The reason why it is not easy to score on the poetry appreciation question is mainly because I have not mastered the correct answering skills. I have found relevant information on the Internet before, and here are a few points for your reference:
1. Look at the type.
From the perspective of poetry content, the basic types of examinations of classical poetry include the following categories. ①Farewell category. ②Nostalgia category. ③Nostalgia for humanity. Mainly express longing for hometown or relatives. ④War or frontier fortress. ⑤Leisure type. ⑥ Borrowing scenery to express emotions. ⑦ Support things and express ambitions. ⑧Love category. ⑨People’s livelihood category. As long as students master the basic reading level of the above nine types of poems, they can basically settle on the types after carefully reading the original poems two to three times.
2. Determine feelings.
After the image is found, the emotion of the whole poem naturally emerges. Words that can express the emotion and color of poetry include: joy, joy, anger, sorrow, grief, sadness, desolation, praise, admiration, farewell, attachment, heroism, leisure, tranquility, infatuation, love, sadness, loneliness, sadness, loneliness, Being bored, adhering to moral integrity, worrying about the country and the people, etc.
3. Set the theme.
That is to determine the ideological content expressed in poetry, which is the core of poetry creation and the core of poetry appreciation. The ideological content of the poem is nothing more than the following aspects: loving the motherland and its great mountains and rivers, worrying about the country and its people, nostalgic for the past and regretting the present, opposing war, pursuing peace, contempt for the powerful, cynical, underappreciating talents, loving the mountains and rivers, retreating to the countryside, climbing high to view the scenic spots, and cherishing the sorrow of spring. Autumn brings nostalgia for friends, homesickness and relatives, getting to know each other and being close to each other, farewell and separation, etc.
4. Look for images (allusions).
In a sense, the focus of poetry appreciation is to correctly grasp the images described in the poems, that is, the images (people, objects, scenery, things) described in the poems. Many images in ancient poetry have their own metaphorical meanings. Although the metaphorical meaning of this kind of image may be different in different artistic conceptions, in most cases it has its universal meaning
5. Find techniques.
The quality of a poem is closely related to the expression techniques it uses, and the expression techniques must be analyzed from three aspects: expression, rhetorical techniques, and expression techniques.
6. Style.
"Style" refers to the different creative characteristics caused by the author's life experience, artistic quality, etc. For example, Li Bai's poems are fresh and elegant, Du Fu's poems are melancholy, Tao Yuanming's poems are dilute and peaceful, Wang Weizhi's poems contain paintings, Han Yu's poems are profound and dangerous, and Bai Juyi's poems are popular and vivid. For another example, according to word commentators, the words of Su Shi and Xin Qiji are bold and unrestrained, while the words of Liu Yong and Li Qingzhao are graceful and subtle.
At the end of poetry appreciation, or when it comes to the subtleties, students should be able to appreciate the author's language style and the expressive effect the language aims to achieve. Some related terms include: Gangjian is majestic, tragic, broad-minded, desolate, melancholy, elegant, implicit, lingering, fresh, bright, beautiful, tranquil, poignant, bright, etc.
The effect of language expression: sincere and touching, touching, tear-jerking, lofty artistic conception, blending of scenes, thought-provoking, full of words and endless meaning.
The above six points seem very scattered, as if the poem is being read in pieces, but this is not the case. This is just like a saying we often say, but I have slightly modified it: "The master leads to the right door, and the practice lies in the individual." Only by letting students understand the way of poetry appreciation can students establish a way of appreciation, and then Develop your own appreciation style through constant appreciation.
7. From the title, we can see the origin of the poet’s poetry and the triggering points of his emotions
Thanks to the Monkey Man Giving Zhu Fu
Luo Yin
< p>Twelve or three years is the trial period, and the mist of the five lakes and the moon are contrary to each other.How to learn to take the grandson as an offering, and the king will blush when he smiles.
A "monkey juggler" is an acrobat who tames monkeys. When the Huangchao Uprising broke out, Emperor Zhaozong of the Tang Dynasty fled, and the only artist accompanying him was a monkey charmer. This monkey was well tamed and was able to work with the emperor at court. Emperor Zhaozong of the Tang Dynasty was very happy, so he rewarded the monkey player with a fifth-grade official position, wearing a red robe, which was "given Zhu Fu", and gave him the title "Sun Gongfeng". The fact that Zhaozong rewarded his grandson with an official position is absurd and boring in itself. It shows that the last emperor of the Tang Empire was extremely stupid and faced the imminent disaster of national subjugation. He was not eager to seek talents or pursue national affairs. He was still enjoying the monkey show and enjoying himself. For Luo Yin, this incident was a bitter irony. He lived in poverty for ten years, studying and taking exams, but failed in ten exams and remained a commoner. Compared with Sun Chongfeng's favor, he couldn't help but feel hurt, so he wrote this poem, using the different experiences of himself and Sun Chongfeng as a sharp contrast, expressing emotion in a self-mockery way, venting his anger, and exposing the criticism of the emperor. Fatal and absurd.
There are many other titles of this kind: "Meeting the Envoy to the Capital", "Encountering Light Rain on the Jianmen Road", "Meeting the Year of Li Gui in the South of the Yangtze River", "Wen Letian Granted Jiangzhou Sima", "Accepting Surrender at Night" "The flute was heard in the city" and "Early rice was harvested in the West Field in the middle of the ninth month of the Gengxu year".
8. Exploring the emotional tendency of the poem from the title
Cherishing the Peonies
Bai Juyi
Melancholy Red peonies in front of the steps, late only There are two branches left.
When the wind rises in the Ming Dynasty, it should be blown away. At night, the redness fades and the fire is watched.
Sentimental poets throughout the ages have never tired of singing about the theme of cherishing spring and cherishing flowers. However, Bai Juyi's "Cherishing Peony Flowers" is unique among countless flower-cherishing poems.
People always know how to cherish flowers after they fall. This poem goes against the norm, but it starts from the time when the flowers are in full bloom and thinks of the day when the redness and fragrance fade. It uses the fresh concept of "lighting the fire" on the flowers to express the infinite pity for the peonies and convey the meaning of the poem. It expresses the deep emotion of the passage of time and the difficulty of retaining youth. This sense of pity and sadness of spring can be seen from the word "cherish" in the title.
These titles can be used to speculate on the emotional tendencies of the poems: "Poems of Compassion for Farmers", "Scaring the Tian Family", "Spring Resentment", "Book Anger", "Crying for Chao Qingheng", "Huai Wu" "Zhong Feng Xiucai", "Congratulations to Jin Gong on a peach forest night", "Fen Shang Jingqiu", "Looking at Parrot Island and feeling sad for you". We need to find the word that embodies the poet's emotion, and look at its part of speech, composition, emotional characteristics, content, and objects involved.
9. Ancient poems also have “keywords” for solving problems
“After memorizing these two categories of knowledge point modules, candidates’ sense of unfamiliarity with the appreciation of ancient poems will disappear. When faced with ancient poetry appreciation questions in the examination room, you can link the test questions to the types in the knowledge point modules," said Teacher Yao. Identifying the correct knowledge point modules from the two aspects of "ideological content" and "artistic characteristics" is the first step in concluding the question of ancient poetry appreciation. The second step is to identify the "keywords" in the poems, that is, the "keywords" in the poems. Imagery".
Only by finding the correct image in the poem's ending can we truly grasp the meaning of the poem. "For example, every time Lu You is mentioned, all the candidates will invariably answer 'patriotic poet', and casually read out the poem 'Wang Shibei sets the Central Plains Day. Family sacrifices do not forget to tell Nai Weng'. In fact, , Lu You also wrote such a tranquil sentence as "The flute and drum follow the spring society, and the clothes are simple and ancient." Therefore, grasping the images written in the poems, rather than blindly "labeling" the poets, is also an improvement in ancient poetry. A necessary part of appreciating scores. Teacher Yao listed 36 common images in poetry, including red beans that represent lovesickness, broken willows that represent parting, and sycamores that represent loneliness and independence... These are all "high-frequency images that frequently appear in the appreciation of ancient poetry in the Chinese language college entrance examination. ”, once you memorize it, you will be able to solve the questions with ease.