In literature, it’s not that the more you write, the more powerful you are, but that one or two sentences in history are enough to be remembered. For example, Su Lin, who only wrote one poem in his life, relied on the line "The first to get the moon near the water and the towers, and the early spring for the flowers and trees in the sun." in "Fragmented Sentences". How many, if you ask ten people at random, how many would know. This is literature.
It can stand out among the star-studded Tang Dynasty poems, and was evaluated by Mr. Wen Yiduo as "the poem among poems, the pinnacle of the pinnacle". The self-redemption of palace poetry has lasted for more than a thousand years He impressed many literati and poets. It is with this song "Spring River Flowers and Moonlight Night" that he has been passed down through the ages and left his name in the annals of history.
Spring River Flower Moonlight Night
Zhang Ruoxu [Tang Dynasty]
The spring river tide reaches the sea level, and the bright moon on the sea is full of tides. The twinkling waves follow the waves for thousands of miles, but there is no moon on the spring river!
The river flows around Fangdian, and the moonlight shines on the flowers and forests like sleet. Frost is flying in the sky unknowingly, and the white sand on the pavilion cannot be seen.
The river and sky are completely dust-free, and there is only a solitary moon in the bright sky. Who by the river saw the moon for the first time? When did Jiang Yue shine on people?
Life is endless from generation to generation, and the moon and river look alike every year. I don’t know who Jiang Yue is waiting for, but I see the Yangtze River sending water.
The white clouds are slowly disappearing, and the Qingfeng Pu is full of sorrow. Whose family is cheating tonight? Where do I miss Mingyue Tower?
Poor Yue Pei upstairs, she should be looking away from the makeup mirror. The jade door curtain cannot be rolled away, and it comes back when the clothes are smashed and brushed on the anvil.
At this time, we are looking at each other but not hearing each other, and I hope that the moonlight will shine on you. The swans fly long and fast, and the fishes and dragons dive and jump into the water.
Last night I dreamed of falling flowers in the pond, and it was a pity that I didn’t return home in the middle of spring. The spring water in the river is gone, and the moon has set in the west again.
The slanting moon hides the sea fog, and the Jieshi and Xiaoxiang roads are endless. I don’t know how many people are returning by the moon. The falling moon shakes the trees all over the river with love.
?This poem did not cause much repercussions at the time. Only many years after the poet's death did later generations discover its uniqueness. This poem has a very high artistic level in terms of artistic conception, emotion, description method, philosophy, etc. We all know that most of the poems in the Tang Dynasty describe the rouge and pink in the court, but this article does not fall into this trap. Next, we will analyze it from all aspects.
Life is short, but time is eternal. History is eternal. Human beings only exist briefly in a certain time and space in history, but the literary value left by human beings can become eternal. Therefore, the best way to leave an impact in history is to leave some literary works.
First of all, the whole poem has made great efforts in rhyme, which is also an aspect recognized by future generations and history. This poem is divided into nine groups, each group uses a rhyme, and each group must change the rhyme, which has its neat side; then the changes of the nine rhymes are smooth and oblique, and the wrong sounds are interspersed, which is extremely complicated.
A person who can explain super complex matters simply is a master. Every word in Zhang Ruoxu's article is very simple, but the artistic conception and illusion created when combined together are by no means simple. The combination of five simple individuals of "spring, river, flower, moon and night" creates a wonderful artistic conception. The five independent elements will gather when fate comes and disperse when fate goes away. They gather when they should gather and disperse when the music ends. This reflects the natural pattern of gathering and dispersing that exists in the world itself.
Furthermore, emotions are complex and abstract. Even words have emotions. It is believed that emotions come from the heart and hands move from the heart. The author did not directly write about emotions at the beginning, such as the lovesickness of a wanderer, the memory of a loving mother, the rise and fall of a country, etc. Instead, he integrated these emotions into the river, moon, and flowers, and repeatedly combined these scenery to achieve a lyrical effect.
The author did not start from the perspective of missing his wife, but started from himself. When he raised his head and saw the moon hanging high in the sky, the poet fell into deep thought, who was the first person to see the moon? This is about the origin of human beings. When did the moon appear? This is about the origin of the universe. Suddenly raising the question to the category of philosophy is like "Who am I? Where do I come from? Where do I go?" in philosophy, which has always puzzled mankind. It is a feeling of loneliness, of an individual facing the vastness of the universe. Zhang Ruoxu asked two questions that are still unanswerable. We know that Su Shi said, "I mourn the brief moment of my life, and envy the infinity of the Yangtze River." I am temporary, but the water of the Yangtze River and the objective things in nature are eternal.
Turning to write that life is endless from generation to generation, but the river moon is so similar every year. This is a kind of reincarnation. People are developing and changing, but things in nature have not changed. The issue between change and immutability is an eternal topic.
Turning to writing about lovesickness, I don’t know who the moon on the river is waiting for, but when I lower my head and step my feet, I can only see the water of the Yangtze River flowing continuously. We know that Li Yu wrote in "Yu Meiren", "Asking you how much sorrow you can have is just like a river of spring water flowing eastward." Seeing the flow of the Yangtze River, infinite lovesickness and sorrow surged into my heart. I had nowhere to entertain myself and could only place my hope. Yangtze River water, let it be taken away.
The woman in the boudoir must miss the wanderer wandering outside very much. She is so lovesick that she climbs up the tall building at night to look at the boat in the mountains and rivers. "Bian Zhouzi, Mingyue Tower" is a wanderer, a thought Woman, these are all scenes imagined in the poet's mind.
This is the most common loneliness and lovesickness in the world, and it is also the most touching lovesickness. We know that Chen Tao has a poem in "Longxi Journey": "The poor bones by the Wuding River are like people in a spring boudoir's dream." People who joined the army died on the battlefield, and the bones by the river were not just those of heroes, but still He is the dream lover of the women in the boudoir. They look at each other but never see each other, and their lovesickness is fixed in the moment of separation.
This kind of loneliness is the loneliness of not being able to love, of being separated in two places, of missing each other. The poet starts with the missing woman in the Mingyue Tower. The moonlight shines down at night and should shine on every place on the earth. But tonight the moonlight chases the missing woman who is standing in the tall building missing her husband far away. The moonlight chases her, This feeling of loneliness deepened further, but the moonlight at this moment happened to shine on the dressing table.
Maybe the dresser is gathering dust because it hasn’t been used for a long time. Why haven't I used it for a long time? Because no one appreciates it. "Warring States Policy·Zhao Ceyi" describes: "Yu Rang fled to the mountains and said: Alas! A scholar will die for a confidant; a woman will look like a person who pleases herself. I will repay the Zhi clan's chastity (chóu)." Women are themselves. People like to dress up, but the current situation is that the dressing table is covered with dust. Because you are not around, even if I am glowing and rouged, the person I like cannot see it. This feeling of loneliness, sadness, and lovesickness comes naturally to my heart. The tears at this moment have mixed flavors, including sourness, sadness, loneliness, loneliness, and lovesickness, falling into the Yangtze River and flowing eastward.
What is coming when the whisk is put on the anvil? It's worry and joy. It’s the pleasure I feel after I finish making the clothes and send them to you. But where should I send the clothes at this moment? I am very helpless under the moonlight at this moment. I don’t know where to send the clothes that I have worked so hard to make for you. Every place is related to you, and every place has memories of the two of us. You want to close the curtains, but the moonlight shines through the jade curtains into every corner of the house.
You want to escape from this place, but you find that the moonlight is chasing you. If you run, it chases you. You can't escape this time and space, you are trapped in this moonlight. In fact, you have trapped yourself in your own heart and in the time of missing him.
At this moment, I am looking up at the moon, and you are also looking at the moon, looking at each other without hearing each other. The farthest distance in the world is that I am thinking of you, and you are also missing me somewhere in the world. . Let me turn into the moon and shine beside you. In ancient times, the moon was mostly a kind of emotional sustenance and the sustenance of lovesickness. For example, "I would like to follow the shadow of the lonely moon and shine in Fubo Camp" in Shen Ruyun of the Tang Dynasty's "Girlfriend" expresses the same emotion.
Looking at the moon at night is more of a companionship, to accompany the wanderer alone in a foreign land, and to accompany the missing woman who stays in the boudoir. The distance allows us to look up at the moon together and convey our thoughts to each other through the moonlight. Just like "the bright moon rises on the sea, and the end of the world is at this time." But this is a hypothetical idea. Maybe at this moment I am looking up at the moon and missing you, but you are not looking or there is already someone else around me. This approach itself is an act of self-deception in a sense, but it is also very beautiful. ?
Last night I was talking about my dreams and I couldn’t fall asleep last night. I tossed and turned. I got up and warmed a pot of wine under the moonlight. I drank against the moon and raised my glass to think about others. Tears flowed down slowly from the temples, as if the waves in the cup were your graceful figure.
Everyone wants to meet the right person during their best time, and they always want to give her the most beautiful things about themselves. No one thinks about meeting the right person when they are seventy or eighty years old. Maybe at that time, they are on crutches and all their hair has fallen out. No one expects this. The most beautiful state of life is that there is this expectation, and this expectation makes up your life. This is a life with mixed flavors.
We all live in a real society that cannot be changed. Various uncertain factors will suddenly appear in front of you. At this moment, the moon has set in the west and is about to set. I am still wandering outside. I miss you from moonrise to moonset, but I haven’t returned to my hometown yet. It seems that I am the only one wandering in the vast world at this moment.
Sentient people have created this eternal universe. This is reality. The ruthless Jiang Yue becomes sentimental when she meets a sentimental person. All things in the world do not have any emotions, but it is because of the appearance of people who place their emotions on all things that this eternal universe is created.
The eternal thing in this world is love.
After reading the whole poem, the biggest feeling is that missing is the greatest comfort to missing. As long as you still miss someone in this world, you are meaningful and happy.
Everything in the world is unreasonable and ruthless. For example, Jiang Yue only exists when you look up at it, and only when you place your thoughts on it. significance. Life itself is meaningless, it is only because of longing that everything becomes sentimental.
This article may be complicated to interpret, but you can only read it slowly when you calm down and picture in your mind every scene from the moonrise on the river to the moonset described by the poet. A scene, slowly bring your emotions to every word, and you will gain a lot.