□ Lv Shuxiang
Chinese teaching in primary and secondary schools is an old problem, and it is also a serious problem that cannot be ignored at present. We all know that Chinese teaching in primary and secondary schools is poor, and the Chinese level of middle school graduates is low, but I'm afraid we still don't know enough about the seriousness of short, slow, poor and expensive. The teaching time of Chinese in primary and secondary schools has always been the first of all courses. The newly published "Trial Draft of Full-time Ten-year Primary and Secondary School Teaching Plan" stipulates that the total ten-year class hours are 9 160, and the Chinese class hours are 2749, which is exactly 30%. Ten years, more than 2700 class hours, were spent learning our own language, but most of them failed. Isn't that weird? Chinese is a tool, and the low level of Chinese affects the study of other subjects. Some math teachers and physics teachers complain that they have to be Chinese teachers at the same time. You should ask several students with good Chinese skills about their experiences and say with one voice that he has benefited a lot from studying after class. Chinese class takes up so much time, which is bound to occupy the time of other courses. According to the "Trial Draft", the five subjects of physics, chemistry, biology and physical health in primary school knowledge of nature and middle school are 1076 class hours. We want to carry out the four modernizations, but let our children spend just over one-tenth of their time studying science, and almost one-third of their time on Chinese lessons with little effect. This problem should attract everyone's attention, right? Should we study how to improve the efficiency of Chinese teaching and get better results in less time?
I also want to talk about foreign languages in universities. We should carry out the four modernizations, the first is the modernization of science and technology, and the foreign language of scientific and technological workers is the decisive factor. As far as China is concerned, there are not enough scientific and technological materials in Chinese. If a scientist can't use foreign materials, he can only do third-rate work. By translation? Nowadays, there are a lot of scientific and technological documents every day, and there are only a limited number of people who are qualified to translate and have time to translate, and only a very small part can be translated. Scientists in advanced countries generally know two or three foreign languages, some know five or six, and at worst they can use one, although the scientific literature in their own languages is already rich. There are many reasons for our backwardness in science, one of which is that most scientific and technological workers fail to pass the foreign language. Foreign language failure is due to poor teaching in universities, which is related to foreign language classes in middle schools. Due to the limitation of teachers, we haven't been able to popularize foreign languages in middle schools, so we don't take foreign languages in the college entrance examination. Therefore, college foreign languages are taught from A, B, C and D, with four classes a week for two years (science and engineering). Even if you try hard to teach and learn, it is difficult to read foreign language materials freely, not to mention that most public foreign language classes are false stories. I think that in the future, we must pay close attention to the teaching of public foreign languages in colleges and universities, so that students in grades three and four can read the general literature of the subject and graduate students can learn a second foreign language well. At the same time, college students must take foreign language exams, otherwise middle school students will not study hard.
These two problems have a long history, but they have become more serious because of the trouble of the Gang of Four. The Gang of Four did not want teenagers to learn Chinese well, but advocated copying books and newspapers, saying empty words and telling lies to facilitate their use. Schools in many places simply cancel Chinese classes and merge them into political classes, which is of course their political assistance. Foreign language learning is also persecuted. To study business is to take the road of "white specialization" and learn foreign scientific and technological documents. Except for the "white expert", neither hat can lift its head. Now that the Gang of Four has been overthrown, their bad influence has not been completely eliminated and the original problems have not been solved. To solve these problems, I think it is best to set up a research institution to conduct research, and it is best to set up an academy of educational sciences or at least an educational research institute. It is not only the problem of Chinese teaching that needs to be studied, but also the problem of education. Now all industrial departments and units that produce materials have research institutions to study how to produce more and better materials. Education departments and units that train talents should have research institutions to study how to train more and better talents. We have more than 100 million students going to school, from primary school to university 14 years, plus 3 years of graduate students. Who can believe that there is no problem studying here?