(Startled-Up-Drinking-Singing-Crying) 2. This shows Xiang Yu's character: sentimental. The second paragraph: break through and be trapped in Dongcheng. Main plot: Falling in Ozawa at night-determined to fight quickly 1. In this paragraph, what Xiang Yu said to his subordinates accounted for a large part. Glorious past, failed today.
Repeatedly stressed: "The death of this day is not a war crime." ) 2. This shows Xiang Yu's character: conceited and brave. The third paragraph: Three actions in the battle of the siege of Dongcheng: the first time: Xiang Yu-yelling, rushing, beheading the general/Han army-invincible. 1. Does the word "sui" in "Sui Jiang Yi" have any special ideographic function? (Explain that Xiang Yu is easy to "cut the Han generals", which shows Xiang Yu's bravery and good fighting skills. )
The second time: Xiang Yu-the red-eyed Hou in spring-both men and women were shocked and changed their minds to Wan Li (by contrast, Xiang Yu's bravery was shown. The third time: Xiang Yuzhi beheaded a captain of Han, killing hundreds of people; Killing two riders ("Killing a Hundred Men") shows Xiang Yu's brave and unstoppable battle scene, showing Xiang Yu's bravery and good fighting skills. )
2. Three movements, from different angles, show Xiang Yu's tiger-like momentum and fighting capacity, and Wu Ying's image is vivid. Very wonderful! After three movements, Xiang Yu had a dialogue with his men. What's the effect? (Explain that Xiang Yu's heroic killing of the enemy just now was mainly to prove to his subordinates that his failure was "I am dead now, not a crime of war." )
3. This shows Xiang Yu's character: brave and conceited. The fourth paragraph: written by Wujiang 1. Why did Xiang Yu "want to cross the Wujiang River eastward" but have a boat to cross but not cross it? (The words of Tingchang made Xiang Yu deeply ashamed of "seeing my father and brother in Jiangdong", so he decided not to cross the Wujiang River. ) 2. From this, we can see Xiang Yu's character: shame and righteousness. 2. Summarize stories, characters, language writing, worries about the surroundings, getting up, drinking, singing, crying, language, set off the brave of the East City, eulogize my death, not a crime of war! The action and language of Sui, the suicide scene of Wujiang laughing, and the way, action and language of I am a sage and Suicide are compared. Second, summarize how to evaluate historical figures 1, which is well-founded; 2. Historical figures should be evaluated in the context of life; We should draw experience and lessons from this evaluation to enlighten people today.
Third, the example evaluation example 1: (point of view) A person should have dignity. If a person has no dignity, it is meaningless to live in this world.
Xiang Yu is on the edge of Wujiang River. Faced with the choice of surrender and suicide, he resolutely chose suicide. (Comment) Once caught, there will be countless humiliations and the dignity of life will be lost.
There is an old saying: "There is gold under one's knee." The so-called "gold" is this precious and incomparable dignity.
Therefore, in the face of choice, we must safeguard the dignity of our lives. Example 2: (Famous saying) The people are like water, and the monarch is like a ship. The knife cuts bread and fingers.
(For example) When Xiang Yu attacked Qin Cheng, he only wanted to burn the Qin Temple, celebrate the victory and reward the foot soldiers, but he forgot to appease the people! So that when he was lost in the encirclement, he was deceived by a father, strayed into osawa and went to despair. (Viewpoint) Since ancient times, those who win the hearts of the people have won the world.
(Comment) Xiang Yu's hero lived all his life, but he didn't know that people's hearts were expensive and hard to buy. (Reality) It can be seen that those in power should be people-oriented when governing the country and doing things for the officials.
Example 3: (Famous saying) A scholar can be killed, but not humiliated. Dignity is more important than life.
For example, when Xiang Yu was forced to retreat to the Wujiang River, he did not surrender-surrender would be humiliated; He chose death-he would rather die than defend his dignity! On the edge of the Wujiang River, he is extremely tall. (Comment) Putting human dignity in the highest position is a noble sentiment beyond material things.
Analysis of the problems in Example 3: the comments are not in place, and the examples and opinions can not be well combined to highlight the opinions. Revision: (Famous saying) A scholar can be killed, but not humiliated.
Dignity is more important than life. For example, when Xiang Yu was forced to retreat to the Wujiang River, he did not surrender-surrender would be humiliated; He chose death-he would rather die than defend his dignity! On the edge of the Wujiang River, he is extremely tall.
(Comment) Xiang Yu put human dignity in the highest position and gave up his life, but he won an eternal reputation. (Reality) In real life, how many people will easily lose their dignity for a little fame and fortune that is far less precious than life? Although they are alive, they are more sad than death.
Fourth, the homework summarizes Sima Qian's evaluation of Xiang Yu-projecting the last paragraph of Historical Records of Xiang Yu: Tai Shigong said: I heard Zhou Sheng say: "Follow the eyes and cover the heavy pupil", and I also heard that Xiang Yu is also a heavy pupil. Are feathers evil in the origin of seedlings? He Xingzhi is also violent! Chen She was the first to bear the brunt of his father's loss of government, and the list goes on and on.
However, feathers have no size. In three years, five princes destroyed Qin and divided the world. However, the government was crowned with feathers and the title was "Overlord". Although it didn't end, it hasn't appeared since recently. It is difficult for northern Henan to take care of Chu, exile the righteous emperor to stand on his own feet, and blame the princes for betraying themselves.
Self-conceited meritorious service, unlearned spell personal wisdom, known as the overlord's business, want to rule the world by force. Five years after his death, the country died, and he died in Dongcheng, but he still didn't feel guilty or blame himself. It is a fallacy to quote "God kills me, not the crime of using troops"! Question 1: summarize Sima Qian's point of view with the original sentence.
Clear: It is wrong to quote "God kills me, not the crime of using troops"! Question 2: Since he was criticized as "absurd", why was he included in this subject? It is clear that the position has not ended, but it has not existed for some time. Tai Shigong said: I heard Zhou Sheng say that Shun's eyes may be two pupils.
I also heard that Xiang Yu is also two primary school students. Is Xiang Yu a descendant of Shun? Otherwise, how could his rise be so sudden! The Qin Dynasty broke its laws, and Chen She challenged it first. Heroes from all walks of life flocked and fought countless battles.
However, Xiang Yu has no authority to rely on. He took advantage of the chaos at the end of Qin Dynasty to rise among the people. In just three years, he led Qi and Qi in the original Warring States period.
2. Pure knowledge of Xiang Yu's death ~ Literature written by Sima Qian 1. The flexible part of speech is 1. Put the wall closed, use nouns as verbs, and station yourself. 2. Starting at night, nouns are adverbials. He was surrounded by the south at night. Wang Naifu led the troops and Dongdong. "He ..." Wei "has a fixed structure, consisting of adverb" He "and modal particle" Wei ". What is this prepositional object sentence? Sentences with prepositional objects. 3. Function words: How are they? Modal particles at the end of a sentence are often used as pronouns, indicating that a horse can ride and a baby is chased by five thousand horses. The pronoun means that Xiang Yu is trapped here today, and the death of this day means that he is not guilty of non-war, which is also a structural auxiliary. 4. Keywords 1, the wall of Wang Jun: the army is a noun-verb, the land is red, and the wall is a noun. Like a wall. 2. So Wang Xiang Nye's elegy is impassioned. 3. Pull up the mountain and shake the world: pull up, shake, cover, surpass, overwhelm and surpass. 4. Wang Xiang's tears are as follows: Weep for tears. 5. Plain dawn (Pingdan). 6. Thousands of miles: land/side: Fiona Fang. 7. Go to Dongcheng, Nai.
3. Speed "The Death of Xiang Yu" Teaching Plan
First, the teaching objectives:
1. Cultivate the self-study ability of classical Chinese: sort out knowledge points and confirm key words; Solve difficult problems with notes and reference books; Learn to communicate and learn, improve learning efficiency and make progress together. (first class)
2, grasp the content of the article, contact the old article, and master the method of evaluating the image of historical figures.
Second, the difficulty:
1, dredge meaning, determine key words and sentences, understand and remember.
2. Evaluate the characters through the plot.
Third, teaching AIDS: blackboard
Fourth, class schedule: 2 class hours
Teaching process of verbs (abbreviation of verb)
Second lesson
An import:
Please come and recite the song of Gaia together. What kind of image do you feel from this poem? (clear: brave, gentle, tragic). The image of Xiang Yu, a historical figure, is multifaceted. This poem shows an aspect of his character. Let's experience other aspects of the tragic hero's personality.
Second, taste the language and analyze the characters.
The tips in Unit 4 tell us that this article is about creating characters. Please study the text carefully and taste the special images of those languages. And write down the images you taste.
(This plot is mainly completed by students, and historical figures are analyzed from the plot of the article or the language of the characters.)
For example, for example, the main plot of the first paragraph: besieged on all sides-generous elegy
I can only help you here!
4. Don't translate the knowledge points in the following paragraph for the English translation of Xiang Yu's death. 1. The part of speech \x0b (1) nouns are verbs \x0b\x0b 1. The wall of Xiang Wang Jun is covered with verbs, nouns are verbs, Xiang Wang Nai is stationed in the army \x0b 2, Xiang Wang Nai is stationed in the east, nouns are verbs. X0b 4。 Shandong period is divided into three periods, with nouns as verbs, which stipulate \x0b 5. The elders in Jiangdong are pitiful and call themselves kings, and nouns are used as verbs, so that ... the nouns of Wang (Ⅱ) are used as adverbial 1 hour. Wang Xiang starts at night, the noun is adverbial, and at 2: 00 in the evening. So Wang Xiang wants to cross the east of Wujiang River, and the noun is adverbial, eastward 2. In the drinking account, in the drinking account, "in the account" is the post-object structure translation: drinking in the military account 2, left, trapped in Ozawa (ellipsis, adverbial postcondition) translation: Wang Xiang led people to the left and fell into the everglades 3, is it worth being alone? "Heart" is a post-object structure. Ji Xiang, am I not ashamed? "4. I heard that Han bought my head and daughter, and every household (ellipsis; I heard that Han bought my first (use) 1000 yuan, and ten thousand yuan households "use" 1000 yuan, and ten thousand yuan households "as the post-customer structure. Every household in Fengyi offered a reward for my head. (2) There are more than 800 strong men riding with me. (2) There are more than 100 people who can ride with me. There are thousands of people riding with me. The enemy I resisted was defeated. However, I am trapped here today. But now I'm finally stuck here. (4) Judgment sentence 1, my death on this day is not a war crime. This is God's destruction of my destiny, and it is by no means the fault of fighting. (5) fixed structure.
I can't cross it, so I don't accumulate steps, so even a thousand-mile trip won't work; If you don't accumulate small streams, you can't become rivers and seas. ("Persuade to Learn") Wang and Pei Gong drink alcohol, and there is no joy in the army. Please dance with a sword. (The Hongmen Banquet) 2. What can I do if the sky dies? "Why ... for", a fixed structure, is a rhetorical question. It means: "Why ...! "Big banks don't care about details, and gifts are not small. Now, man is a knife and I am a fish. Why should I resign? (The Hongmen Banquet) 3 Are you alone? A rhetorical question. It means, "Don't you ...? "Is a person worth it? (the death of Xiang Yu) 3. Function words 1. (4) (4) (4) (4) (4) (4) It can be translated as "old" left, but he was trapped in osawa. There are only 28 riders. (4) conjunctions, which connect the tables in order. So, he died of suicide. (5) He didn't know there were Han people, regardless of Wei and Jin Dynasties. Fourthly, the key word is 1, so Wang Xiang is a generous elegy: generosity. Tears 4, (Ping Dan) Dawn 5, the ground is thousands of miles away: the ground is in 6, to Dongcheng, there are 28 riding: adverbs, just asking what is going on in the world today, but I don't know that there is Han Nai: adverbs, but actually it's just 7, I heard that Han bought my first daughter, and every household bought it. 8. I'm Rhodes, which has advantages and disadvantages.
5. What are the classical Chinese knowledge points in the fourth paragraph of Xiang Yu's death? It's better to make it clear. I just need to copy the fourth paragraph elsewhere, so please tidy it up by yourself. I hope I can help you.
Wujiang committed suicide, so Wang Xiangnai wanted to cross the Wujiang River eastward. Yǐ, the captain of Wujiang Pavilion, was waiting on the boat, saying that Wang Xiang said, "Although Jiangdong is small, the land is thousands of miles, and there are hundreds of thousands of people, it is enough to be king. May the king rush by. Today, I have a boat, and the Han army has arrived, so there is no way to cross it. " East: Nouns as adverbials, heading east. Stern: dock the ship. Although: although. Location: Land (with different meanings in ancient and modern times) King: Yong, Wang. Independence: Only. Nothing: it doesn't work. King Xiang smiled and said, "What can I do if the sky dies?" ! Besides, 8,000 people crossed the river with Jiangdong's children to the west. Today, no one has returned, and my father and brother have pity on me. How can I see it? If you don't say anything, is a person worth it? "It is said that the owner said," I know the master (zh m \u ng). I rode this horse when I was five years old and I was invincible. I tried to travel thousands of miles a day, and I couldn't bear to kill it for the public. "What can I do if Wujiang commits suicide?" "Ta … Wei" is a fixed structure, which consists of adverb "Ta" and modal particle "Wei". Used to ask reasons or backchat. Translation is "why" and "how". Wang: Be a verb, be ... king. Dubu … Tribal Tiger: Fixed sentence pattern: You don't …? Independence: whether or not, adverb. Take: preposition, ba, and omit the "zhi" after it. Wujiang river committed suicide, and made the people dismount and walk, and went into battle with short soldiers. Hundreds of Han troops were killed by Du Ji. King Xiang was also beaten ten times (chuāng). When he saw Han riding a Sima, he said, "If it weren't for my old friend? "stable boy's face refers to: suffering. If: you. Turn around. Face: face; Points: showing to. Purchase: provide rewards for soliciting customers. Municipal authorities: seal off the city. Morale: Nouns are used as verbs to do good deeds. Wang Ming said, "This is also a king." Nye said, "I heard that Han bought my head and daughter, and I am a good man." "He committed suicide. Third, write that Xiang Yu committed suicide in Wujiang River. Wujiang committed suicide? Wujiang refused to cross the river? To director ma? Generously gave the head to Wujiang, Xiang Yu refused to cross the river, gave the horse, gave the head and committed suicide. What personality traits did he show? ? Refuse to cross? For a horse? Give people a sense of shame and loyalty, kindness and kindness, instead of humiliating death and taking it seriously? Articles? Feather it? People? ? The bloody man who "cried a few lines" to My Concubine is fearless in the face of death. A few words express the heart of a man with indomitable spirit. In the face of danger, we should not forget our achievements in the war against Qin, but should blame ourselves. Faced with the chance of survival, I didn't live in shame, but chose to die generously. ? When the people needed it, they went to a bloody battlefield and swept across Qin Jun. When he realized that his behavior was not suitable for the people, he chose to end his short life immediately. This is the true nature of a tragic hero. ? ? Xiang Yu is a hero who knows shame and values righteousness. On the banks of the Wujiang River, at the moment of life and death, I was ashamed to see my elder in Jiangdong and died. I can't bear to see my colleagues at BMW resolutely hand them over to loyal people. It is not a war crime to lament that the soldiers were defeated and the people were killed and the heroes did it. How to analyze the two sentences that Xiang Yu said in the fourth paragraph to show his personality characteristics? As can be seen from the conversation with the boatman, Xiang Yu would rather die than surrender and has a strong self-esteem. He doesn't like others to pity him, regard him as king, and don't shirk his responsibility. " I heard that Han bought my head and daughter. I am a good man. "This shows that Xiang Yu's death-defying personality is shameful. Sima Qian's evaluation of Xiang Yu: boasting meritorious deeds, fighting for his private wisdom without forgetting the past, calling it the business of overlord, and wanting to manage the world by force. He died five years later in his own country and in Dongcheng, but he still didn't feel guilty or blame himself. Isn't it ridiculous to quote "God kills me, not the crime of fighting"? ? Praise one's own merits and talents, but don't imitate the ancients, thinking that the overlord has achieved and trying to conquer and govern the world by force. After five years of war, one finally perished and died in Dongcheng, but he still didn't realize it, let alone blame himself. That would be wrong. Is it ridiculous to say "it's not my fault that God wants to destroy me"? Xiang Yu is a brave, brave, enthusiastic and upright man. When the value is under siege, I weep generously and bid farewell to the beauty. On the banks of the Wujiang River, I was ashamed to see my elder in Jiangdong and died. A sincere and affectionate person. Hundreds of thousands of blows will cut the flag and be invincible. In the Jedi, I have killed countless people, and it is not a war crime to say that I will be killed this day. Its heroism and good fighting skills can stir up the world. 1. Be brave and good at fighting, be fearless in the face of danger, be brave and generous, be ashamed and kind, and die before surrender. 2. First of all, I'm sure Xiang Yu is a hero, a tragic hero with shortcomings. 3. But I never look at myself, believe in conceit, and don't know how to blame myself. Before I died, I added, "If this day kills me, it is not a war crime. "
6. China's knowledge of classical history-the death of Xiang Yu killed himself in Wujiang River. Xiang Yu's battle in Dongcheng rekindled his hope of survival, so he wanted to cross the Wujiang River eastward (Wujiang River is in wujiang town, a county in southern Anhui). The pavilion of Wujiang River stopped at the shore and said to Xiang Yu, "Although Jiangdong is small, Fiona Fang has thousands of miles, and hundreds of thousands of people are enough to be king.
Only I have a boat now. I hope your majesty will cross the river as soon as possible. If the Han army comes after you, you can't escape. When Xiang Yu heard these words, he realized that the land of Xi Chu had not fallen, and he had great guilt and regret for the past killings. In order to defend the honor of "overlord", he finally chose to die in the battlefield instead of crossing the river, so he said, "God wants to kill me, so why should I cross the river?" I thought that when I crossed the river with 8,000 children from Jiangdong to the west, no one was spared today. Even if my elders in Jiangdong pity me and respect me as king, won't I feel guilty? " Thinking of this, he said to the director, "I know you are an elder." I have been riding this horse for five years and I am invincible. Once a thousand miles a day, I couldn't bear to kill it. Now I'll give it to you. "
So he ordered all the cavalry to dismount and meet the enemy with swords. In the end, Xiang Yu killed hundreds of people and injured himself more than ten times. At this time, he saw Lv Matong, a former subordinate of the Han army, and said to him, "Aren't you my old friend?" When Lv Matong saw it, he immediately said to the Han general Wang Yi, "This is the King of Xiang!" Xiang Yu said: "I heard that Hanwang offered a reward of thousands of dollars, and every household in the city wanted my head. I want to do a good thing for you today! " So Xiang Yu committed suicide and died at the age of 30.
After Xiang Yu's death, Wang Shu took his head, and the rest of the Han army fought each other for Xiang Yu's body, killing dozens of people. The last five Han will be divided into Xiang Yu and sealed. At this point, Hanwang Liu Bang's footsteps of unifying the world can no longer be stopped, and a generation of Chu overlord also ended his glorious and heroic life here! Hope to adopt.