Hu Shi's "Anthology" is the first collection of new vernacular poems in modern China. Published 1920. Hu Shi advocated vernacular literature. Opponents believed that writing poetry in vernacular was not feasible. He used vernacular poetry as an experiment to prove his theoretical proposition, so he named it "Test Collection". He is the first person in China to write and publish new vernacular poetry. "Anthology Collection" has a pioneering status and significance in the history of the development of Chinese new poetry. As for the basic tendency of most of its works, the thoughts of "Attempt Collection" are consistent with the anti-imperialist and anti-feudal "May Fourth" spirit: opposing feudal autocracy, denying feudal ethics, yearning for democracy and freedom, praising democratic revolution, criticizing Current affairs, exposing warlords, expressing demands for individual liberation, showing patriotism, praising the enterprising spirit, and advocating the sacred thought of labor. The characteristics of the artistic form of "Trial Collection" are: clarity and emphasis on understandability", with more use of the technique of holding objects to express interest; the artistic conception is plain and dilute.