Ancient poetry includes poems and songs.
1. From the form of poetry can be divided into:
(1) Ancient poems, including ancient poems (poems before the Tang Dynasty), songs of Chu and Yuefu poems. Pay attention to the styles of ancient poetry such as Song, Song Xing, Quotations, Qu and Ling, which also belong to ancient poetry. Classical poetry does not talk about antithesis and rhymes freely. The development track of classical poetry: The Book of Songs → Chu Ci → Han Fu → Han Yuefu → Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties Folk Songs → Jian 'an Poetry → Tao Poetry and other literati five-character poems → Tang Dynasty Ancient Style New Yuefu.
② Modern poetry, including metrical poems and quatrains.
③ Ci, also known as Yu Shi, long and short sentences, Qu Zi, Qu Zi, Yuefu, etc. Its characteristics: the tone has a fixed frame, the sentence has a fixed number and the word has a fixed tone. According to different words, it can be divided into long tone (9 1 word or more), middle tone (59-90 words) and short tone (58 words or less). Words can be divided into monosyllabic and disyllabic, and disyllabic is divided into two paragraphs, in which the level and number of words are equal or roughly equal, and monosyllabic is only one paragraph. A paragraph of a word is called a que or an article, the first paragraph is called Qianque, Shangque and Shangpian, and the second paragraph is called Houque, Xiaque and Xiapian.
④ Qu, also known as Yuefu. Yuanqu includes Sanqu and Zaju. Sanqu rose in the Jin Dynasty and flourished in the Yuan Dynasty, and its style was similar to that of Ci. Features: the number of words can be added with interlining, and more oral English is used. Sanqu includes poems and songs. The number of songs is a coherent set of songs, ranging from two to dozens. Each group number takes the song of the first song as the name of the whole set of songs, and the whole set of songs must be in the same palace tune. It has no guests, but only oratorios.
2. From the theme of poetry can be divided into:
Lyrics about scenery, lyrics about scenic spots and natural scenery. Because of their dissatisfaction with reality, some ancient poets often attached their feelings to mountains and rivers, and expressed their thoughts and feelings by describing the scenery of rivers and lakes and natural scenery. This kind of poetry often contains the feelings expressed by the scenery described later, which is what people often say. Its style is fresh and natural.
(2) Poetry is expressed by chanting things, in which the poet describes the shape, characteristics, charm and personality of chanting things, so as to entrust the poet's own feelings and express the poet's spirit, quality or ideal.
(3) I feel nostalgic about poetry, because one thing causes the poet's feelings, such as homesickness, homesickness and friends.
(4) Memorizing the past and chanting epic poems, taking historical allusions as the theme, or expressing their opinions, or satirizing the present through the past, or expressing vicissitudes of life.
⑤ Poems describing frontier battles, describing frontier scenery and the military life of frontier soldiers, or expressing optimism and heroism or homesickness, with tragic style and bold brushwork.
Metric: the general name for the formal requirements of classical poetry. "Ge" is a format and contains a certain poetic style.
The number of sentences, the number of words in each sentence, the rhythm, the format of some sentences (sentence patterns), antithesis (similar rhetoric)
Even "), and so on. "Rhythm" is the rhythm, including the level of each word in each sentence (tone level) and the bet of one sentence.
Rhyming, rhyming requirements, etc.
From the perspective of meter, poetry can be divided into classical poetry and modern poetry. Ancient poetry is also called ancient poetry or ancient style; Near body
Poetry is also called modern poetry or metrical poetry, including quatrains. In terms of the number of words, there are four-character poems, five-character poems and six-character poems.
Seven-character poems, four-character poems and six-character poems are rare.
Classical poetry is written in the style of ancient poetry. In short, it is not written according to the rhythm of modern poetry.
Writing, poems that are not bound by the rhythm of modern poetry are all ancient poems (regardless of this book).
Modern poetry can be roughly divided into three types: regular poetry, exclusive poetry and quatrains.
Modern poetry is represented by metrical poetry, which is written according to certain rules. Lvshi
Although there are many exquisite rhymes, occasional lines and antithesis, there are four main characteristics:
(1) Each song is limited to eight sentences, with 40 words in five laws and 56 words in seven laws;
(2) They are all rhymed;
(3) stipulate the level of each sentence;
(4) Every song should have antithesis, and the position of antithesis is also stipulated.
There is a kind of metrical poem with more than eight sentences, which is called long law. The long method is generally five words, and it is often marked on the topic.
Ming rhyme number, such as Wang Wei's "Henan Yan Yin Di sees disadvantages, visits others to give ten rhymes", which is one hundred words; Bai Juyi
"Poetry with a hundred rhymes" is a thousand words. This long method not only ends (or ends) but also
Outside, they all use antithesis, so it is also called parallelism.
The number of words in quatrains is half less than that in metrical poems, which is equivalent to half a metrical poem in form, so metrical poems require harmony.
Like poetry. In fact, quatrains can be divided into two categories: ancient quatrains and regular quatrains. This article only talks about law)