse three content styles (style, elegance and praise) with three expression methods (fu, bi and xing), which are collectively called six poems or six meanings, and their concepts are rather vague. Until the Tang Dynasty, Kong Yingda's "Justice of Mao Poetry" said: "The wind, elegance and praise are the variants of poetry; Fu, Bi and Xing are different words in poetry. For those who have different sizes and get six meanings, Fu, Bi and Xing are the uses of poetry, while style, elegance and praise are the formation of poetry. Using the other three things to achieve these three things is the same as righteousness, and it is necessary to have another volume, so that the three-body and three methods can be more accurately distinguished, and this view is still used.

There are two explanations about Fu, Bi and Xing. One explanation is that Fu, Bi and Xing are closely related to political education and satirical advice. It was Zheng Xuan in the Han Dynasty who first made this explanation. The positive significance of this explanation is that it has a direct enlightening effect on the theory of "beauty is better than happiness" advocated by Chen Ziang and Bai Juyi in the Tang Dynasty. The negative influence is that it led many poets to wander away from the artistic image and unilaterally seek the so-called trivial meaning of poetry. Another explanation is to interpret Fu, Bi and Xing as simple artistic thinking and expression techniques. Zheng Zhong in the Han Dynasty first made this explanation, and regarded Bi as a figure of speech and Xing as a means to help plants, animals and birds see what they mean. This explanation was inherited by many scholars in later generations, such as Zhi Yu in Jin Dynasty, Li Zhongmeng and Zhu Xi in Song Dynasty. Their statements have accurately summarized the basic characteristics of Fu, Bi and Xing as the means of expression.

The induction and research of Fu, Bi and Xing are of great significance in the development of China's ancient poetry theory and poetry creation. It not only deepens and perfects the theoretical understanding of artistic thinking and expression methods of poetry, but also promotes the enrichment and perfection of poetry in creation, which has played a positive role in promoting the development of ancient poetry. Among them:

Fu is the basic technique of ancient poetry, which is also called Bi Xing. Fu Chen, a paving. Paving is the abbreviation of paving and arranging. In a long poem, exposition and parallelism are often used together. Layout is a series of closely related landscape images, events, characters and personality behaviors, which form a group of sentences with basically the same structure and tone in a certain order.

It can not only write incisively and delicately, but also concentrate on and strengthen the language potential, and also render a certain environment, atmosphere and emotion. In Fu style, especially in Fu of Fu Lihua's beautiful Han Dynasty, Fu method is widely used. Some five-character poems in Han Yuefu and Han Dynasty also influenced each other with Han Fu, and even more, they combined exposition and parallelism to complement each other.

Fu Bi Xing is one of the three traditional techniques in China, and Bi Yi Yu is the most basic and commonly used. Generally speaking, the figurative things used for comparison are always more vivid, concrete, vivid and simple than the ontological things being compared, which are known by people and easy for people to associate and imagine.

xing

xing, say something else first to arouse the chanted words. In terms of characteristics, there are two situations: direct prosperity and prosperity with ratio; In terms of use, there are two forms: beginning with prosperity and rising with prosperity.